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Abramson Cancer CenterNCI CANCERLIT® Search: Malignant Thymoma - April 2002
National Cancer Institute®
Last Modified: April 1, 2002
Table of Contents
1
UI - 11484288
AU - K'tev N
TI -
[Surgery as an element of the complex therapeutic approach to myasthenia
gravis and thymoma]
SO - Khirurgiia (Sofiia) 2000;56(2):40-4
2
UI - 11757949
AU - D'Avino C; Lucchi M; Ceravolo R; Mussi A; Malandrini A; Annunziata P;
TI -
Siciliano G
Limbic encephalitis associated with thymic cancer: a case report.
SO - J Neurol 2001 Nov;248(11):1000-2
3
UI - 11920495
AU - Ogawa K; Uno T; Toita T; Onishi H; Yoshida H; Kakinohana Y; Adachi G;
TI -
Itami J; Ito H; Murayama S
Postoperative radiotherapy for patients with completely resected
thymoma: a multi-institutional, retrospective review of 103 patients.
SO - Cancer 2002 Mar 1;94(5):1405-13
AD - Department of Radiology, University of the Ryukyus School of Medicine,
Okinawa, Japan. kogawa@med.u-ryukyu.ac.jp
BACKGROUND: Optimal management of postoperative radiotherapy for
patients with completely resected thymoma remains controversial. This
study was conducted to assess the efficacy of postoperative mediastinal
irradiation in patients with completely resected thymoma. METHODS: The
records of 103 patients with completely resected thymoma who received
postoperative mediastinal irradiation during the period between 1979 and
1998 were reviewed. The distribution according to Masaoka stage was
Stage I in 17 patients, Stage II in 61 patients, and Stage III in 25
patients. Fifty-two patients were treated with involved field (IF)
irradiation, and 51 patients were treated with irradiation of the whole
mediastinal field with or without boost (WM irradiation). The total
radiation dose to the primary tumor bed was 30-61 grays (Gy), with a
median dose of 40 Gy. No patients received chemotherapy during the
initial treatment. The median follow-up of the 82 living patients was
112 months (range, 24-244 months). RESULTS: The 10-year actuarial
overall and disease free survival rates for all patients were 81% and
79%, respectively. The 10-year actuarial overall survival rate was 100%
for patients with Stage I disease, 90% for patients with Stage II
disease, and 48% for patients with Stage III disease. In the analysis,
clinical stage alone had a statistically significant impact on both
overall survival and disease free survival (P < 0.0001 for both).
Recurrent disease was observed in 17 patients, and the pleura was the
most frequent site of first recurrence. Of 12 patients who had pleural
recurrences, 11 patients had pleural dissemination remote from the
initial tumor site. No recurrence was observed in any of the 17 patients
with Stage I disease, and 6 of 61 patients (10%) with Stage II disease
and 11 of 25 patients (44%) with Stage III disease experienced
recurrences. With regard to intrathoracic recurrences, there were no
recurrences within the irradiated field in any of the 103 patients, and
no dose response correlation was seen in intrathoracic control
(incidence of intrathoracic recurrence: 2 of 19 patients in the group
that received < 40 Gy, 6 of 45 patients in the group that received 40
Gy, and 7 of 39 patients in the group that received > 40 Gy). With
respect to treatment field, mediastinal recurrences were observed in 4
of 52 patients (8%) who were treated with IF irradiation, whereas 0 of
51 patients who were treated with WM irradiation experienced mediastinal
recurrences. Pleural-based recurrences were observed both in patients
who were treated with IF irradiation (7 of 52 patients) and in patients
who were treated with WM irradiation (5 of 51 patients). According to
the degree of pathologic tumor invasion, 0 of 71 patients without
pleural invasion had pleural-based recurrences (0 of 17 patients with
Stage I disease, 0 of 51 patients with Stage II disease, and 0 of 3
patients with Stage III disease), whereas 12 of 32 patients (38%) with
pleural invasion had pleural-based recurrences (4 of 10 patients with
Stage II disease and 8 of 22 patients with Stage III disease).
CONCLUSIONS: The current results indicated that WM irradiation with a
total dose of 40 Gy was effective in preventing mediastinal recurrence
for patients with completely resected thymoma. However, in patients with
pathologic pleural invasion of the tumor, mediastinal irradiation alone
was insufficient to avoid pleural-based recurrence. Copyright 2002
American Cancer Society.
4
UI - 11934330
AU - Assi AC; Lightman S
TI -
Clinicopathologic reports, case reports, and small case series:
cytomegalovirus retinitis in patients with Good syndrome.
SO - Arch Ophthalmol 2002 Apr;120(4):510-2
AD - Moorfields Eye Hospital, City Road, London EC1V 2PD, England.
5
UI - 11884256
AU - Ozer N; Can I; Aytemir K; Atalar E; Erman M; Ovunc K; Aksoyek S;
TI -
Demirkazik F; Kes S
Malignant thymoma invading the right atrium: a rare echocardiographic
finding.
SO - Echocardiography 2002 Jan;19(1):61-2
AD - Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University,
Ankara, Turkey. neclaozer@hotmail.com
Malignant thymoma is a rare tumor. We report a case of malignant thymoma
with intracaval extension and direct invasion of the right atrium
presenting as superior vena cava syndrome.
