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Abramson Cancer CenterNCI CANCERLIT® Search: Penile Cancer - October 2001
National Cancer Institute®
Last Modified: November 21, 2001
Table of Contents
1
UI - 21382610
AU - Mazza ON; Cheliz GM
TI -
Glanuloplasty with scrotal flap for partial penectomy.
SO - J Urol 2001 Sep;166(3):887-9
AD - Catedra de Urologia at Universidad de Buenos Aires, Hospital Aleman,
Buenos Aires, Argentina.
PURPOSE: Reconstructing a penile stump secondary to trauma or cancer
should result in satisfactory penile function and appearance. The lack
of penile skin, stump retraction in the scrotum and stenosis of the
neomeatus must be resolved in these cases. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A
2-stage surgical technique with a scrotal flap was used in 34 patients
with a mean age of 43.2 years to reconstruct the glans. Mean followup
was 73.2 months. After penectomy a scrotal flap was designed and its
distal extreme was transferred to the penile stump. The urethral end was
sutured to a hole in the scrotal flap and the flap borders were sutured
to the adjacent albuginea. The flap pedicle was resected 4 to 6 weeks
later. RESULTS: Patient recovery was characterized by a normal-appearing
penis and unobstructed urinary flow. Definite depilation of the neoglans
was required in 17.6% of cases. Partial necrosis of 2 flaps (5.8%)
required grafts. Sexual potency was preserved in 7 men (20.5%). In 1
case (2.9%) urethral meatal stenosis resolved with minor surgical
procedures. CONCLUSIONS: This technique enables us to design a neoglans
with acceptable function and appearance, no penile retraction,
satisfactory voiding and in certain cases possible intercourse with
vaginal penetration.
2
UI - 21382638
AU - Dimitriou RJ; Coogan CL
TI -
Squamous cell carcinoma of the phallus in a patient with congenital
adrenal hyperplasia.
SO - J Urol 2001 Sep;166(3):990-1
AD - Department of Urology, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center,
Chicago, IL, USA.
3
UI - 21425282
AU - Al-Mashat F; Sibiany A; Rakha S; Olumide F
TI -
Penile metastasis from rectal carcinoma.
SO - Saudi Med J 2000 Apr;21(4):379-81
AD - Department of Surgery, College of Medicine & Allied Sciences, King Abdul
Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
We are presenting a 65-year old patient with metastatic carcinoma of the
penis which was discovered 19 months after abdomino-perineal resection
for rectal cancer (Duke A). There was also metastasis in the perineum
and one rib. Penile biopsy and cavernosography were carried out and
established the metastatic nature. The patient declined further therapy
and died 5 months after diagnosis.
4
UI - 21384222
AU - Doehn C; Baumgartel M; Jocham D
TI -
[Surgical therapy of penis carcinoma]
SO - Urologe A 2001 Jul;40(4):303-7
AD - Klinik und Poliklinik fur Urologie, Medizinische Universitat,
Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lubeck. doehn@medinf.mu-luebeck.de
Primary therapy of penile cancer (carcinoma in situ/T1 tumors) consists
of circumcision, microsurgical excision, application of 5-fluorouracil
cream, radiation, or laser treatment. In cases of larger T1 tumors or T2
and distal T3 tumors, partial penectomy with a 2-cm margin of clearance
is mandatory. Secondary therapy includes inguinal lymphadenectomy 4-6
weeks after primary treatment and antibiotic prophylaxis. Independent
prognostic factors for the presence of lymph node metastases are T stage
and grading. Only patients with noninvasive G1 or G2 tumors and
nonpalpable inguinal lymph nodes are candidates for surveillance with
careful follow-up. Inguinal lymphadenectomy is performed in a radical or
modified (Catalona) manner. Sentinel biopsy (Cabanas) may regain
importance with the use of gamma probes. Complication rates of inguinal
lymphadenectomy correlate to the extent of the procedure and must be
weighed against the possibility of cure with lymphadenectomy. In cases
of inguinal lymph node metastasis, removal of the iliac lymph nodes
(one- or two-step procedure) is necessary.
5
UI - 21384223
AU - Mahlmann B; Doehn C; Feyerabend T
TI -
[Radiotherapy of penis carcinoma]
SO - Urologe A 2001 Jul;40(4):308-12
AD - Klinik fur Strahlentherapie und Nuklearmedizin, Medizinische
Universitat, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lubeck.
