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NCI CANCERLIT® Search: Mouth Cancer - April 2002
National Cancer Institute®
Last Modified: April 1, 2002
Table of Contents
1
UI - 11885261
AU - Lopez de Blanc S; Gendelman H; Itoiz ME; Lanfranchi H
TI -
Study of the vascular pattern in oral lichen planus.
SO - Acta Odontol Latinoam 1996;9(1):27-36
AD - Department of Oral Pathology, School of Dentistry, National University
of Cordoba.
Oral Lichen Planus is a relatively frequent disease. Its
etiopathogenesis is still unknown and it can undergo malignant
transformation during its evolution. Thus, data which could contribute
to the knowledge of the biology of this disease are particularly
significant. The present study involves a quantitative evaluation of the
vascular pattern of oral lichen planus. A portion of biopsy specimens
taken for histopathologic diagnosis was processed to mark vascular walls
using the histoenzymic technique for ATPase activity demonstration.
Stained Sections were then evaluated in a semi-automatic magnetic image
analyser. The stereologic parameters studied, showed there is no
vascular increase in lichen with regard to normal mucosae or
leukoplakias, since the number of vascular walls did not show
significant differences. Instead, a significant increase was observed in
the vascular area. The association of these parameters, indicates that
lichen is a more congestive lesion than the other two conditions
studied. These findings indicate that the modifications of the vascular
pattern could play a role in the etiopathogenesis of oral lichen planus
and suggest that the observation of these changes could be a useful
element in the histopathologic diagnosis.
2
UI - 11885242
AU - Femopase FL; Binagui MV; Lopez de Blanc S; Gandolfo M; Lanfranchi HE
TI -
A comparative study of oral lichen planus and leukoplakia in two
Argentine populations.
SO - Acta Odontol Latinoam 1997;10(2):89-99
AD - Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, National
University of Cordoba.
Oral Lichen Planus and Leukoplakia are two precancerous lesions of great
relevance in oral pathology. A total of 4183 patients from the National
University of Cordoba (UNC) and 4838 patients from the University of
Buenos Aires (UBA) who had been admitted to the corresponding Oral
Pathology Departments were analyzed. Of the total number of patients,
476 corresponded to Lichen Planus cases and 418 to Leukoplakia cases. Of
the 476 Lichen Planus cases, 330 came from UBA and 146 from UNC, whereas
of the 418 cases of Leukoplakia, 284 came from UNC and 134 from UBA.
These differences were statistically significant (p < 0.02).
Distribution according to sex and age was similar for Lichen Planus and
Leukoplakia patients from both Oral Pathology Departments. The
association between diabetes and Lichen Planus was similar for both
centers, 11.5% for UNC and 14% for UBA. Similarly, no differences were
found in terms of the association with tobacco consumption and dental
microtrauma. Twenty-two percent of UNC patients were smokers whereas
only 11% of UBA patients were smokers. This finding could explain the
larger amount of Leukoplakia in UNC. The differences in the incidence of
Lichen Planus could be attributed to the fact that the Buenos Aires
population is under greater stress and the higher incidence of
Leukoplakia in UNC could be related to the smoking habits of this
population.
3
UI - 11776920
AU - Zhang Z; Qiu W
TI -
[Craniofacial resection for advanced malignant tumors in oral and
maxillofacial region]
SO - Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 1999 May;34(3):133-5
AD - School of Stomatology, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai
200011.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the clinical significance of craniofacial
resection for advanced malignant tumors of OMS region. METHODS:
Forty-six patients underwent craniofacial resection for malignancies
involving the anterior and middle cranial fossa over a 20-year period
The extents of cranial resections were anterior cranial fossa in 20
cases, middle crania fossa in 16 cases and anterior and middle skull
base in 10 cases. There were 18 patients undergoing orbital exenteration
simultaneously. 14 cases had limitted dura resected because of dural
involvement. RESULTS: The survival rate at 3 and 5 years was 48.8%
(20/41) and 35.1% (13/37), respectively. The survival rate at 10 years
was 20.0% (4/20). CONCLUSION: Our results revealed a considerably fine
prospect of craniofacial resection for patients with advanced
malignancies in oral and maxillofacial region.
4
UI - 11794741
AU - Williams DW; Bartie KL; Potts AJ; Wilson MJ; Fardy MJ; Lewis MA
TI -
Strain persistence of invasive Candida albicans in chronic hyperplastic
candidosis that underwent malignant change.
