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Abramson Cancer CenterNCI CANCERLIT® Search: Small Cell Lung Cancer - May 2002
National Cancer Institute®
Last Modified: May 1, 2002
Table of Contents
1
UI - 11784874
AU - Noda K; Nishiwaki Y; Kawahara M; Negoro S; Sugiura T; Yokoyama A;
TI -
Fukuoka M; Mori K; Watanabe K; Tamura T; Yamamoto S; Saijo N; The Japan
Clinical Oncology Group
Irinotecan plus cisplatin compared with etoposide plus cisplatin for
extensive small-cell lung cancer.
SO - N Engl J Med 2002 Jan 10;346(2):85-91
AD - Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan.
BACKGROUND: Irinotecan hydrochloride, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, is
effective against small-cell lung cancer. In a phase 2 study of
irinotecan plus cisplatin in patients with extensive small-cell lung
cancer, there was a high response rate and a promising median survival
time. METHODS: We conducted a multicenter, randomized, phase 3 study in
which we compared irinotecan plus cisplatin with etoposide plus
cisplatin in patients with extensive (metastatic) small-cell lung
cancer. RESULTS: The planned size of the study population was 230
patients, but enrollment was terminated early because an interim
analysis found a statistically significant difference in survival
between the patients assigned to receive irinotecan and cisplatin and
those assigned to receive etoposide and cisplatin; as a result, only 154
patients were enrolled. The median survival was 12.8 months in the
irinotecan-plus-cisplatin group and 9.4 months in the
etoposide-plus-cisplatin group (P=0.002 by the unadjusted log-rank
test). At two years, the proportion of patients surviving was 19.5
percent in the irinotecan-plus-cisplatin group and 5.2 percent in the
etoposide-plus-cisplatin group. Severe or life-threatening
myelosuppression was more frequent in the etoposide-plus-cisplatin group
than in the irinotecan-plus-cisplatin group, and severe or
life-threatening diarrhea was more frequent in the
irinotecan-plus-cisplatin group than in the etoposide-plus-cisplatin
group. CONCLUSIONS: Irinotecan plus cisplatin is an effective treatment
for metastatic small-cell lung cancer.
2
UI - 11986422
AU - Ando Y; Figg WD
TI -
Irinotecan in small-cell lung cancer.
SO - N Engl J Med 2002 May 2;346(18):1414-5; discussion 1414-5
3
UI - 11978328
AU - Coleman RE
TI -
Value of FDG-PET scanning in management of lung cancer.
SO - Lancet 2002 Apr 20;359(9315):1361-2
AD - Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Duke University
Medical School, Durham NC 27710, USA. colem010@mc.duke.edu
4
UI - 11782709
AU - Lorusso V; Crucitta E
TI -
[New therapeutic prospects in microcytoma]
SO - Minerva Endocrinol 2001 Dec;26(4):239-41
AD - Oncologia Medica, Istituto Oncologico, Bari, Italy.
The therapeutic efforts of the past thirty years have been directed at
improving the scant prognosis of patients suffering from microcytoma
(SCLC) using a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Studies
have shown that the longest survival rates are achieved when
radiotherapy is administered concomitantly with chemotherapy. No clear
correlation has been identified between the 3-year disease-free survival
rate and the type of chemotherapy used. The standard treatment for
patients suffering from SCLC is currently polychemotherapy using
protocols with cisplatin, with or without radiotherapy. Among the new
protocols that have been proposed, an increase in dose intensity, weekly
therapy and alternating chemotherapy appear to give the most promising
results, even if no studies have so far actually demonstrated their
ability to improve results.
5
UI - 11782710
AU - Puma F; Urbani M; Santoprete S; Ricci F; Sanguinetti A; Vinci D; Ottavi
TI -
P; Porcaro G; Daddi G
[The role of surgery in the treatment of small cell lung cancer]
SO - Minerva Endocrinol 2001 Dec;26(4):247-53
AD - Chirurgia Toracica, Ospedale Civile S. Maria, Terni, Universita degli
Studi, Perugia, Italy. francesopuma@tiscalinet.it
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a biologically aggressive tumor with a
low long-term survival rate. SCLC is highly responsive to chemotherapy
and surgery has a very limited role in its treatment because the disease
is usually widely disseminated at the diagnosis. Good results from
surgery have been reported in the small subgroup of T1-2 N0 M0 patients.