Penile cancer is rare. Thus, there are no therapeutic recommendations
fulfilling the requirements of evidence-based medicine. The empirically
based therapeutic approach consists of local excision, laser therapy, or
radiotherapy with comparable local control rates. Radiation is delivered
by external beam radiotherapy or as brachytherapy. After radiotherapy,
5-year survival rates of 66-92% and organ preservation in 55-84% are
reported. Serious long-term sequelae are necrosis (3-23%) and urethral
stenosis (6-45%) requiring surgery. In the adjuvant treatment of the
locoregional lymph nodes, lymphadenectomy and radiotherapy of both
inguinal regions are therapeutic options. Inguinal lymph node metastases
may be irradiated pre- or postoperatively to reduce the local recurrence
rates. In addition, palliative radiotherapy of the primary tumor, lymph
node, or distant metastases is of use for incurable patients. New
combined therapies, e.g., radiochemothermotherapy, are currently under
clinical evaluation and may offer a curative and organ-preserving
therapeutic option to patients with locally advanced tumors.
6
UI - 21384224
AU - Doehn C; Feyerabend T
TI -
[Radiochemotherapy of penis carcinoma]
SO - Urologe A 2001 Jul;40(4):313-4
AD - Klinik und Poliklinik fur Urologie, Medizinische Universitat,
Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lubeck. doehn@medinf.mu-luebeck.de
Some authors report successful use of radiochemotherapy in patients with
penile cancer. The most promising chemotherapeutic agents in penile
cancer are cisplatin, methotrexate, bleomycin, vinblastine, and
vincristine. There are different protocols for the use of
chemotherapeutic agents such as mono- or polychemotherapy in combination
with radiotherapy. Operative treatment is still the primary approach in
patients with penile cancer. However, in some patients with relevant
co-morbidity who wish to receive organ-sparing therapy,
radiochemotherapy may be applied when low-stage tumors (carcinoma in
situ or T1) are present. There is no chemotherapeutic agent of choice to
be recommended. The results of radiochemotherapy in patients with T2
tumors or higher are not satisfactory because local tumor control often
cannot be achieved.
7
UI - 21295641
AU - Micali G; Nasca MR; Innocenzi D
TI -
Lichen sclerosus of the glans is significantly associated with penile
carcinoma.
SO - Sex Transm Infect 2001 Jun;77(3):226
8
UI - 21423099
AU - Izquierdo MJ; Pastor MA; Carrasco L; Moreno C; Kutzner H; Sangueza OP;
TI -
Requena L
Epithelioid blue naevus of the genital mucosa: report of four cases.
SO - Br J Dermatol 2001 Sep;145(3):496-501
AD - Department of Dermatology, Fundacion Jimenez Diaz, Universidad Autonoma,
Avda. Reyes Catolicos 2, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
Epithelioid blue naevi are an unusual cytological variant of blue naevus
that have been recently described mostly in patients with the Carney
complex, although they may also occur in isolation. This variant of blue
naevus is composed of melanin-laden polygonal epithelioid melanocytes
situated within the dermis. The neoplastic cells show no maturation with
progressive depth of dermal infiltration and, in contrast with the usual
stromal changes in blue naevi, epithelioid blue naevi exhibit no dermal
fibrosis. We describe four cases of epithelioid blue naevus located on
the genital mucosa in four patients with no evidence of the Carney
complex. Three male patients showed an epithelioid blue naevus on the
mucosa of the glans penis and a female patient had a lesion of the right
labium minoris. Histopathologically, the lesions consisted of entirely
intradermal melanocytic naevi composed mostly of heavily pigmented
epithelioid melanocytes involving the dermis of the genital mucosa.
Immunohistochemically, in all cases, epithelioid melanocytes expressed
immunoreactivity for S-100 protein, HMB-45, Melan-A and MiTF antibodies.
9
UI - 21473866
AU - Horenblas S
TI -
Lymphadenectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. Part 1:
diagnosis of lymph node metastasis.
SO - BJU Int 2001 Sep;88(5):467-72
AD - Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van
Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. shor@nki.nl
10
UI - 21473867
AU - Horenblas S
TI -
Lymphadenectomy for squamous cell carcinoma of the penis. Part 2: the
role and technique of lymph node dissection.
SO - BJU Int 2001 Sep;88(5):473-83
AD - Department of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van
Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. shor@nki.nl
11
UI - 99296811
AU - Chindripu AP; Gana BM; Taube M
TI -
A urethral duplication cyst complicated by a squamous cell carcinoma.
SO - BJU Int 1999 Jun;83(9):1073-4
AD - Department of Urology, West Wales General Hospital, Carmarthen, UK.
12
UI - 21264293
AU - Mobilio G; Ficarra V
TI -
Genital treatment of penile carcinoma.