SO - Gerodontology 2001 Dec;18(2):73-8
AD - Department of Oral Surgery, Medicine and Pathology, Dental School,
University of Wales College of Medicine, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
williamsDD@cardiff.ac.uk
OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to assess persistence and tissue
invasion of Candida albicans strains isolated from a 65 year-old patient
with chronic hyperplastic candidosis (CHC), that subsequently developed
into squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: C. albicans
(n=7) were recovered from the oral cavity of the patient over seven
years. Confirmation of CHC and SCC in this patient was achieved by
histopathological examination of incisional biopsy tissue. DNA
fingerprinting was performed on the seven isolates from the CHC patient
together with a further eight isolates from patients with normal oral
mucosa (n=2), chronic atrophic candidosis (n=1), SCC (n=1) and CHC
(n=4). Genotyping involved the use of inter-repeat PCR using the
eukaryotic repeat primer 1251. Characterisation of the tissue invasive
abilities of the isolates was achieved by infecting a commercially
available reconstituted human oral epithelium (RHE; SkinEthic, Nice,
France). After 24 h, C. albicans tissue invasion was assessed by
histopathological examination. RESULTS: DNA fingerprinting demonstrated
strain persistence of C. albicans in the CHC patient over a seven year
period despite provision of systemic antifungal therapy. The strain of
C. albicans isolated from this patient was categorised as a high invader
within the RHE compared to other isolates. CONCLUSIONS: Candidal strain
persistence was evident in a patient with CHC over seven years. This
persistence may be due to incomplete eradication from the oral cavity
following antifungal therapy or subsequent recolonisation from other
body sites or separate exogenous sources. The demonstration of enhanced
in vitro tissue invasion by this particular strain may, in part, explain
the progression to carcinoma.
5
UI - 11905312
AU - Ghali GE; Sikes JW
TI -
Lateral mandibulectomy and partial glossectomy with plate application.
SO - Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 1997 Sep;5(2):1-14
AD - Department of Surgery, Divisions of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery,
Louisiana State University Medical Center, Shreveport, Louisiana, USA.
The goals of composite resection with reconstruction plate application
include removal of the primary tumor, any compromised portions of the
mandible, and any involved lymph-bearing tissue. Recent advances in
surgical technique and reconstruction have made this treatment a more
appealing choice for patients. Although microvascular free flaps may be
the treatment of choice in the younger patient with an excellent
prognosis, the use of reconstruction plates with a myocutaneous flap
remains a viable alternative for many patients with oral cancer.
Regardless of the reconstructive technique utilized, both functional and
aesthetic parameters must be addressed in treatment planning for
patients with head and neck cancer.
6
UI - 11905314
AU - Carlson ER; Layne JM
TI -
The pectoralis major myocutaneous flap for reconstruction of soft-tissue
oncologic defects.
SO - Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 1997 Sep;5(2):15-35
AD - University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami Veterans Administration
Medical Center, Miami, Florida, USA.
7
UI - 11905315
AU - Pogrel MA
TI -
Anterior floor of mouth resection with marginal mandibulectomy.
SO - Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 1997 Sep;5(2):37-54
AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of
California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
8
UI - 11905316
AU - Dierks EJ; Karakourtis MH
TI -
Segmental resection of the anterior mandibular arch with fibular
microvascular reconstruction.
SO - Atlas Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 1997 Sep;5(2):55-73
AD - Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oregon Health Sciences
University, Legacy Emanuel Hospital, Portland, Oregon, USA.
Segmental mandibular resection should be undertaken if there is a
demonstrable invasion by cancer or if such invasion is suspected. Before
the advent of microvascular free flaps, immediate osseous reconstruction
of the anterior mandible was technically demanding and unreliable.
Mandibular reconstruction with microvascular free flaps is no longer a
novelty, nor is it reserved for unusually large resections. It has
become the method of choice for the immediate reconstruction of defects
resulting from mandibular cancer. This technique is particularly
well-suited for defects of the anterior mandibular arch.
9
UI - 11915732
AU - Maruoka Y; Ando T; Hoshino M; Ogiuchi Y; Nishihara N; Okamoto T; Fukada
TI -
K; Kuwazawa T; Ogiuchi H
[Combination chemotherapy with nedaplatin (CDGP) and 5-FU for oral
cancer]
SO - Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2002 Mar;29(3):421-5
AD - Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Medicine, Tokyo
Women's Medical University.
