Table of Contents
1
UI - 11755827
AU - Flaitz CM; Nichols CM; Walling DM; Hicks MJ
TI -
Plasmablastic lymphoma: an HIV-associated entity with primary oral
manifestations.
SO - Oral Oncol 2002 Jan;38(1):96-102
AD - Department of Stomatology, University of Texas-Houston Health Science
Center, Dental Branch, 6516 John Freeman Avenue, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
cmflaitz@mail.uth.db.edu
Plasmablastic lymphoma is a relatively new entity that is considered to
be a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with an unique immunophenotype and a
predilection for the oral cavity. We present a 50 year-old HIV-positive,
bisexual, white male with a CD4 count 300/mm(3) and a viral HIV-RNA
polymerase chain reaction (PCR) load of 237 copies/ml, who developed a
painful, purple-red mass in the edentulous area of the maxillary right
first molar. Erythematous gingival enlargements of the interdental
papillae were seen in three of the dental quadrants. In addition, the
patient was being managed with antiretroviral therapy and liposomal
doxorubicin for recurrent cutaneous Kaposi's sarcoma (KS). Although oral
KS was suspected, the gingival lesions were biopsied because they were
refractory to chemotherapy and a lymphoma could not be excluded.
Histopathologic examination revealed a lymphoid malignant neoplasm,
consistent with a plasmablastic lymphoma. Immunoreactivity with vs38c,
CD79a, kappa light chain, and IgG was readily identified in tumor cells;
while only focal cells expressed CD20 and LCA (CD45RB). CD56, CD3,
lambda light chain, and EMA were non-reactive. EBV was detected in the
tumor by Southern hybridization, PCR amplification, in situ
hybridization for EBER-1 DNA, and immunohistochemistry for latent
membrane protein-1. The same tumor was negative for HHV-8 by PCR.
Recognition of plasmablastic lymphoma is important, because it
represents an HIV-associated malignancy that predominantly involves the
oral cavity, may mimic KS and has a poor prognosis.
2
UI - 10673744
AU - Fassone L; Bhatia K; Gutierrez M; Capello D; Gloghini A; Dolcetti R;
TI -
Vivenza D; Ascoli V; Lo Coco F; Pagani L; Dotti G; Rambaldi A; Raphael
M; Tirelli U; Saglio G; Magrath IT; Carbone A; Gaidano G
Molecular profile of Epstein-Barr virus infection in HHV-8-positive
primary effusion lymphoma.
SO - Leukemia 2000 Feb;14(2):271-7
AD - Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, Amedeo
Avogadro University of Eastern Piedmont, Novara, Italy.
Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) selectively involves the serous body
cavities, occurs predominantly in immunodeficient patients and is
infected consistently by human herpesvirus type-8. PEL is also
frequently infected by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). The precise
pathogenetic role of EBV coinfection in PEL is not fully understood. The
lymphoma fails to express the EBV transforming proteins EBNA-2 and
LMP-1, whereas it expresses EBNA-1 (latency I phenotype). Some studies
have hypothesized that other EBV-positive lymphomas expressing the
latency I phenotype may associate with specific molecular variants of
EBNA-1, although this issue has not been addressed in PEL. On this
basis, this study is aimed at a detailed molecular characterization of
EBV in PEL. Fifteen EBV positive PEL (12 AIDS-related, one
post-transplant, two arising in immunocompetent hosts) were subjected to
molecular characterization of the viral genes EBNA-1 and LMP-1, as well
as definition of EBV type-1/type-2. The EBNA-1 gene displayed a high
degree of heterogeneity in different cases of PEL, with seven distinct
recognizable variants and subvariants. A wild-type LMP-1 gene was
detected in 10/15 cases, whereas in 5/15 cases the LMP-1 gene harbored a
deletion spanning codons 346-355. EBV type-1 occurred in 11/15 PEL
whereas EBV type-2 occurred in 4/15 cases. Despite a high degree of
genetic variability of the virus in different PEL cases, each single PEL
harbored only one EBV variant, consistent with monoclonality of
infection and suggesting that infection preceded clonal expansion.
Overall, our results indicate that: (1) individual PEL cases
consistently harbor a single EBV strain; (2) EBNA-1 displays a high
degree of heterogeneity in different PEL cases; (3) no specific EBV
genotype preferentially associates with PEL.
3
UI - 11737393
AU - Bower M; Fife K
TI -
Current issues in the biology of AIDS-related lymphoma.
