Table of Contents
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UI - 12151885
AU - Ganjavi H; Malkin D
TI -
Genetics of childhood cancer.
SO - Clin Orthop 2002 Aug;(401):75-87
AD - Division of Haematology/Oncology, The Hospital for Sick Children,
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
In recent years, knowledge of the molecular genetics of childhood
cancers has been increasing at an exponential rate. The study of the
molecular mechanisms of oncogenesis has led to an understanding of the
role that tumor suppressors, oncogenes, and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
repair genes play in development of the disease. Chromosomal
translocations can lead to the disruption of growth regulatory genes or
the formation of growth stimulatory fusion genes in leukemias and solid
tumors. These alterations can occur sporadically or can be inherited,
which often leads to cancer in children or young adults. Often, the
presence of specific genetic alterations can be used to diagnose a
cancer that otherwise would be difficult to verify. Genetic mutations
also can be prognostic indicators and guide the treatment plan of the
physician.
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