Table of Contents
1
UI - 11440037
AU - Kulasegaram R; Giersing B; Page CJ; Blower PJ; Williamson RA; Peters BS;
TI -
O'Doherty MJ
In vivo evaluation of 111In-DTPA-N-TIMP-2 in Kaposi sarcoma associated
with HIV infection.
SO - Eur J Nucl Med 2001 Jun;28(6):756-61
AD - Biosciences Department, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.
Matrix metalloproteinases are the major agents responsible for the
degradation of extracellular matrix and are produced at high levels by
transformed and tumour cells, where they participate in the metastatic
process by allowing local invasion. They are also more active at sites
of new normal growth and angiogenesis. In the early stages of Kaposi
sarcoma (KS), in vitro studies have demonstrated that vascular invasion
can be inhibited by inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases. Imaging of
visceral and cutaneous KS presents a problem and therefore the potential
use of a labelled inhibitor of metalloproteinases, N-TIMP-2, with
indium-111 was thought to present a possible imaging tool. The
biokinetics, dosimetry and potential for imaging with
111In-DTPA-N-TIMP-2 were assessed in five patients with HIV infection
and KS. Between 103.1 and 108.0 MBq of this agent was injected into each
patient, and the dynamic uptake over the kidneys was assessed, whole
body scans were performed and blood samples were obtained. The clearance
from the blood was rapid, with a first component half-time of 16.6+/-3.4
min and a second component half-time of 9.68+/-2.68 h. Two out of five
patients experienced minor shivering but one of these patients was
generally unwell before the study. The last three patients had no such
problems. The tracer distributed predominantly to the kidneys and did
not localise in other tissues. No KS lesions were clearly identified.
111In-DTPA-N-TIMP-2 can be successfully prepared and administered to
patients safely, with a biodistribution and dosimetry which would allow
its use as an imaging tracer. It is unlikely to be of use for imaging
KS, but may have a role in other tumours that produce matrix
metalloproteinases.
2
UI - 11453603
AU - Nuvor SV; Katano H; Ampofo WK; Barnor JS; Sata T
TI -
Higher prevalence of antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 in HIV-infected
individuals than in the general population in Ghana, West Africa.
SO - Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2001 May;20(5):362-4
AD - Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases,
Tokyo, Japan.
3
UI - 11673818
AU - Nunez M; Saballs P; Valencia ME; Santos J; Ferrer E; Santos I; Berrocal
TI -
A; Galindo MJ; Podzamczer D; Gonzlez-Lahoz J; Caelyx/KS Spanish Study
Group
Response to liposomal doxorubicin and clinical outcome of HIV-1-infected
patients with Kaposi's sarcoma receiving highly active antiretroviral
therapy.
SO - HIV Clin Trials 2001 Sep-Oct;2(5):429-37
AD - Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. m_nunez_g@hotmail.com
PURPOSE: HIV-associated Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) may not resolve despite
highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Moreover, the therapeutic
goal has shifted from palliative care to long-term durable complete
remission. The objective of the study was to assess the impact of
liposomal doxorubicin in the treatment of HIV-associated KS in the HAART
era. METHOD: In this prospective, noncomparative, multicenter study,
patients with more than 10 cutaneous lesions or visceral disease were
treated with 20 mg/m(2) of liposomal doxorubicin (Caelyx) every 3 weeks
in addition to their antiretroviral therapy. In addition to tumor
measurements and laboratory tests, human herpes virus 8 (HHV-8)
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells
(PBMC) was performed. RESULTS: Out of 79 participants enrolled in the
study, 47 (59%) had stage T(1), 41 (52%) I(1), and 32 (40%) S(1). Nine
individuals were not evaluable for response, 32 (40%) had complete
response, 30 (38%) partial response, 5 (6%) stable disease, and 3 (4%)
progression. Regression analysis did not find any statistically
significant factor predicting response. HHV-8 PCR was positive in 37/53
(70%) patients with available PBMC samples, and HHV-8 viremia cleared in
14/27 (52%) without correlation with clinical response. Eleven (14%)
participants experienced a relapse of KS, while at the last update of
data, 49 (62%) remained stable. The only risk factor for recurrence
identified was the follow-up time (odds ratio [OR] 1.21, 95% CI
1.07-1.36; p =.002). CONCLUSION: The response rate of AIDS-associated KS
to liposomal doxorubicin administered with HAART was high, and most
often the response was durable. HHV-8 viremia did not correlate well
with clinical outcome.