6
UI - 11785409
AU - Slepov AK
TI -
[Current problems of surgical treatment of thymoma in children]
SO - Klin Khir 2001 Sep;(9):57-9
7
UI - 11841520
AU - Courville P; Favennec L; Viacroze C; Barrel A; Young P; Abboud P;
TI -
Thomine E; Metayer J; Nouvet G
Co-existent cutaneous cryptococcosis of the forearm and cutaneous
alternariosis of the leg in patient with metastatic thymoma.
SO - J Cutan Pathol 2002 Jan;29(1):55-8
AD - Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, CHRU Charles Nicolle Rouen, France.
philippe.courville@chu-rouen.fr
BACKGROUND: Cryptococcosis and alternariosis are rare opportunistic
infections often observed in immunocompromised patients. Because
Cryptococcus and Alternaria are ubiquitous fungi found in soil, the
presence of fungi in the dermis has to be observed on histological
examination to confirm a real cutaneous, invasive, infection. PATIENT:
We report the first case of concomitant cutaneous cryptococcosis and
cutaneous alternariosis, in an immunocompromised patient treated for a
metastatic thymoma. CONCLUSION: This observation underlines the fact
that the possible co-existence of several rare infections in
immunocompromised patients should take into consideration pathogen
identification in order to adapt the therapy to individual patient
requirements.
8
UI - 11413764
AU - Dadmanesh F; Sekihara T; Rosai J
TI -
Histologic typing of thymoma according to the new World Health
Organization classification.
SO - Chest Surg Clin N Am 2001 May;11(2):407-20
AD - Department of Pathology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles,
California, USA.
The new WHO classification scheme provides a set of simple and easily
reproducible morphologic criteria for an accurate and consistent
categorization of thymic epithelial tumors. This scheme should
facilitate interobserver reproducibility and lead to a more precise
assessment of prognosis when used in combination with the staging
system.
9
UI - 11413765
AU - Port JL; Ginsberg RJ
TI -
Surgery for thymoma.
SO - Chest Surg Clin N Am 2001 May;11(2):421-37
AD - Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital,
New York, New York, USA.
Although thymoma is an uncommon tumor, it represents the most frequently
encountered tumor of the anterior mediastinum. These tumors represent an
interesting and even peculiar group of lesions by virtue of their
association with paraneoplastic disorders, their relatively indolent
course, and their predisposition for local recurrence. The initial
treatment of choice for patients with thymoma that do not present with
unresectable local or diffuse metastatic disease is complete surgical
resection. The goals of surgery are complete excision of the lesion with
total thymectomy and complete exploration to rule out the presence of
noncontiguous disease that may be resectable. Often, complete resection
may require the resection of surrounding involved structures including
pericardium, pleura, lung, and even major vascular structures. Some
authors have suggested VATS or VATS-assisted techniques for small
thymomas. Capsular invasion, however, often can be subtle, and the
completeness of resection is of prime importance in countless studies.
With recurrences appearing up to 5 and even 10 years postoperatively,
time will tell if these minimally invasive techniques are comparable
with current standard approaches. Multiple studies have failed to
determine conclusively the role of induction chemotherapy and adjuvant
radiation. Prospective multi-institutional trials are required to
elucidate further the role of such therapies in these rare tumors. In
the interim, the authors continue to recommend postoperative radiation
for all patients undergoing resection with the exception of stage I
patients. Some promising reports on response to chemotherapy have led
them to develop an induction chemotherapy protocol for patients with
clinically advanced disease.
10
UI - 11413767
AU - Chahinian AP
TI -
Chemotherapy of thymomas and thymic carcinomas.
SO - Chest Surg Clin N Am 2001 May;11(2):447-56
AD - Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai School
of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York, USA.
Thymomas are chemosensitive tumors with overall response rates of about
70% to various chemotherapy regimens. A fraction of patients (up to
25%-30%) will obtain a CR after chemotherapy. These results justify the
use of chemotherapy in a multimodality fashion for the treatment of
patients with advanced tumors. With radiotherapy added to chemotherapy,
if necessary and if technically feasible, inoperable tumors may become
resectable, leading to excellent long-term survival. On the other hand,
thymic carcinomas are more refractory to chemotherapy, and their
prognoses remain poor.
11
UI - 11413768
AU - Dziuba SJ; Curran WJ Jr
TI -
The radiotherapeutic management of invasive thymomas.
SO - Chest Surg Clin N Am 2001 May;11(2):457-66
AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas
Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
The role of radiation therapy has been well established for selected
patients with thymoma. Among patients with stage I tumors that have
undergone a complete surgical excision, there is no indication for
postoperative RT. There is also no need for postoperative RT for
patients with completely excised stage II tumors when there is no
transgression of the tumor through the thymic capsule. If there is
transgression of the tumor through the capsule, postoperative RT is
recommended even in the presence of complete surgical resection. For
totally or partially resected stage III tumors, postoperative RT, to a
total dose in excess of 50.4 Gy, is recommended. CT scan-based treatment
planning is recommended for all of these indications. The role of
preoperative RT is currently less certain. For bulky, unresectable
tumors, preoperative chemotherapy and postoperative RT seem to be a
promising trimodality approach. There also will be a need for
preoperative RT among partial responders.
The above citations and abstracts reflect those newly added to CANCERLIT for the month and topic listed in the title. The citations have been retrieved from CANCERLIT using a predefined search strategy of indexed subject terms. Although the search strategy has been refined as best as possible, citations may appear that are not directly related to the topic, and occasionally relevant references may be omitted.
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