In N1 peripheral SCLC, surgery in combination with other treatments, can
obtain fair results. Surgical treatment does not influence the prognosis
in SCLC as stage III and IV.
6
UI - 11782711
AU - Busutti L
TI -
[Current role of radiotherapy in the treatment of SCLC]
SO - Minerva Endocrinol 2001 Dec;26(4):255-60
AD - U.O. Radioterapia, Azienda Ospedaliera S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna,
Italy.
Microcytoma (SCLC) is generally regarded as a disease requiring
chemotherapy and is only treated with radiotherapy using combined
protocols. A number of different approaches have been proposed, changing
timing, dose and fractionation. A different role is played by
irradiation of the brain in the treatment of metastases. The authors
discuss the role of radiotherapy in the treatment of SCLC and in study
protocols through an analysis of a personal series.
7
UI - 11782712
AU - Comella G; Panza N
TI -
[New therapeutic strategies in microcytoma]
SO - Minerva Endocrinol 2001 Dec;26(4):261
AD - Divisione di Oncologia Medica A, Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Naples,
Italy.
8
UI - 11782713
AU - Pastore V; Santini M; Vicidomini G; D'Aniello G; Fiorello A;
TI -
Parascandolo V
[Role of the surgeon in the treatment of small cell lung carcinoma]
SO - Minerva Endocrinol 2001 Dec;26(4):263-7
AD - Dipartimento di Scienze Cardio-Toraciche e Respiratorie, Cattedra di
Chirurgia Toracica, Seconda Universita degli Studi, Naples, Italy.
Surgery has never played a precise and well consolidated role in the
planned treatment of lung microcytoma (SCLC). The acknowledged
therapeutic strategy associates local treatment (radiotherapy) with
general treatment (chemotherapy). Exeresis is particularly indicated in
limited or peripheral forms, followed by intensive polychemotherapy.
Scintigraphy with octreotide may be used for the initial screening of
patients with widespread disease. Another minor role played by surgery
is in the treatment of neoplastic foci remaining after chemotherapy. In
some cases the use of a radioguided method which, after intravenous
injection of radiolabeled octreotide, allows the accumulation of
somatostatin analog in neoplastic foci to be assayed intraoperatively
using a manual probe, might help the surgeon to check the radical nature
of the operation. In addition, octreotide can be used as a
radiotherapeutic pharmacological agent or to enhance the efficacy of
chemotherapy in microcytoma and other lung tumours with neuroendocrine
differentiation.
9
UI - 11842350
AU - Thomas M; Baumann M; Deppermann M; Freitag L; Gatzemeier U; Huber R;
TI -
Passlick B; Serke M; Ukena D
[Recommendations on the therapy of bronchial carcinoma]
SO - Pneumologie 2002 Feb;56(2):113-31
AD - Klinik fur Hamatologie, Onkologie und Pneumologie, Medizinische Klinik
A, Universitatsklinikum Munster, Germany. mthomas@uni-muenster.de
10
UI - 10478250
AU - Marom EM; McAdams HP; Erasmus JJ; Goodman PC; Culhane DK; Coleman RE;
TI -
Herndon JE; Patz EF Jr
Staging non-small cell lung cancer with whole-body PET.
SO - Radiology 1999 Sep;212(3):803-9
AD - Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC
27710, USA.
PURPOSE: To compare the accuracies of whole-body 2-[fluorine
18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and
conventional imaging (thoracic computed tomography [CT], bone
scintigraphy, and brain CT or magnetic resonance [MR] imaging) in
staging bronchogenic carcinoma. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Within 20 months,
100 patients with newly diagnosed bronchogenic carcinoma underwent
whole-body FDG PET and chest CT. Ninety of these patients underwent
radionuclide bone scintigraphy, and 70 patients underwent brain CT or MR
imaging. For each patient, all examinations were completed within 1
month. A radiologic stage was assigned by using PET and conventional
imaging independently and was compared with the pathologic stage. The
accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and negative and positive predictive
values were calculated. RESULTS: PET staging was accurate in 83 (83%)
patients; conventional imaging staging was accurate in 65 (65%) patients
(P < .005). Staging with mediastinal lymph nodes was correct by using
PET in 67 (85%) patients and by using CT in 46 (58%) patients (P <
.001). Nine (9%) patients had metastases demonstrated by using PET that
were not found with conventional imaging, whereas 10 (10%) patients
suspected of having metastases because of conventional imaging findings
were correctly shown with PET to not have metastases. CONCLUSION:
Whole-body PET was more accurate than thoracic CT, bone scintigraphy,
and brain CT or MR imaging in staging bronchogenic carcinoma.