Chemotherapy using CDGP plus 5-FU was evaluated in patients with oral
cancer. The subjects were patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the
oral cavity who had not received any therapy, comprising 7 patients with
carcinoma of the tongue, 2 with buccal carcinoma, 2 with maxillary
gingival carcinoma, and 1 with carcinoma of the oral floor. There were 4
patients in Stage II, 3 patients in Stage III and 5 patients in Stage
IV. Patients with a PS < or = 1, WBC > or = 4,000/mm3, Hb > or = 10
g/dl, platelet count > or = 10 x 10/mm3, and normal liver, kidney, and
heart function at baseline were selected for this study. In all
patients, 5-FU was administered at a dose of 600 mg/m2/day for 5 days
(day 1 to day 5) by continuous infusion, for a total dose of 3,000
mg/m2. CDGP was administered on day 1 at a dose of 80 mg/m2 in 8
patients and at 100 mg/m2 in 4 patients. This treatment was one course
of therapy, and patients received 1 or 2 courses. Of 12 patients who
were evaluable, there were 9 partial responses and 3 no changes, for a
major response rate of 75%. Toxicities experienced by patients were mild
(grade 2 or lower) gastrointestinal disorders (including
nausea/vomiting) and renal impairment, while grade 3 leukopenia and
thrombocytopenia developed in 1 patient each and grade 4
thrombocytopenia occurred in another patient. Thus, patients receiving
CDGP + 5-FU therapy should be closely monitored for hematologic
toxicity. Since CDGP + 5-FU therapy achieved a good response rate (75%)
in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the oral cavity, we plan
to use this therapy in the future and assess its benefit in a larger
number of patients.
10
UI - 11915741
AU - Adachi M; Shibata A; Hayashi M; Satoh D; Miyasaka T; Yanai C; Kawatsu N;
TI -
Yagishita H; Ogino Y; Yamashita N; Suzuki M
[Combined preoperative therapy for oral cancer with nedaplatin and
radiation]
SO - Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2002 Mar;29(3):465-7
AD - Clinical Center for Oral and Maxillofacial Oncology, Nippon Dental
University Hospital.
We performed preoperative combined therapy using nedaplatin (CDGP) and
radiation in 12 patients with squamous cell carcinoma originating from
the oral cavity and maxillary sinus, and examined for any adverse events
that may have occurred during this therapeutic regimen. Regarding the
irradiation, external irradiation utilizing a 6 MV linac (linear
accelerator) at a dose of 2.0 Gy/day was performed 5 times a week, with
the target total radiation dose set at 40 Gy. In addition, CDGP was
intravenously administered 30 minutes before irradiation at a dose of 5
mg/m2/day. Mucositis was observed in all 12 subjects, however, the
severity was observed to be grade 1-2 with no major differences in
comparison to the patients given standard radiation monotherapy. Two
subjects developed grade 3 leucopenia and were thus given granulocyte
colony stimulating factor (G-CSF). In addition, grade 2 and grade 3
thrombocytopenia were both observed in one subject each. The subject
with grade 3 thrombocytopenia required a platelet transfusion during
surgery. No marked changes in serum creatinine levels were noted. These
findings are therefore considered to provide evidence supporting the
safety of this combination therapy.
11
UI - 10475657
AU - Califano L; Zupi A; Mangone GM; Longo F; Coscia G; Piombino P
TI -
Surgical management of the neck in squamous cell carcinoma of the
tongue.
SO - Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1999 Aug;37(4):320-3
AD - School of Medicine and Surgery, Department of Maxillofacial Surgery,
Federico II University of Naples, Italy. califano@unina.it
If the nodes are involved, survival of patients with squamous cell
carcinoma of the tongue is considerably reduced. Surgery remains the
treatment of choice and, to define its role, we have reviewed 82
consecutive cases. Sixty-two cases (76%) were T1-2, and 46 patients
(56%) had involved nodes. The cervical region II was the most often
involved (n=26). Occult nodal metastases were present in 12 cases. The
extent of nodal spread and prognosis varies according to whether the
body or the base of the tongue is involved. Lesions of the base with
involved node should be treated by a selective posterolateral neck
dissection, whilst in the case of a lesion of the body of the tongue,
the dissection should be selective anterolateral. In lesions of the
base, when there are no nodes involved, a prophylactic selective
posterolateral neck dissection is recommended, whilst in the case of the
lesions of the body, selective supraomohyoid neck dissection in T2-4
lesions is recommended.
12
UI - 10922179
AU - Kerawala CJ
TI -
Clearance of level IV in squamous carcinoma of the tongue.
SO - Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2000 Aug;38(4):404
13
UI - 11484284
AU - Dimov Zh; Dimov K; Kr'stev N; Kr'stev D; Baeva M; Baeva N; Yar'mov N
TI -
[Dermoid, epidermoid and teratoma cysts of the tongue and oral cavity
floor]
SO - Khirurgiia (Sofiia) 2000;56(2):30-2
Most dermoid cysts in the oral cavity floor are derived from epithelial
debris or rests, enclaved during midline closure of the bilateral first
and second branchial arches. They may also result from ectodermal
differentiation of multipotential cells, most likely pinched off at the
time of anterior neuropore closure. Congenital epidermoid cysts and
teratomata of the tongue may be explained in a similar manner. Only 6.9
per cent of dermoid cysts observed in humans involve the head and neck
regions. Treatment consists in complete surgical removal, with excellent
prognosis in cases free of complications. This is a report on a rare
case of epidermoid cyst, described because of its unusual location and
cell population variation of the epithelium lining the cystic cavity.