SO - HIV Med 2001 Jul;2(3):141-5
AD - Department of Oncology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
m.bower@ic.ac.uk
Three important issues have been the focus of much recent attention in
the biology of AIDS-related lymphomas. The altered epidemiology in the
era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, the role of herpesviruses
including human herpesvirus 8 and the molecular genetics of
HIV-associated T-cell lymphomas. These topics are covered in this
article and their potential application to the clinical management of
AIDS-related lymphomas are discussed.
4
UI - 11816116
AU - Nenasheva VV; Maksimov VV; Nikolaev AI; Tarantul VZ
TI -
[Comparative analysis of the level of gene transcription in two types of
HIV-associated lymphoma]
SO - Mol Gen Mikrobiol Virusol 2001;(4):27-31
AD - Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 123182
Moscow.
In order to characterize the molecular mechanisms of lymphoma formation
in HIV-infected humans, a method of two-staged substractive cloning was
used, which adequately detects genes whose expression is increased in
cells of one lymphoma in comparison with another. Using this method, we
determined the spectrum of genes whose expression was increased in
centroblastic non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in comparison with immunoblastic
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Several gene groups were distinguished in this
spectrum; their probable involvement in lymphogenesis is discussed.
5
UI - 11697632
AU - Sarkodee-Adoo C; Pittarelli L; Jaffe E; Sorbara L; Raffeld M; Yao X;
TI -
Haddad R; Heller T
Regression and clonally distinct recurrence of human immunodeficiency
virus related Burkitt-like lymphoma during antiretroviral therapy.
SO - Leuk Lymphoma 2001 Sep-Oct;42(5):1125-31
AD - Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine,
Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Cancer Center, Baltimore 21201, USA.
csarkodee@umm.edu
An increased incidence of intermediate to high-grade Non Hodgkin's
Lymphoma is found in individuals with AIDS. Although immune function in
AIDS patients can be improved through the use of antiretroviral therapy,
the contribution of these drugs to lymphoma regression is not known.
Here we describe the complete regression and subsequent recurrence of
high grade, Burkitt-like lymphoma during antiretroviral therapy in a
patient with AIDS. Antiretroviral therapy resulted in diminished viral
load and modest improvement in CD4+ T cell counts. Lymphoma regressed
initially, but relapsed 3 months later. Tissue taken from the initial
and recurrent tumor demonstrated different clonal rearrangements. The
recurrent lymphoma did not respond to continued antiretroviral therapy.
In Conclusion, antiretroviral therapy may contribute to lymphoma
regression in AIDS lymphoma. Clinically recurrent disease may be
clonally distinct.
6
UI - 11426545
AU - Santon A; Bellas C
TI -
Deletions within the epstein-barr virus latent membrane protein-1
oncogene in adult ordinary, HIV-associated and paediatric Hodgkin's
disease.
SO - Leuk Lymphoma 2001 Jan;40(3-4):235-42
AD - Pathology Department, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, Madrid, Spain.
The aims of this study were the following: a) to perform Epstein-Barr
virus (EBV) strain type assignment in three groups of Hodgkin's
disease(HD): adult ordinary (39 cases), paediatric (24 cases), and
HIV-associated (30 cases) and to compare the prevalence of type 1 and
type 2 in each of the groups with that existing in two reference
populations made up of 50 adults and 39 children; b) to assess the
frequency of latent membrane protein-1 (LMP-1) 30-base pair (bp)
deletions in the HD groups and in the healthy controls; and c) to relate
the presence of LMP-1 deletions with EBV type. Type 2 EBV was observed
in 12.8% of ordinary HD, in 26.7% of HIV-associated HD, in 25% of
paediatric HD, in 4% of adult controls, and in none of the healthy
children. The existence of double infections by type 1 and 2 EBV was
also observed in 5.1% of ordinary HD, in 6.7% of HIV-associated HD, and
in 10% of adult controls. The 30-bp deletion was identified overall in
33.3% of ordinary HD, in 83.3% of HIV-positive HD, 79.2% of paediatric
HD, 34.7% of adult controls, and 36.4% of healthy children. Statistical
analysis showed a significant association of the deleted strains with HD
occurring in HIV-positive patients (P= 0.00003) and childhood HD (P=
0.006). On the other hand, the prevalence of the 30-bp deletion in the
adult ordinary HD group reflects the prevalence of the deletion in the
general population. Co-infections by deleted and non-deleted EBV strains
were detected in 12.8% of ordinary HD, in 33.3% of HIV-associated HD, in
50% of paediatric HD, in 26.5% of adult controls, and in 27.3% of
healthy children. Concerning the relationship between the deletion and
the EBV typing, 26% of type 1 specimens carried the 30-bp deletion in an
isolated manner compared with 64.7% of type 2. The statistical analysis
showed that the deletion was associated with type 2 strains when
coinfections were excluded and only the cases in which the deletion
appeared alone were considered (P=0.003).