11
UI - 11973641
AU - Koshikawa K; Osada H; Kozaki K; Konishi H; Masuda A; Tatematsu Y;
TI -
Mitsudomi T; Nakao A; Takahashi T
Significant up-regulation of a novel gene, CLCP1, in a highly metastatic
lung cancer subline as well as in lung cancers in vivo.
SO - Oncogene 2002 Apr 25;21(18):2822-8
AD - Division of Molecular Oncology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute,
1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8681, Japan.
Most lung cancer patients are unfortunately uncurable and die because of
widespread metastases, thus indicating the importance of identification
of molecules with a crucial role in this process. Our previous
expression profiling analysis of a highly metastatic lung cancer cell
line, NCI-H460-LNM35, and its parental low metastatic line,
NCI-H460-N15, revealed significant up-regulation of both known and
unknown genes in LNM35. In this study, we describe the isolation and
detailed characterizations of a novel gene, named CLCP1, which
corresponds to one of such expression sequence tags with up-regulated
expression in LNM35. The CLCP1 gene was found to encode a protein with
775 amino acids with structural similarities to, but distinct from
neuropilins, cell surface receptors for VEGF165 and semaphorins.
Notably, CLCP1 was shown to be up-regulated not only in LNM35 in
association with its acquisition of metastatic phenotype during in vivo
selection, but also in a significant fraction of lung cancers in vivo
with high frequency in metastatic lesions, warranting future studies for
a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of lung cancer
metastasis.
12
UI - 11804379
AU - Gridelli C; Perrone F; Nelli F; Ramponi S; De Marinis F
TI -
Quality of life in lung cancer patients.
SO - Ann Oncol 2001;12 Suppl 3():S21-5
AD - Divisione di Oncologia Medica B, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Naples,
Italy. cgridelli@sirio-oncology.it
The quality of life of lung cancer patients is affected by several
factors related to the patients, stage of disease and treatment
characteristics. For small-cell lung cancer (SCLC), the treatment is
generally aggressive, primarily based on chemotherapy. Treatment
strategy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is strongly dependent on
the stage of the disease and ranges from surgery to palliative
chemotherapy. Over the last few years, very little progress has been
made in terms of survival. Therefore, the effect of treatment on quality
of life has become progressively more relevant. Among the instruments
for measuring quality of life, there are some specifically developed for
lung cancer, such as the European Organization for Research and
Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) LC-13 questionnaire, the Functional
Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT-L) questionnaire and the Lung Cancer
Symptom Scale (LCSS). Up to now, few randomised clinical trials have
correctly evaluated quality of life. There are evident pitfalls
associated with the use of frequently non-validated tools, and poor
methods of data analysis, but quality-of-life evaluation is crucial and
should be addressed through well-planned and well-conducted prospective
clinical trials.
13
UI - 11796233
AU - Gridelli C; De Vivo R; Monfardini S
TI -
Management of small-cell lung cancer in the elderly.
SO - Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2002 Jan;41(1):79-88
AD - Unita Operativa di Oncologia Medica B, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via M.
Semmola 3, 80131 Naples, Italy. cgridelli@sirio-oncology.it
More than 50% of lung cancer patients are diagnosed over the age of 65
and about 30% over 70. Small-cell lung cancer (SCLC) accounts for 20-25%
of lung carcinomas. Chemotherapy is the cornerstone of treatment for
SCLC. Usually in the elderly it is difficult to administer the same
chemotherapy administered to younger patients because elderly patients
tolerate chemotherapy poorly. The empirical reduction of drug doses may
be criticized. The best approach is to design specific trials in order
to develop active and well-tolerated chemotherapy regimens for SCLC
elderly patients. The standard therapy in limited disease is combined
chemo-radiotherapy followed by prophylactic brain irradiation for
patients achieving a complete response. In the elderly, the addition of
radiotherapy to chemotherapy must be accurately evaluated, considering
the slight survival improvement and the potential relevant toxicity.
