• Colposcopy in the diagnosis of penile condyloma.

• Cancer of the penis.

• Morbidity of modified prophylactic inguinal lymphadenectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.

• Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the penis with 5% imiquimod cream: a case report.

• Male and female circumcision in Canada.

• Male circumcision.

• Topical cidofovir for erythroplasia of Queyrat of the glans penis.

• Human papillomavirus and p53 protein immunoreactivity in condylomata acuminatum and squamous cell carcinoma of penis.

• [Precancerous and malign lesions and the risk of penis carcinoma]

• A lump in the penis.

• Secondary tumours of the penis.

1
UI - 3953697
AU - Sedlacek TV; Cunnane M; Carpiniello V
TI - Colposcopy in the diagnosis of penile condyloma.
SO - Am J Obstet Gynecol 1986 Mar;154(3):494-6
To determine the incidence of penile condyloma in a group of high-risk men, we carried out colposcopy and biopsy of suspicious lesions in 51 men. All men were partners of women with condyloma. Of these men, 45 were found to have histologic evidence of condyloma, and only eight of these had grossly visible disease.

2
UI - 12228756
AU - Pow-Sang MR; Benavente V; Pow-Sang JE; Morante C; Meza L; Baker M;
TI - Pow-Sang JM Cancer of the penis.
SO - Cancer Control 2002 Jul-Aug;9(4):305-14
AD - Department of Urology, Instituto de Enfermedades Neoplasicas Dr Eduardo Caceres Graziani, Lima, Peru. rosad@terra.com.pe
BACKGROUND: Cancer of the penis is an uncommon malignancy in developed countries, but the incidence is as high as 17% of all male cancers in some undeveloped countries. The surgical management of this disease has improved due to better knowledge of risk for metastasis and newer imaging technologies to assess the regional lymph nodes. METHODS: We review the literature on incidence, etiology, pathology, clinical presentation, staging, and management of penile cancer. We present our institutional experience with 160 patients who underwent extended ilioinguinal lymph node dissection, as well as with 7 patients who underwent a modified lymph node dissection. RESULTS: Better understanding of pathologic features allow for stratification of patients into low, intermediate, or high risk for lymph node involvement. Lymphatic mapping to this stratification improves selection of patients who might benefit from lymph node dissection after excision of the primary lesion. Our experience with lymph node dissection yielded a high incidence of positive lymph nodes when lymphadenopathy was present. The recent use of a modified lymph node dissection has minimized morbidity. Current chemotherapy agents are ineffective in this disease. CONCLUSIONS: Pathologic features of the primary lesion and the incorporation of lymphatic mapping have improved the selection of patients who might benefit from lymph node dissection. The use of a modified lymph node dissection in selected patients has decreased morbidity. Effective chemotherapy agents are needed in the management of advanced penile cancer.

3
UI - 12352399
AU - Coblentz TR; Theodorescu D
TI - Morbidity of modified prophylactic inguinal lymphadenectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis.
SO - J Urol 2002 Oct;168(4 Pt 1):1386-9
AD - Department of Urology, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, 22908, USA.
PURPOSE: Classic inguinal lymphadenectomy for penile cancer is associated with significant immediate and long-term sequelae limiting its use in the prophylactic setting. Preservation of the saphenous vein has been shown in the gynecological oncology literature to reduce the morbidity of inguinal lymphadenectomy. In addition, saphenous vein sparing coupled with thick skin flaps and limited lymphadenectomy for penile cancer has been associated with minimal morbidity. Reports on saphenous vein preservation in men undergoing inguinal lymphadenectomy are limited and, therefore, we reviewed our experience. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively 11 patients with stage pT1-T3 cN0 M0 grades I to III carcinoma of the penis or penile urethra who underwent bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy with saphenous vein sparing patients 1 underwent simultaneous penectomy and 10 had undergone a partial or total penectomy previously. Short-term and long-term postoperative complications were defined as minor-did not require significant medical intervention and included superficial skin edge sloughing, seroma and lymphocele, and major-skin edge or flap necrosis, wound infection, deep venous thrombosis or leg edema inhibiting return to pretreatment activities. RESULTS: Mean followup was 9 months. The saphenous vein was preserved in 19 groins and ligated in 3. Simultaneous bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy was performed in 5 patients. Nodal disease was found in 5 of 11 (45%) patients on pathological review. Minor short-term complications occurred in 8 of 22 (36%) groins, and major complications included deep venous thrombosis in 1 case and a small myocardial infarction in 1. There was no perioperative mortality. Lower extremity lymphedema requiring more than temporary (less than 6 months) support hose management did not occur in any patient. There were no inguinal recurrences during followup. CONCLUSIONS: Inguinal lymphadenectomy with saphenous vein sparing and thick skin flaps appears to offer excellent functional outcome in patients undergoing prophylactic bilateral inguinal lymphadenectomy for high risk disease. Early followup indicates that the local recurrence rate does not appear to increase compared to similar patients reported on in the literature treated with the classic dissection technique.