14
UI - 11900224
AU - Chang HW; Chow V; Lam KY; Wei WI; Yuen A
TI -
Loss of E-cadherin expression resulting from promoter hypermethylation
in oral tongue carcinoma and its prognostic significance.
SO - Cancer 2002 Jan 15;94(2):386-92
AD - Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital,
SAR China.
BACKGROUND: E-cadherin is expressed on the surface of normal epithelial
cells. Loss of E-cadherin expression has been found in cancers and is
postulated to facilitate tumor cell dissociation and metastasis. This
study evaluated the role of promoter dense methylation in the
downregulation of E-cadherin expression in oral tongue carcinoma.
METHODS: E-cadherin expression of 109 oral tongue carcinomas (93 primary
tumors, 7 locally recurrent tumors, and 9 metastatic lymph nodes) was
evaluated by immunohistochemical staining of tumor tissues. The
methylation status of the CpG islands at the promoter region of
E-cadherin which flanked five HpaII (methylation sensitive restriction
enzyme) digestion sites were evaluated by methylation sensitive
polymerase chain reaction in 86 tumors (70 primary tumors, 7 locally
recurrent tumors, and 9 metastatic lymph nodes). RESULTS:
Underexpression of E-cadherin was found in 83% of primary tumors, 86% of
recurrent tumors, and 89% of nodal metastases. Hypermethylated
E-cadherin promoter was found in 64% of primary tumors, 71% of recurrent
tumors, and 67% of nodal metastases. Downregulation of E-cadherin
expression was found to be related to promoter hypermethylation.
Consistently weak expression of E-cadherin by promoter hypermethylation
was observed in primary tumors, their corresponding metastatic lymph
nodes, and recurrent tumors. Downregulation of E-cadherin expression was
a significant poor prognostic factor for survival. CONCLUSIONS:
Methylation of CpG sites at the promoter region played a key role in the
inhibition of E-cadherin expression in both primary oral tongue
carcinomas and their corresponding recurrences and nodal metastases. The
resulting downregulation of E-cadherin expression had adverse effects on
the prognosis of patients who were treated by primary surgery.
15
UI - 11585392
AU - Au-Yeung KM; Ahuja AT; Ching AS; Metreweli C
TI -
Dentascan in oral imaging.
SO - Clin Radiol 2001 Sep;56(9):700-13
AD - Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Organ Imaging, Prince of Wales
Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
auyekm@hotmail.com
In the past, dental disease and lesions involving the jaw were either
evaluated by plain radiography or tomography. The advent of spiral
computed tomography (CT) and DentaScan is changing the imaging trend. It
is now not only used for pre-implant assessment but also in the
diagnosis of lesions affecting the jaw. This pictorial review discusses
the role of DentaScan in the various abnormalities that may affect the
mandible and maxilla. Copyright 2001 The Royal College of Radiologists.
16
UI - 11788901
AU - Araki D; Uzawa K; Watanabe T; Shiiba M; Miyakawa A; Yokoe H; Tanzawa H
TI -
Frequent allelic losses on the short arm of chromosome 1 and decreased
expression of the p73 gene at 1p36.3 in squamous cell carcinoma of the
oral cavity.
SO - Int J Oncol 2002 Feb;20(2):355-60
AD - Department of Clinical Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine,
Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan.
Frequent loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on the short arm of chromosome 1
(1p) has been reported in a series of human malignancies. To investigate
the possible existence of tumor suppressor locus (or loci), we examined
41 primary oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) for LOH using a panel
of 15 polymorphic microsatellite markers located on 1p. LOH was observed
in 30 of 41 cases (73%) that were informative for at least one of the
loci analyzed. Two distinct regions of common allelic loss were
identified: a distal region at D1S243 (1p36.3), and proximal region at
D1S160 (1p36.1). In addition, the possible involvement of the p73, a
candidate tumor suppressor gene located on 1p36.3, was also evaluated.
Polymerase chain reaction-single strand conformation polymorphism
(PCR-SSCP) analysis revealed no mutation of the gene in all samples
analyzed (n=41). On the other hand, semi-quantitative reverse
transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) demonstrated that 25% of primary tumors
(n=20) had absent or reduced mRNA expression of the p73 gene. All cases
showing down-regulation of the p73 gene were clinically classified as
stage IV, but we could not detect any LOH at the gene locus in the same
samples. Furthermore, re-expression of the p73 gene mRNA was induced in
OSCC-derived cell lines showing down-regulation of the gene expression
after treatment with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine, a DNA demethylating agent.