4
UI - 11676823
AU - Pellet C; Chevret S; Blum L; Gauville C; Hurault M; Blanchard G;
TI -
Agbalika F; Lascoux C; Ponscarme D; Morel P; Calvo F; Lebbe C
Virologic and immunologic parameters that predict clinical response of
AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma to highly active antiretroviral
therapy.
SO - J Invest Dermatol 2001 Oct;117(4):858-63
AD - Laboratory of Pharmacology, Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris, France.
The purpose of the work was to assess the predictive value of biologic
factors on the efficacy of highly active antiretroviral therapy alone or
combined with chemotherapy on AIDS-associated Kaposi's sarcoma.
Twenty-six AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma patients who started therapy with
protease inhibitors were investigated. No baseline chemotherapy was
associated with less severe initial clinical status. Median follow-up
was 652 d. The main outcome measures were as follows: best Kaposi's
sarcoma clinical response; Kaposi's-sarcoma-associated herpesviral load
in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using real-time quantitative
polymerase chain reaction (non-detectable if less than 100 copies per
microg); human immunodeficiency viral charge in plasma (non-detectable
if less than 200 copies per ml); and CD4 lymphocyte count. Time to
undetectable Kaposi's-sarcoma-associated herpesviral load, time to
undetectable human immunodeficiency viral charge, and time to CD4 >or=
150 per microl were also recorded over time, from 2 mo measurements.
Patients were staged according to the AIDS Clinical Trials Group-based
tumor, immune, systemic staging system criteria. At baseline, Kaposi's
sarcoma was progressive for 25 (96%) of the 26 enrolled patients.
Complete or partial response to highly active antiretroviral therapy
alone or combined with chemotherapy was achieved in 22 patients (85%).
Median time to clinical response was estimated at 251 d. Clinical
response was faster in patients without chemotherapy at baseline (p =
0.003) as well as in patients not previously treated with reverse
transcriptase inhibitors (p = 0.0012). Using univariable analyses,
predictive factors of clinical response were undetectable
Kaposi's-sarcoma-associated herpesviremia (p = 0.013), undetectable
human immunodeficiency viremia (p = 0.03), and relative variation of CD4
lymphocytes (p = 0.004). Using multivariable analysis, undetectable
Kaposi's-sarcoma-associated herpesviremia (p = 0.009) and relative
variation of CD4 (p = 0.005) were independently selected as having a
predictive value for clinical response. Occurrence of nondetection of
either Kaposi's-sarcoma-associated herpesvirus or human immunodeficiency
virus was not associated with baseline CD4 value.
Kaposi's-sarcoma-associated herpesvirus quantitative viral charge is an
independent predictive factor of the efficacy of highly active
antiretroviral therapy on AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma. Our results support
immune reconstitution as a mechanism of response of Kaposi's sarcoma to
highly active antiretroviral therapy.
5
UI - 11696169
AU - Suda T; Katano H; Delsol G; Kakiuchi C; Nakamura T; Shiota M; Sata T;
TI -
Higashihara M; Mori S
HHV-8 infection status of AIDS-unrelated and AIDS-associated
multicentric Castleman's disease.
SO - Pathol Int 2001 Sep;51(9):671-9
AD - Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Science, University of
Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Multicentric Castleman's disease (MCD) is a clinicopathologically
defined entity characterized by systemic lymphadenopathy with unique
pathomorphology such as angiosclerosis, blood vessel proliferation in
and around follicles, and plasmacytosis. While its pathogenesis has
remained unclarified for many years, identification of the human
herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) in at least some MCD cases has opened new
perspectives in this field. Because previous reports have described many
inconsistencies regarding HHV-8 positivity in MCD, we intended to
clarify this issue by the introduction of more convincing methodologies.