14
UI - 11930699
AU - Jin B; Zhao L; Zhou C
TI -
[The prognostic value of serum neuron specific enolase detection in
small cell lung cancer]
SO - Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2001 Dec;24(12):722-4
AD - Department of Medicine, Shanghai Pneumology Hospital, Shanghai 200433,
China.
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognostic value of NSE detection in small
cell lung cancer. METHODS: 144 unresectable small cell lung cancer
patients were eligible in the retrospective study. NSE was analyzed
before chemotherapy and 21 days after chemotherapy using ELISA method.
RESULTS: For D1-NSE, 98 (68.1%) were NSE positive and 46(31.9%) were NSE
negative; for D21-NSE, 57(39.6%) were NSE positive and 87 (60.4%) were
NSE negative. In univariate analysis, both D1-NSE and D21-NSE have
prognostic significance. But in multivariate analysis only D21-NSE is an
independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSION: D21-NSE in small cell lung
cancer is an independent prognostic factor and may be proposed for use
in the clinic and research.
15
UI - 11989911
AU - Paccagnella A; Oniga F; Favaretto A; Biason R; Ghi MG
TI -
Elderly patients with small cell lung cancer.
SO - Tumori 2002 Jan-Feb;88(1 Suppl 1):S145-7
AD - Oncology Unit, Venice Hospital.
16
UI - 11995707
AU - Crino L
TI -
[Role of irinotecan in the treatment of small cell carcinoma]
SO - Tumori 2001 Nov-Dec;87(6):A35-7
17
UI - 11099281
AU - The AM; Hak T; Koeter G; van Der Wal G
TI -
Collusion in doctor-patient communication about imminent death: an
ethnographic study.
SO - BMJ 2000 Dec 2;321(7273):1376-81
AD - See also Education and debate p 1400 Institute for Research in
Extramural Medicine/Department of Social Medicine, Vrije Universiteit,
Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, Netherlands.
am.the.emgo@med.vu.nl
OBJECTIVE: To discover and explore the factors that result in "false
optimism about recovery" observed in patients with small cell lung
cancer. DESIGN: A qualitative observational (ethnographic) study in two
stages over four years. SETTING: Lung diseases ward and outpatient
clinic in university hospital in the Netherlands. PARTICIPANTS: 35
patients with small cell lung cancer. RESULTS: "False optimism about
recovery" usually developed during the (first) course of chemotherapy
and was most prevalent when the cancer could no longer be seen in the x
ray pictures. This optimism tended to vanish when the tumour recurred,
but it could develop again, though to a lesser extent, during further
courses of chemotherapy. Patients gradually found out the facts about
their poor prognosis, partly because of physical deterioration and
partly through contact with fellow patients who were in a more advanced
stage of the illness and were dying. "False optimism about recovery" was
the result an association between doctors' activism and patients'
adherence to the treatment calendar and to the "recovery plot," which
allowed them not to acknowledge explicitly what they should and could
know. The doctor did and did not want to pronounce a "death sentence"
and the patient did and did not want to hear it. CONCLUSION: Solutions
to the problem of collusion between doctor and patient require an
active, patient oriented approach from the doctor. Perhaps solutions
have to be found outside the doctor-patient relationship itself - for
example, by involving "treatment brokers."
18
UI - 11914903
AU - Sadava D; Ahn J; Zhan M; Pang ML; Ding J; Kane SE
TI -
Effects of four Chinese herbal extracts on drug-sensitive and
multidrug-resistant small-cell lung carcinoma cells.
SO - Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2002 Apr;49(4):261-6
AD - Division of Molecular Medicine, City of Hope Medical Center, 1500 E.