These findings suggest that there may be at least two distinct tumor
suppressor genes inactivated by allelic deletion on 1p31.1 and 1p31.3,
respectively. In addition, the p73 gene could be inactivated by the
methylation-dependent silencing of this gene, and associated with the
tumor progression of human OSCC.
17
UI - 11908337
AU - Righini C; Mouret P; Wu D; Blanchet C; Reyt E
TI -
[Is hepatic ultrasonography necessary in the initial check-up of
patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the upper respiratory and
digestive tract?]
SO - Ann Otolaryngol Chir Cervicofac 2001 Dec;118(6):359-64
AD - Service ORL, CHU de Grenoble, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble.
CRighini@chu-grenoble.fr
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The purpose of our study was to determine the
position and value of ultrasound scan of the liver in the initial
check-up of patients treated for a squamous cell carcinoma of the upper
respiratory and digestive tract. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Our study is
based on a retrospective review of 267 patients (249 males and 18
females) managed in the E.N.T. Department of Grenoble universitary
hospital from 1993 to 1995 for a upper respiratory and digestive tract
malignant tumor. No patient has been previously treated. The site of the
primary tumor was: the oropharynx (108 cases), the hypopharynx (88
cases), the oral cavity (44 cases), the larynx (20 cases), the
rhinopharynx (6 cases) and the cervical oesophagus (1 case). Endoscopic
procedure with biopsy was performed for all the patients. Histologic
examination revealed an invasive squamous cell carcinoma in all the
cases. The complete check up included a ultrasound scan of the liver and
a chest X-ray for all the patients. RESULTS: Ultrasound scan of the
liver revealed one or several metastases in 4 cases (1.5%). The primary
tumor was hypopharyngeal in 3 cases (2 stages III, 1 stage IV) and
oropharyngeal in 1 case (stage III). In three cases, carcinoma was
poorly differentiated. Ultrasound scan of the liver was doubtful for 8
patients (3%). The primary tumor was oropharyngeal in 6 cases (1 stage
I, 3 stages III, 2 stages IV), laryngeal in 1 case (stage III) and
hypopharyngeal in case (stage IV). In six cases carcinoma was well
differentiated. All the complementary examinations concluded to a benign
liver disease, with a mean diagnosis delay of 4 weeks for the 8
patients. The mean follow-up duration of the 8 patients was 22 months
(range 9 to 42 months). None presented any metastases during the follow
up. CONCLUSION: Our results compared with those of the literature
revealed that ultrasound scan of the liver is a few specific examination
which may be recommended for hypopharyngeal tumors, or for a large
cervical adenopathy (N2 or N3), a poor differentiated tumor wherever the
site of the primary tumor is.
18
UI - 11886342
AU - Schantz SP; Yu GP
TI -
Head and neck cancer incidence trends in young Americans, 1973-1997,
with a special analysis for tongue cancer.
SO - Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002 Mar;128(3):268-74
AD - Department of Otolaryngology, The New York Eye and Ear Infirmary, 310 E
14th St, New York, NY 10003, USA. sschantz@nyee.edu
OBJECTIVE: To examine the temporal changes in head and neck cancer in
young adults in the United States. METHODS: Using the cancer
surveillance database from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance,
Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program, we calculated age-adjusted
incidence rates for head and neck cancers. Using the joinpoint
regression model, we described tongue cancer incidence trends and
established the statistical significance of temporal changes. We also
compared changes in 5-year survival rates for tongue cancer. RESULTS:
From 1973 to 1997, there were 63 409 patients with head and neck cancer
in the 9 SEER registries. Of these, 3339 patients were younger than 40
years. The incidence of head and neck cancer remained stable in groups
older than 40 years comparing the 1973-1984 and 1985-1997 data. In
contrast, tongue cancer in adults younger than 40 years increased
approximately 60% during the same period. We detected a significant
increase until 1985, the estimated annual percentage change being 6.7%
(95% confidence interval, 2.7%-10.8%; P<.001). After 1985, incidence
rates stopped rising but remained steadily high. The change in tongue
cancer incidence rates for young adults was related to birth cohorts
between 1938 and 1948. The absolute increase in 5-year survival for
tongue cancer ranged from 11.7% (<40 years old) to 6.6% (40-64 years
old) between 1973-1984 and 1985-1997, with the most significant
improvement occurring in young Americans with regional or distant
disease (27% and 21%, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: A sharp increasing
trend in tongue cancer in young Americans may be attributed to persons
born after 1938. The reason for the increase is uncertain. Improved
survival rates in young patients suggest the emergence of a distinct
disease process that is apparent in white but not black populations.