4
UI - 12271283
AU - Orengo I; Rosen T; Guill CK
TI - Treatment of squamous cell carcinoma in situ of the penis with 5% imiquimod cream: a case report.
SO - J Am Acad Dermatol 2002 Oct;47(4 Suppl):S225-8
AD - Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
A patient with widespread in situ squamous cell carcinoma of the glans penis was successfully managed with topical application of 5% imiquimod cream. Therapy with topical immune response modifiers may prove beneficial in cases of superficial cutaneous carcinoma and may, if future studies confirm our findings, play a role in settings in which more destructive techniques may result in cosmetic defects or functional impairment. The use of imiquimod for intraepithelial squamous cell carcinoma of the anogenital area seems particularly logical because of the strong correlation between this neoplasm and infection with human papillomavirus.

5
UI - 8305023
AU - Morgan K
TI - Male and female circumcision in Canada.
SO - CMAJ 1993 Nov 15;149(10):1382-3

6
UI - 7922925
AU - Jones M
TI - Male circumcision.
SO - CMAJ 1994 Oct 1;151(7):915-6

7
UI - 12174131
AU - Calista D
TI - Topical cidofovir for erythroplasia of Queyrat of the glans penis.
SO - Br J Dermatol 2002 Aug;147(2):399-400

8
UI - 11250799
AU - Zhang XH; Sun GQ; Yang Y; Zhang TH
TI - Human papillomavirus and p53 protein immunoreactivity in condylomata acuminatum and squamous cell carcinoma of penis.
SO - Asian J Androl 2001 Mar;3(1):75-7
AD - Department of Pathology, General Hospital of Nanjing Command, China.
AIM: To determine the immunoreactive pattern of human papillomavirus (HPV) antigen and p53 protein in condylomata acuminatum (CA) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of penis. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry for HPV and p53 were performed in 40 specimens of formalin fixed, paraffin embedded tissues using a polyclonal (rabbit) antibody against HPV and a monoclonal (mouse) antibody against human p53 protein. Twenty one cases of CA and nineteen cases of SCC were examined. RESULTS: HPV antigen was detected in all 21 CA and 2 penile SCC. p53 protein overexpression was observed in 12 of 19 (63%) SCC in which 6 cases were strong positive. Five of 21 CA (24%) showed low-grade p53 protein overexpression. CONCLUSION: CA is related to HPV infection and some cases show p53 protein low-grade overexpression. In contrast, p53 protein overexpression is common in penile SCC, which is seldom related to HPV infection.

9
UI - 12238172
AU - Majamaa H; Reunala T
TI - [Precancerous and malign lesions and the risk of penis carcinoma]
SO - Duodecim 2002;118(9):937-40
AD - TAYS:n iho- ja sukupuolitautien klinikka PL 2000, 33521 Tampere.

10
UI - 11773353
AU - Harper M; Arya M; Shah PJ
TI - A lump in the penis.
SO - J R Soc Med 2002 Jan;95(1):38-9
AD - Institute of Urology, 48 Riding House Street, London W1W 7EY, UK.

11
UI - 11872774
AU - Bates AW; Baithun SI
TI - Secondary tumours of the penis.
SO - J R Soc Med 2002 Mar;95(3):162-3

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