Duarte Rd., Duarte, CA 91010, USA. dsadava@jsd.claremont.edu
PURPOSE: We examined the pharmacology, cell biology and molecular
biology of small-cell lung carcinoma cells treated with four extracts of
Chinese herbal medicines. Many cancer patients take these medicines, but
their effects at the cellular level are largely unknown. We were
especially interested in the effects on drug-resistant cells, as
resistance is a significant clinical problem in lung cancer. METHODS:
Drug-sensitive (H69), multidrug-resistant (H69VP) and normal lung
epithelial cells (BEAS-2) were exposed to extracts from two plants used
in Chinese herbal medicine for lung cancer: Glycorrhiza glabra (GLYC)
and Olenandria diffusa (OLEN), and to extracts of two commercially
available combinations of Chinese herbal medicines, SPES (15 herbs) and
PC-SPES (8 herbs). Cytotoxicity was measured in terms of cell growth
inhibition (IC(50)). The kinetics of DNA fragmentation after exposure to
the herbal extracts was measured by BudR labeling followed by ELISA.
Apoptosis was measured by the TUNEL assay followed by flow cytometry.
Expression of apoptosis- and cell cycle-related genes was measured by
reverse transcription of mRNA followed by filter hybridization to arrays
of probes and detection by chemiluminescence. RESULTS: In each case, the
four herbal extracts were equally cytotoxic to H69 and H69VP and less
cytotoxic to BEAS-2. All four extracts induced DNA fragmentation in the
lung carcinoma cells. The kinetics showed DNA fragments released to the
medium (an indication of necrosis) in GLYC-exposed cultures, but inside
the cells (an indication of apoptosis) in OLEN-, SPES- and
PC-SPES-exposed cultures. TUNEL analysis confirmed that exposure to the
latter three extracts, but not to GLYC, led to apoptosis. Compared to
untreated and GLYC-treated cells, H69 and H69VP cells treated with OLEN,
SPES and PC-SPES showed elevated expression of a number of genes
involved in the apoptotic cascade, similar to cells treated with
etoposide and vincristine. CONCLUSION: The Chinese herbal medicine
extracts OLEN, SPES and PC-SPES are cytotoxic to both drug-resistant and
drug-sensitive lung cancer cells, show some tumor cell specificity
compared to their effect on normal cells, and are proapoptotic as
measured by DNA breaks and gene expression. The reaction of the tumor
cells to these extracts was similar to their reaction to conventional
chemotherapeutic drugs.
19
UI - 11784881
AU - Carney DN
TI -
Lung cancer--time to move on from chemotherapy.
SO - N Engl J Med 2002 Jan 10;346(2):126-8
20
UI - 11839685
AU - Maulik G; Kijima T; Ma PC; Ghosh SK; Lin J; Shapiro GI; Schaefer E;
TI -
Tibaldi E; Johnson BE; Salgia R
Modulation of the c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor pathway in small cell
lung cancer.
SO - Clin Cancer Res 2002 Feb;8(2):620-7
AD - Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney
Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
The c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase and its ligand HGF (hepatocyte growth
factor) have been shown to be involved in angiogenesis, cellular
motility, growth, invasion, and differentiation. The role of c-Met/HGF
axis in small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has not been reported previously.
We have determined the expression of p170(c-Met) precursor and
p140(c-Met) beta-chain in seven SCLC cell lines by immunoblotting. We
used the SCLC cell line H69, which expressed an abundant amount of c-Met
to study the function and downstream effects of c-Met activation.
Stimulation of H69 cells with HGF (40 ng/ml, 6-h stimulation)
significantly altered cell motility of the SCLC cells with increased
formation of filopodia and membrane ruffling, characterized as membrane
blebbing, as well as increased migration of the cellular clusters were
seen. We have further studied the signal transduction pathways of
HGF/c-Met in the H69 cell line. The stimulation of H69 with HGF (40
ng/ml, >24 h, maximal at 1 h) increased the amount of reactive oxygen
species formed by 34%. HGF stimulation (40 ng/ml, 7.5-min stimulation)
of H69 cells showed increased tyrosine phosphorylated bands identified
at M(r) 68,000, 120,000-140,000, and 200,000. Some of these
tyrosine-phosphorylated bands were identified as the focal adhesion
proteins paxillin, FAK, PYK2, and the c-Met receptor itself.