19
UI - 11886352
AU - Taneja C; Allen H; Koness RJ; Radie-Keane K; Wanebo HJ
TI -
Changing patterns of failure of head and neck cancer.
SO - Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2002 Mar;128(3):324-7
AD - Department of Surgery, Roger Williams Medical Center, 825 Chalkstone
Ave, Providence, RI 02908, USA.
BACKGROUND: With the increased use of neoadjuvant therapy for advanced
stage squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck, we have observed an
apparent change in the pattern of failure from predominantly
locoregional sites to distant metastases. We reviewed the patterns of
failure in cancers of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx at our
institution during the last decade. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether
there has been a significant change in the patterns of recurrence from
the historical locoregional failure to distant sites, and whether this
change is associated with the increased use of multimodality therapy.
METHODS: We reviewed cancer registry data on patients with squamous cell
carcinoma of the head and neck diagnosed between January 1, 1988, and
December 31, 1999. Sites included the oral cavity and oropharynx
(including the tongue, floor of mouth, retromolar trigone, gingiva,
tonsil, and lip) and larynx. RESULTS: Among 432 patients with squamous
cell carcinoma of the head and neck, 280 (65%) had oral cavity and
oropharyngeal cancers, and 152 (35%) had laryngeal cancers. Overall, 19%
developed locoregional recurrence, and 8% developed distant failure.
Although locoregional failure for oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous
cell carcinoma decreased from 26% to 16% from 1988-1993 to 1994-1999,
distant failure increased significantly from 3% to 8%. During these
periods, multimodality therapy was used in 62% of oral cavity and
oropharyngeal cancers, and this rate remained essentially unchanged. For
laryngeal cancer, locoregional and distant failure remained stable at
18% and 9%, respectively. In these laryngeal cancers, the use of
multimodality therapy decreased from 60% to 46%, but this difference was
not statistically significant (P =.43). CONCLUSIONS: Although
locoregional control in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers has
improved significantly with the use of multimodality therapy, the
incidence of distant failure has doubled. In laryngeal squamous cell
carcinoma, the patterns of failure have not changed significantly.
20
UI - 11915298
AU - Yamamoto N; Noma H; Shibahara T
TI -
Allelic imbalance on the long arm of chromosome 21 in human oral
squamous cell carcinoma: relationship between allelic imbalances (LOH
and MSI) and clinicopathologic features.
SO - Bull Tokyo Dent Coll 2001 Nov;42(4):211-23
AD - First Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Tokyo Dental
College, 1-2-2 Masago, Mihama-ku, Chiba 261-8502, Japan.
Frequent allelic imbalances, including loss of heterozygosity (LOH) and
microsatellite instability (MSI), have been found on the long arm of
chromosome 21 (21q) in several types of human cancer. This study was
designed to identify the tumor suppressor locus (or loci) associated
with oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) on 21q. In order to understand
the details of genetic alterations on chromosome 21, we performed
polymerase chain reaction analysis of microsatellite polymorphisms
corresponding to ten loci on this chromosome. We examined forty primary
tumor tissues, forty corresponding normal tissues, and seven lymph node
metastatic tissues. We identified novel tumor suppressor loci in this
region in primary oral SCCs. To further determine the role of 21q
deletions in oral cavity carcinogenesis, forty oral SCCs were examined
for allelic imbalances (LOH or MSI) at 21q using ten microsatellite
markers. Among these forty patients, twenty-six (65%) showed LOH at one
or more loci. Deletion mapping of these tumors revealed four discrete,
commonly deleted regions on the chromosome arm. Furthermore, we detected
MSI in seventeen of those tested cases (42.5%). We compared our results
with the clinicopathologic features. A number of sites displaying LOH at
21q could be detected in early stage lesions, and the frequencies of LOH
tended to be higher in later clinical stages, but no statistical
correlation was observed. Our results strongly suggest that allelic
imbalances on 21q are involved in the development of oral SCC and that
at least four different putative tumor suppressor genes contributing to
the pathogenesis of this disease are present on 21q. Furthermore,
allelic loss on 21q appears to be a useful indicator for evaluating the
malignancy and prognosis of oral SCC, because the LOH of recurrent cases
was more frequent than that of non-recurrent ones.
21
UI - 10901080
AU - Sanner T; Dahl JE; Andersen A
TI -
[Cancer risks using snuff]
SO - Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2000 May 30;120(14):1669-71
AD - Avdeling for miljo- og yrkesbetinget kreft, Det Norske Radiumhospital,
Oslo.