SO - Curr Opin Urol 2001 May;11(3):299-304
AD - Department of Urology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Squamous penile carcinoma is an uncommon neoplastic disease with an
incidence of one in 100 000 men per year in Western countries. The role
of penile-sparing treatment represents one of the three main issues in
management of squamous carcinoma of the penis. Most authors consider
conservative therapy as an indicated alternative treatment to partial or
total penectomy in small size, low stage and grade tumours. At present,
external or interstitial beam radiotherapy and lasertherapy represent
the best available conservative therapeutic approaches. Another issue is
the role of prophylactic inguinal lymphadenectomy in patients with
negative palpable nodes. An early inguinal lymphadenectomy is indicated
especially in patients with a high occult nodal micrometastases risk (G3
and pT2-4). The third point of discussion is represented by the use of
chemotherapy in patients with metastatic disease. In this stage of
disease, polychemotherapy with cisplatin, methotrexate and bleomycin
seems to be more effective. The small number of patients investigated
and the rapid evolution of the disease make it extremely difficult to
carry out suitable perspective studies.
13
UI - 21298139
AU - Tsen HF; Morgenstern H; Mack T; Peters RK
TI -
Risk factors for penile cancer: results of a population-based
case-control study in Los Angeles County (United States).
SO - Cancer Causes Control 2001 Apr;12(3):267-77
AD - Department of Healthcare Administration, Fooyin Institute of Technology,
Daliao, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC. tsenghf@cc.fy.edu.tw
The etiology of penile cancer is poorly understood, with neonatal
circumcision being one of the few recognized nondemographic risk
factors. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyze interview data
from 100 matched case-control pairs; cases of carcinoma in situ (CIS)
and invasive carcinoma of the penis were analyzed separately as well as
together. Phimosis was strongly associated with invasive carcinoma
(adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 16; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 4.5-57)
but not CIS (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 0.32-7.8), and these associations
persisted when the analyses were restricted to uncircumcised subjects.
Neonatal circumcision was inversely associated with invasive carcinoma
(OR = 0.41; 95% CI = 0.13-1.1) but not CIS, and the observed association
with invasive carcinoma was weakened appreciably when the analysis was
restricted to subjects with no history of phimosis (OR = 0.79; 95% CI =
0.29-2.6). Other factors positively associated with invasive carcinoma
or CIS or both were injury to the penis, cigarette smoking, physical
inactivity and, to a lesser extent, genital warts and other infections
or inflammation of the penis. Conclusions: Although many effects were
imprecisely estimated in this study, the protective effect of
circumcision on invasive penile cancer appears to be mediated in large
part by phimosis; furthermore, the effects of certain factors such as
phimosis and circumcision appear to differ for CIS and invasive
carcinoma.
14
UI - 21470106
AU - van Bezooijen BP; Horenblas S; Meinhardt W; Newling DW
TI -
Laser therapy for carcinoma in situ of the penis.
SO - J Urol 2001 Nov;166(5):1670-1
AD - Free University Medical Center and The Netherlands Cancer
Institute-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
PURPOSE: Carcinoma in situ of the penis, also referred to as Bowen's
disease or erythroplasia of Queyrat, may lead to invasive squamous cell
carcinoma. We assessed the results of laser therapy for carcinoma in
situ of the penis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From 1986 to 2000 we treated
19 patients with carcinoma in situ of the penis with the neodymium:YAG
or carbon dioxide laser. Treatment was assessed retrospectively. No
patient was lost to followup. RESULTS: No complications developed and
cosmesis was excellent. After 2 to 4 months 3 patients (16%) received
repeat treatment because of incomplete disappearance of the lesion. Mean
followup was 32 months. True carcinoma in situ recurrent in 5 patients
(26%) at an average followup of 25 months (range 6 to 75), while 1 had
infiltrating carcinoma. All patients with carcinoma in situ underwent
repeat laser treatment. CONCLUSIONS: In our experience laser therapy is
appropriate initial treatment for carcinoma in situ of the penis with
excellent cosmetic and functional results. This therapy is also suited
for recurrence without the need for more mutilating therapy. However,
the high incidence of recurrence indicates the need for careful followup
and patient self-examination.
15
UI - 21470147
AU - Southwick A; Rigby O; Daily M; Noyes RD
TI -
Malignant melanoma of the penis and sentinel lymph node biopsy.
SO - J Urol 2001 Nov;166(5):1833
AD - Department of Urology, LDS Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
The above citations and abstracts reflect those newly added to CANCERLIT for the month and topic listed in the title. The citations have been retrieved from CANCERLIT using a predefined search strategy of indexed subject terms. Although the search strategy has been refined as best as possible, citations may appear that are not directly related to the topic, and occasionally relevant references may be omitted.
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