For this investigation, we introduced two antibodies produced in our
laboratories that recognize a latent gene product ORF73 and a lytic gene
product ORF59, together with two well-recognized methods, in situ
hybridization for the detection of lytic phase transcript T1.1/nut-1,
and genomic polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Eighty-two cases of MCD
were collected from Japan (n = 75) and France (n = 7). In three cases,
the patients were suffering from acquired immunodeficiency syndrome
(AIDS). Immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization showed identical
results: only three out of 82 cases were positively stained, and all the
positive cases were found to be the patients with AIDS. Genomic PCR was
done in 43 cases, and only one case produced positive results: the only
AIDS case among the 43 cases studied by genomic PCR.
Histopathologically, the HHV-8-positive cases showed the highest
intensity of angiosclerosis and germinal center / perifollicular
vascular proliferation, while plasmacytosis was not severe in the
HHV-8-positive cases. Some of the HHV-8-negative MCD cases displayed
similar histopathology, but at a far less intense level, except for the
plasmacytosis. These results suggest that: (i) all three of the
HHV-8-positive MCD patients in the present group are the patients with
AIDS; and (ii) HHV-8-positive MCD patients develop typical but marked
angiosclerosis and vascular proliferation that might be differentiated
from HHV-8-negative MCD patients, who showed far less intense changes.
6
UI - 11720464
AU - Engels EA; Rosenberg PS; Frisch M; Goedert JJ
TI -
Cancers associated with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) in AIDS: a link between KS
herpesvirus and immunoblastic lymphoma.
SO - Br J Cancer 2001 Nov 2;85(9):1298-303
AD - Viral Epidemiology Branch and Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer
Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive
Blvd., Rockville, MD, USA.
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), common among persons with acquired
immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), is caused by KS herpesvirus (KSHV) but
whether KSHV causes other malignancies is uncertain. Using linked United
States AIDS and cancer registries, we measured the incidence of specific
malignancies in persons with AIDS (4-27 months after AIDS onset). We
identified associations with KSHV by calculating a relative risk: cancer
incidence in persons with KS (all were KSHV-infected) divided by
incidence in persons without KS. Using Poisson regression, relative
risks were adjusted for human immunodeficiency virus risk group, gender,
age, race, and calendar year. We included 189 159 subjects (26 972 with
KS). Immunoblastic lymphoma was significantly associated with KS (506
cases; relative risks: unadjusted 2.44, 95%CI 2.00-2.96, adjusted 1.58,
95%CI 1.29-1.93). Only one immunoblastic lymphoma had pleura as primary
site. None of 37 other specified malignancies (other non-Hodgkin
lymphomas, haematological malignancies, solid tumours) was significantly
associated with KS. In summary, the association of immunoblastic
lymphoma with KS was specific among examined malignancies and remained
significant after statistical adjustment. Our findings, and the
previously demonstrated presence of KSHV in the histologically related
primary effusion lymphoma, suggest that KSHV is involved in the
pathogenesis of some immunoblastic lymphomas. Copyright 2001 Cancer
Research Campaign
7
UI - 11600842
AU - Mazzi R; Parisi SG; Sarmati L; Uccella I; Nicastri E; Carolo G; Gatti F;
TI -
Concia E; Andreoni M
Efficacy of cidofovir on human herpesvirus 8 viraemia and Kaposi's
sarcoma progression in two patients with AIDS.
SO - AIDS 2001 Oct 19;15(15):2061-2
8
UI - 11737340
AU - Hermans P
TI -
Kaposi's sarcoma in HIV-infected patients: treatment options.
SO - HIV Med 2000 Jul;1(3):137-42
AD - CHU Saint-Pierre, Division of Infectious Diseases, rue Haute, 322,
B-1000 Brussels, Belgium.
Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is the most prevalent AIDS-associated tumour,
occurring in 20-30% of HIV-1-infected individuals in the early 1980s.
The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has
dramatically reduced the incidence of the disease and might therefore
support the concept of 'opportunistic malignancies' requiring immune
impairments to occur. The relationship between the immune system and the
epidemiology of this virus-induced tumour is of importance in order to
identify new therapeutic approaches for treating or preventing its
occurrence. As a model of impaired angiogenesis, therapeutic options for
treating AIDS patients with KS should therefore target cell division,
anti-angiogenic processes, immune modulators, cytokines and potentially
antiviral drugs.
9
UI - 11558892
AU - Kreuter A; Gambichler T; Schlottmann R; Altmeyer P; Brockmeyer N
TI -
Psoriasiform pustular eruptions from pegylated-liposomal doxorubicin in
AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma.