22
UI - 11006747
AU - Steen T
TI -
[Unnuanced on cancer risk using snuff]
SO - Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen 2000 Aug 10;120(18):2191-2
23
UI - 11868322
AU - Klos A; Golabek W; Olszanski W; Siwiec H
TI -
[Free forearm skin flap with microvascular anastomosis for oral cavity
reconstruction]
SO - Otolaryngol Pol 2001;55(5):497-500
AD - Katedra i Klinika Otolaryngologii AM w Lublinie.
Free forearm skin-fascia flap was used in 8 patients for intraoral
reconstruction. Tissue defect was located in anterior part of the oral
cavity in three patients and in lateral part in 5 patients. In the first
three patients microvascular anastomosis was performed first and the
flap was sutured in the oral cavity later on. In one of these patients
the whole flap and in two patients about half of the flap necrotised. In
the next 5 patients oral defect was closed first and then
microanastomosis was done with good result in all the patients. We
advise the last type of reconstruction. Free forearm skin-fascia flap
provides good anatomical and functional result of reconstruction in the
oral cavity.
24
UI - 11868331
AU - Pabiszczak M; Banaszewski J; Szmeja Z; Szyfter K; Szyfter W
TI -
[Comparison of DNA adducts between oral, pharyngeal and larynx cancer]
SO - Otolaryngol Pol 2001;55(5):551-4
AD - Klinika Otolaryngologii Katedry Chorob Ucha, Nosa, Gardla i Krtani AM
im. K. Marcinkowskiego w Poznaniu.
The results concerning examination of DNA adducts in oral (23 patients),
pharyngeal (23 patients) and larynx cancer (10 patients) subjects are
presented. DNA adduct levels were compared in respect to anatomical
structure (primary tumour location), number of cigarettes smoked, TNM
stage, and age of patients. DNA was isolated from removed tissue (tumour
and non-tumour surrounding tissue) using detergent/phenol extraction.
32P-postlabelling assay including nuclease P1-enhancement modification
was applied. Aromatic DNA adducts were found in all studied tissues.
Total DNA adduct levels (tumour and non-tumour tissues) was lowest in
larynx cancer, higher in oral cancer and highest in pharyngeal cancer.
There were no influence of age into formation of DNA adducts. The higher
level of DNA adducts was found in tumour tissue of oral cancer in the
group of smokers with metastasis into lymph nodes.
25
UI - 11869202
AU - Huynh NT; Veness MJ
TI -
Basal cell carcinoma of the lip treated with radiotherapy.
SO - Australas J Dermatol 2002 Feb;43(1):15-9
AD - Department of Dermatology, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales,
Australia.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the lip is uncommon relative to other
cutaneous sites for BCC, such as the central face or scalp. A female
predisposition and predilection for the upper lip have been previously
documented. A retrospective analysis of patients treated for BCC of the
lip was undertaken within the department of Radiation Oncology, Westmead
Hospital, Sydney. Twenty patients were identified; 12 women and 8 men.
The majority (15/20) had T1 lesions of the upper lip (17/20). Eleven
patients were referred for radiotherapy alone and nine for adjuvant
radiotherapy following either incomplete excision or local recurrence.
With a mean follow up of 36 months no patient has recurred following
either definitive or adjuvant radiotherapy. Despite the majority of BCCs
of the lip being amenable to surgery fractionated external beam
radiotherapy remains an option especially when functional and/or
cosmetic concerns are an issue. We present the findings from this small
case series and use our findings to illustrate the role of radiotherapy
in treating BCC of the lip.
26
UI - 11563542
AU - Baillie R; Harada K; Carlile J; Macluskey M; Schor SL; Schor AM
TI -
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor in normal and tumour
oral tissues assessed with different antibodies.
SO - Histochem J 2001 May;33(5):287-94
AD - Oral Diseases Group, Dental School, University of Dundee, Scotland.
Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in oral tissues
was assessed using different antibodies. Quantitative and topographical
differences were observed between paraffin and cryostat sections. Two
polyclonal antibodies (PC36, PC37) differing in their cross-reactivity
with VEGF121 (not recognized by PC36), were used to stain serial
cryostat sections of normal oral mucosa (n = 8) and squamous cell
carcinoma (n = 7). The expression of VEGF in the epithelium was overall
higher with PC37 than with PC36, the difference being significant in
normal oral mucosa (p = 0.001) but not in squamous cell carcinoma
samples (p = 0.094). With PC36, VEGF expression was significantly higher
in squamous cell carcinoma than in normal oral mucosa specimens, whereas
the opposite was true with PC37. Our results suggest that the relative
levels of isoform 121 to that of 165 (and possibly others) may be
different in the tissues examined, with VEGF121 preferentially expressed
in normal oral mucosa. Previously published conflicting results may,
therefore, be due to the presence of variable ratios of VEGF isoforms in
the tissues examined, combined with differences in the cross-reactivity
of the antibodies used. VEGF isoforms 121, 165 and (for the first time)
189 were detected in two frozen oral tissues by polymerase chain
reaction amplification. Quantification of specific VEGF isoforms will be
required in future studies concerned with the clinical value of VEGF
expression.