Phospho-specific antibodies show that tyrosines at amino acid (a.a.) 31
of paxillin, and autophosphorylation sites at a.a. 397 of p125FAK, and
a.a. 402 of PYK2 are phosphorylated in response to HGF/c-Met signaling.
We also demonstrate that the Hsp90 inhibitor geldanamycin, which also
affects c-Met, reduced the growth and viability of four of four SCLC
cell lines by 25% to 85%, over a 72-h time period. Geldanamycin caused
apoptosis of SCLC cells, as well as led to increased levels of Hsp70 but
not Hsp90. These results demonstrate that c-Met/HGF pathway is
functional in SCLC, and it would be useful to target this pathway toward
novel therapy.
21
UI - 11928694
AU - Bohrer M; Wenz F
TI -
Prophylactic cranial irradiation in limited-disease small-cell lung
cancer - why, when, how much?
SO - Onkologie 2002 Feb;25(1):66-8
AD - Sektion Strahlentherapie, Universitatsklinikum Mannheim, Germany.
22
UI - 11935310
AU - Hrabec E; Strek M; Nowak D; Greger J; Suwalski M; Hrabec Z
TI -
Activity of type IV collagenases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) in primary pulmonary
carcinomas: a quantitative analysis.
SO - J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2002 Apr;128(4):197-204
AD - Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz 90-131,
Lodz Lindleya 6, Poland. ehrabec@go2.pl
PURPOSE: Matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and MMP-9 are implicated in
invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors. We investigated the
expression and activation of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in lung cancer compared
with normal lung parenchyma, and looked for a potential marker of
malignancy. METHODS: Thirty-six pulmonary carcinomas and paired normal
lung specimens were analyzed by gelatin zymography and computer-assisted
image analysis for the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9. RESULTS: We showed
that expression of both type IV collagenases was remarkably higher in
carcinoma samples than in lung parenchyma. The MMP-9 levels in lung
cancer were over twofold higher than in normal lung tissues. The levels
of latent and active forms of MMP-2 in lung cancer samples were,
correspondingly, 3.8- and 17-fold higher than in lung parenchyma. The
tumor/normal (T/N) ratios of MMP-2 were negatively correlated with the
hemoglobin levels and erythrocytes number. CONCLUSIONS: A high level of
the active form of MMP-2 in almost all of the carcinomas and the near
lack of its activation in normal lung parenchyma shows that MMP-2
activation is associated with the malignant phenotype and may serve as a
good marker of malignancy. The correlation between low hemoglobin level
and T/N ratio of MMP-2 may indicate significance of MMP-2 for
angiogenesis.
23
UI - 11802803
AU - Morita T
TI -
A statistical study of lung cancer in the annual of pathological autopsy
cases in Japan, from 1958 to 1997, with reference to time trends of lung
cancer in the world.
SO - Jpn J Cancer Res 2002 Jan;93(1):15-23
AD - Department of Pathology, International Medical Center of Japan,
Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan. moritath.@zf6.so-net.ne.jp
Lung cancer cases (66650 males and 20890 females) registered in the
Annual of Pathological Autopsy Cases in Japan, between 1958 and 1997,
were analyzed with regard to sex, age and histology. They were
subdivided into decades (periods I to IV), and compared with the
Japanese mortality statistics, with which they were in good
correspondence. Although the autopsy rate is decreasing, more than 10%
of the total lung cancer deaths in Japan were registered by 1990. Among
autopsied cases, the incidence of lung cancer cases increased from 6% to
12% in males and from 3% to 6% in females. From period III, lung cancer
in males became the most frequent, and was the second most frequent
cancer in females after gastric cancer. As for the histological
distribution, adenocarcinoma was the most frequent and squamous cell
carcinoma was the next most frequent in both sexes. Recently, a
significant increase in adenocarcinoma and a significant decrease in
squamous cell carcinoma have been observed in both sexes. The peak ages
shifted from the 60s to the 70s and a significant rise in the mean ages
were observed. The male-to-female ratios and the ratio curves by
histological and age group were high for squamous cell carcinoma and
small cell carcinoma, while they were low for the total and
adenocarcinoma. With the recently acquired data on lung cancer in Asian
countries, and from the male-to-female ratios and the status of smoking
rates, lung cancer in the world at present was divided into three
groups; North America, Europe and Asia. The possibility of one group
changing to resemble another and of groups converging in the near future
is suggested.