7
UI - 11790664
AU - Kurosu K; Yumoto N; Rom WN; Takiguchi Y; Jaishree J; Nakata K; Tatsumi
TI -
K; Mikata A; Kuriyama T; Weiden MD
Oligoclonal T cell expansions in pulmonary lymphoproliferative
disorders: demonstration of the frequent occurrence of oligoclonal T
cells in human immunodeficiency virus-related lymphoid interstitial
pneumonia.
SO - Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2002 Jan 15;165(2):254-9
AD - Department of Respirology, School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba,
Japan. SNC16385@nifty.com
We used a denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) procedure with
40-nucleotide guanine- and cytosine-rich sequences in the polymerase
chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing analysis to analyze the T cell
antigen receptor (TCR)-Vgamma gene repertoire of infiltrating T
lymphocytes in pulmonary lymphoproliferative disorders. Six of 15
low-grade mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphomas and 8 of 15
cases of lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) showed some
oligoclonal bands for TCR-Vgamma genes on DGGE. Sequencing analysis
demonstrated plural oligoclonal TCR-Vgamma clones among the oligoclonal
PCR products on DGGE, leading to the conclusion that conventional
antigen-specific oligoclonal expansions may play some role in the
pathogenesis of pulmonary lymphoproliferative disorders. The frequency
of oligoclonal infiltrating T cell expansions in human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV)-related LIP (100%) was significantly higher than in
low-grade pulmonary MALT lymphomas (40%) or in HIV-negative LIP (30%).
Because recent evidence demonstrates that the V3 loop in the proviral
amino acid sequences of mononuclear cells from bronchoalveolar lavage is
more homogeneous than those from peripheral blood, this homogeneity
might result in oligoclonal expansions of infiltrating T lymphocytes as
a consequence of ongoing reactions against lung-specific viral strains.
8
UI - 11786734
AU - Licho R; Litofsky NS; Senitko M; George M
TI -
Inaccuracy of Tl-201 brain SPECT in distinguishing cerebral infections
from lymphoma in patients with AIDS.
SO - Clin Nucl Med 2002 Feb;27(2):81-6
AD - Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical
School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA. lichor@ummhc.org
PURPOSE: Studies have suggested using Tl-201 brain SPECT to
differentiate lymphoma from infectious processes and to determine the
timing for biopsy or empirical therapy for patients with AIDS-related
brain lesions. This study prospectively investigated the utility of
Tl-201 SPECT in distinguishing central nervous system lymphoma from
non-neoplastic disease in patients with AIDS. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Fourteen patients with AIDS and focal abnormalities on computed
tomography or magnetic resonance imaging underwent brain SPECT before
diagnosis (12 by biopsy, 2 by clinical course and response to therapy).
A an uptake ratio (UR) was obtained by drawing a region of interest
around the lesion, measuring average counts per pixel, and dividing this
value by the value of a non-lesion-containing contralateral region of
interest. The UR cutoff producing the highest accuracy
(TP+TN/TP+TN+FP+FN) in discriminating lymphoma from another condition
was determined from URs generated from these 14 patients. RESULTS: Five
patients had lymphoma, five had toxoplasmosis, one had Herpes simplex
virus encephalitis, two had progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy,
and one had gliosis (UR, 0.8). Patients were separated into categories
of lymphoma or nonlymphoma. The mean UR was 2.2 +/- 1.6 (range, 1.0 to
3.85) for lymphoma and 1.7 +/- 0.8 (range, 0.7 to 3.2) for nonlymphoma.
Only a UR of 1.63 resulted in sensitivity and specificity better than
50% (60% and 55%, respectively), with an accuracy of 57%, positive
predictive value of 43%, and negative predictive value of 71%.
CONCLUSIONS: Tl-201 brain SPECT appears unreliable for differentiating
primary lymphoma from nonmalignant brain lesions in patients with AIDS.
Early brain biopsy is necessary to establish a definitive diagnosis when
appropriate.
9
UI - 11642392
AU - Bui SK; O'Brien JM; Cunningham ET Jr
TI -
Purtscher retinopathy following drug-induced pancreatitis in an
HIV-positive patient.
SO - Retina 2001;21(5):542-5
AD - Francis L. Proctor Foundation, and the Department of Ophthalmology,
University of California at San Francisco Medical Center, 94143-0944,
USA.
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