27
UI - 11920302
AU - Giovannelli L; Campisi G; Lama A; Giambalvo O; Osborn J; Margiotta V;
TI -
Ammatuna P
Human papillomavirus DNA in oral mucosal lesions.
SO - J Infect Dis 2002 Mar 15;185(6):833-6
AD - Dipartimento di Igiene e Microbiologia, Universita di Palermo, Palermo,
Italy.
This study determined the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in
oral mucosa cells from 121 patients with different types of oral mucosal
lesions (13 squamous cell carcinomas, 59 potentially malignant lesions,
49 benign erosive ulcerative lesions) and from 90 control subjects. HPV
DNA was detected by nested polymerase chain reaction, and genotype was
determined by DNA sequencing. HPV prevalence was 61.5% in carcinomas,
27.1% in potentially malignant lesions, 26.5% in erosive ulcerative
lesions, and 5.5% in control subjects. The risk of malignant or
potentially malignant lesions was associated with HPV and was
statistically significant. HPV-18 was found in 86.5% of HPV-positive
lesions but was not associated with a particular type of lesion and was
found in 80% of the HPV-positive control subjects. HPV infection was
related to older age but not to sex, smoking, or alcohol use; the
presence of lesions in the oral cavity increased the risk of HPV
infection.
28
UI - 11799717
AU - Alvarez Lorenzo M; Blanco Carrion A; Antunez Lopez J; Gandara Vila P;
TI -
Garcia Garcia A; Gandara Rey JM
[Ultrastructural differences between leukoplakia with and without
dysplasia]
SO - Bull Group Int Rech Sci Stomatol Odontol 2001 May-Sep;43(2):37-45
AD - Medecine Orale et Maxillo-faciale de la Faculte d'Odontologie,
Universite de Saint-Jacques de Compostelle.
Leukoplakias with similar clinical appearances have presented with very
different histopathological characteristics. In this study we
investigate in depth the cellular ultrastructure of the tissues which
determines the clinical behaviour of these lesions.
29
UI - 11806482
AU - Flaitz CM
TI -
Peripheral ossifying fibroma of the maxillary gingiva.
SO - Am J Dent 2001 Feb;14(1):56
AD - Department of Stomatology, UT-Houston Dental Branch, Houston, TX
77030-3402, USA. cflaitz@mail.db.uth.tmc.edu
30
UI - 11910920
AU - Lee CY; Chun K; Shimonishi JJ; Hirata K; Ishimura SM
TI -
Non-Hodgkins lymphoma of the oral cavity associated with HIV infection.
SO - Hawaii Dent J 1994 Jun;25(6):6-7, 10-1
31
UI - 11891940
AU - Friedlander P; Caruana S; Singh B; Shaha A; Kraus D; Harrison L;
TI -
McKiernan J; Solan J; Polyak T; Shah JP
Functional status after primary surgical therapy for squamous cell
carcinoma of the base of the tongue.
SO - Head Neck 2002 Feb;24(2):111-4
AD - The Division of Head and Neck Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer
Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
INTRODUCTION: Quality-of-life analysis is essential in determining the
eventual outcome after treatment for head and neck cancer. This is
particularly important when functional sequelae of treatment cause
significant morbidity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the
functional status of a group of patients who had undergone primary
surgical therapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the base of the tongue.
METHODS: At our institution from 1979 to 1993, we identified 93 patients
who had undergone resection of the base of the tongue as primary
treatment for squamous cell carcinoma. Patients who required
laryngectomy were excluded from this group. Forty-eight survivors were
identified, and the questionnaires included the Performance Status Scale
for Head and Neck Cancer Patients (PSS) and the Karnofsky Performance
Status Scale (KPS). The data were reported numerically, with 0
representing the worst score and 100 representing the best score.
RESULTS: Twenty-six patients completed the questionnaires. There were 19
men and 7 women. Their mean survival time was 8.6 years. Two patients
had their primary tumors staged as T1, 17 patients had T2, and 7
patients had T3 disease. When evaluating the normalcy of diet, the mean
score for the whole group was 73.1 (range, 20-100), the mean score for
understandability of speech was 80.8 (range, 50-100), and the mean score
for eating in public was 79.8 (range, 0-00). The mean KPS was 90 (range,
60-100). When comparing early (T1 and T2) with advanced (T3) disease,
there were no significant differences in PSS and KPS. When comparing
younger (<50 years) with older (>50 years) patients, there were no
significan
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