24
UI - 11763820
AU - Potanin VP; Taziev RM; Sigal EI; Krasin VV; Khalimov ID; Potanin AV;
TI -
Sigal RI; Latypov AG
[Thienam treatment in early postoperative period after pneumonectomy in
patients with lung cancer]
SO - Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2001;(10):47-8
25
UI - 11750705
AU - Larive S; Bombaron P; Riou R; Fournel P; Perol M; Lena H; Dussopt C;
TI -
Philip-Joet F; Touraine F; Lecaer H; Souquet PJ; Groupe Lyon-Saint
Etienne d'Oncologie Thoracique
Carboplatin-etoposide combination in small cell lung cancer patients
older than 70 years: a phase II trial.
SO - Lung Cancer 2002 Jan;35(1):1-7
AD - Service de Pneumologie, Centre Hospitalier Lyon Sud, 69495 Cedex, Pierre
Benite, France.
BACKGROUND: No standard treatment is defined for elderly patients with
small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Carboplatin and etoposide are highly
active agents against SCLC. In this study, we evaluated the activity and
toxicity of a combination of these two agents. PATIENTS AND METHODS:
Thirty-four untreated patients with limited or extensive SCLC and median
age of 73.9 years entered the study. Chemotherapy consisted of
carboplatin i.v. on day 1 (AUC 5 using Calvert's formula) and etoposide
100 mg/m(2) given orally on days 1-5, every 4 weeks, and thoracic
irradiation was given to limited disease patients after chemotherapy.
RESULTS: The overall response rates was 59% (95% CI: 43-76). The median
survival for all patients was 37 weeks (range 3-76 weeks). The toxicity
was mainly haematological with grade 3-4 neutropenia in 59% of courses,
febrile neutropenia in 15% of courses, and toxic death in 9% of
patients. CONCLUSION: The results of this regimen are disappointing with
worse response and survival, and more haematological toxicity than
expected and previously reported, despite the use of Calvert's formula.
Possible explanations are the use of etoposide per os rather than i.v.,
the frequent comorbidities of older patients and the inclusion of
patients with poor prognosis factors.
26
UI - 11750707
AU - Tsurutani J; Komiya T; Uejima H; Tada H; Syunichi N; Oka M; Kohno S;
TI -
Fukuoka M; Nakagawa K
Mutational analysis of the beta-tubulin gene in lung cancer.
SO - Lung Cancer 2002 Jan;35(1):11-6
AD - Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Kinki University School of
Medicine, Ohonohigashi 377-2, Osakasayama, 589-8511, Osaka, Japan.
Recently, several studies have suggested that a major mechanism of
resistance to paclitaxel might involve mutations in the beta-tubulin
gene in tumor cells. To investigate the frequency of beta-tubulin
mutations in Japanese patients with small and non-small cell lung
cancer, direct sequence analysis following reverse
transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the beta-tubulin
gene was performed using total RNA from 20 lung cancer cell lines and 22
specimens from lung cancer patients. First-strand cDNA sequence analysis
of the 42 samples showed silent mutations at codon 180 of the
beta-tubulin gene, which encodes the GTP-binding site of the protein,
and codons 195 and 217. However, neither missense nor non-sense
mutations affecting microtubule dynamics, within or near the GTP-binding
site of the beta-tubulin gene, were detected. These results indicate
that beta-tubulin gene mutations might not play a major role in the
mechanism of resistance to paclitaxel in Japanese lung cancer patients.
Further investigations are needed to clarify the mechanism of drug
resistance.
27
UI - 11750706
AU - Murray N
TI -
Commentary on "carboplatin-etoposide association in small cell lung
cancer patients older than 70 years: a phase II trial".
SO - Lung Cancer 2002 Jan;35(1):9-10
AD - British Columbia Cancer Agency, 600 West 10th Avenue, V5Z 4E6,
Vancouver, BC, Canada.
28
UI - 11750720
AU - Satoh H; Yamagata A; Yamashita YT; Ohtsuka M; Sekizawa K
TI -
Lung cancer in patients with psychiatric disorders.
SO - Lung Cancer 2002 Jan;35(1):97
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