SO - Acta Derm Venereol 2001 Jun-Jul;81(3):224
10
UI - 11363051
AU - James JS
TI -
DOXIL approved for KS.
SO - AIDS Treat News 1995 Dec 1;(no 236):6
11
UI - 11363097
AU - Prescott LM
TI -
Doxil offers hope to KS sufferers.
SO - J Int Assoc Physicians AIDS Care 1995 Dec;1(11):43-4
12
UI - 11684936
AU - Renwick N; Weverling GJ; Halaby T; Portegies P; Bakker M; Schulz TF;
TI -
Goudsmit J
Kaposi's sarcoma and human herpesvirus 8 infection do not protect HIV-1
infected homosexual men from AIDS dementia complex.
SO - AIDS 2001 Nov 9;15(16):2165-9
AD - Department of Human Retrovirology, Academic Medical Center, University
of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
OBJECTIVE: To examine the association between Kaposi's sarcoma (KS),
human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) and AIDS dementia complex (ADC). DESIGN: A
total of 599 HIV-1 infected homosexual men participated in a prospective
cohort study (Amsterdam, 1984-1996). METHODS: The risk for ADC in
patients with prior KS or HHV8 infection was estimated using the Cox
proportional hazards method with adjustments for antiretroviral
medication and low CD4 cell counts. RESULTS: Of the 599 participants,
290 (48.4%) had HHV8 antibodies, 99 (16.5%) had KS and 30 (5.0%) had
ADC. ADC was diagnosed in 5.2% of participants with KS and 5.0% of those
without KS, and in 4.8% of HHV8 seropositive compared to 5.2%
seronegative individuals and thus was not associated with KS or HHV8
infection. Using a time-dependent Cox proportional hazards analysis with
the date of KS as risk factor, the risk for ADC was 2.7 [95% confidence
interval (CI), 0.92-7.96; P = 0.07) and when only definite ADC was
considered it was 3.5 (95% CI, 1.00-12.26;P = 0.05). After adjusting for
decreases in CD4 cell count and use of medication, the hazards ratio for
participants with KS to develop ADC was 2.0 (95% CI, 0.66-5.77; P =
0.23) and 2.6 (95% CI, 0.73-9.12; P = 0.14), respectively. HHV8
seropositivity, adjusted for the same variables, showed a risk for ADC
of 0.85 (95% CI, 0.41-1.77;P = 0.66) and for definite ADC 0.69 (95% CI,
0.27-1.73; P = 0.42). The expected neuroprotective effects of
antiretroviral medication were observed. CONCLUSIONS: KS or HHV8 does
not significantly influence the risk for developing ADC in a group with
a uniform risk for developing KS therefore we recommend caution in
searching for a KS-associated or HHV8-derived therapy for ADC.
13
UI - 11750207
AU - Engels EA
TI -
Human immunodeficiency virus infection, aging, and cancer.
SO - J Clin Epidemiol 2001 Dec;54 Suppl 1():S29-34
AD - Viral Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics,
National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd., Room 8005, Rockville,
MD 20852, USA. engelse@exchange.nih.gov
HIV infection increases non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma
risk. Among HIV-uninfected persons, risk for these malignancies and
others increases with age. As HIV-infected persons age, new patterns in
cancer incidence may emerge. In this article, data from the AIDS-Cancer
Registry Match study are presented on risk for Kaposi's sarcoma and lung
cancer among persons with AIDS. For 132,346 homosexual men with AIDS,
Kaposi's sarcoma incidence was highest for men 30-39 years old (5.0
cases/100 person-years) and declined with age (P(trend) <.0001). This
trend likely arises from variation in Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus
prevalence among homosexual men. For 239,257 adults with AIDS (all risk
groups), lung cancer incidence increased with age, and was higher than
in the general population (P <.0001), probably reflecting heavy smoking
among HIV-infected adults. Identifying separate effects of HIV and aging
on cancer risk will require detailed data on individuals' HIV infection
status and exposures to known carcinogens.
The above citations and abstracts reflect those newly added to CANCERLIT for the month and topic listed in the title. The citations have been retrieved from CANCERLIT using a predefined search strategy of indexed subject terms. Although the search strategy has been refined as best as possible, citations may appear that are not directly related to the topic, and occasionally relevant references may be omitted.
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