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NCI CANCERLIT® Search: Diagnosis-Histopathology-Pathogenesis of Ovarian Cancer - September 2002
National Cancer Institute®
Last Modified: September 1, 2002
- Incidence of non-founder BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in high risk Ashkenazi breast and ovarian cancer families.
- Breast and ovarian cancer screening practices in healthy women with a strong family history of breast or ovarian cancer.
- Apoptotic bodies as a morphological feature in serous ovarian carcinoma: correlation with nuclear grade, Ki-67 and mitotic indices.
- Concerns of women presenting to a comprehensive cancer centre for genetic cancer risk assessment.
- Paradigms for primary prevention of ovarian carcinoma.
- [mRNA expression and mutation of MTA1 and nm23H1 genes in ovarian carcinoma in relation to lymph node metastasis]
- [Role of vascular endothelial growth factor overexpression in ovarian tumor invasion and mechanism]
- [Loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 3p14, 25 in serum DNA from ovarian cancer patients]
- A clinicopathologic analysis of atypical proliferative (borderline) tumors and well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinomas of the
- Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) genotype and phenotype, galactose consumption, and the risk of borderline and invasive ovarian
- [Ovarian cancer]
- [Mutation and expression of p16 in human ovarian neoplasms]
- Tea consumption and ovarian cancer risk: a case-control study in China.
- Ovarian cancer screening and prevention.
- Ovarian cancer.
- Identification of heat shock protein 90 and other proteins as tumour antigens by serological screening of an ovarian carcinoma expression
- Patients' attitudes about autonomy and confidentiality in genetic testing for breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility.
- Overexpression of the thymosin beta-10 gene in human ovarian cancer cells disrupts F-actin stress fiber and leads to apoptosis.
- [Latest information in the diagnoses of ovarian carcinoma]
- [Ovarian cancer]
- Distribution of p53 codon 72 polymorphisms in ovarian tumour patients and their prognostic significance in ovarian cancer patients.
- Tumor volumetry as predictive and prognostic factor in the management of ovarian cancer.
- A prospective study of clinico-pathological features of epithelial ovarian cancer in Pakistan.
- Correlation of MDR-1, nm23-H1 and H Sema E gene expression with histopathological findings and clinical outcome in ovarian and breast
- Value of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the preoperative evaluation of suspected ovarian masses.
- Effects of prostaglandin E(2) on proliferation and apoptosis of epithelial ovarian cancer cells.
- Characterization of 2 novel and 2 recurring BRCA1 germline mutations in breast and/or ovarian carcinoma patients from the area of Naples.
- Microsatellite instability, MLH-1 promoter hypermethylation, and frameshift mutations at coding mononucleotide repeat microsatellites in
- Frequent LOH at hMLH1, a highly variable SNP in hMSH3, and negligible coding instability in ovarian cancer.
- Diagnostic x-rays and risk of epithelial ovarian carcinoma in Jews.
- Gene expression in epithelial ovarian carcinoma.
- Association between acetaminophen or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs and risk of developing ovarian, breast, or colon cancer.
- Functional insulin receptors on human epithelial ovarian carcinoma cells: implications for IGF-II mitogenic signaling.
- Gene expression in ovarian cancer reflects both morphology and biological behavior, distinguishing clear cell from other poor-prognosis
- The effect of residual mass size on response to chemotherapy after surgical cytoreduction for advanced ovarian cancer: long-term results.
- Ovarian tumors associated with multiple endocrine neoplasias and related syndromes (Carney complex, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, von Hippel-Lindau
- Is there a difference in outcome between stage I-II endometrial cancer of papillary serous/clear cell and endometrioid FIGO Grade 3 cancer?
- Serous borderline tumors of the ovary: a long-term follow-up study of 137 cases, including 18 with a micropapillary pattern and 20 with
- Micropapillary and cribriform patterns in ovarian serous tumors of low malignant potential: a study of 99 advanced stage cases.
- [Clinical analysis of 25 cases of malignant transformation of endometriosis of the ovary]
- [Prognostic factors in granulosa cell tumor of the ovary]
- Three-dimensional ultrasound and power doppler improve the diagnosis of ovarian lesions.
- Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound improves the diagnostic accuracy for ovarian cancer prediction.
- Symptoms of ovarian cancer.
- Comparison of conventional color Doppler imaging and power doppler imaging for the diagnosis of ovarian cancer: results of a European
- Symptoms of ovarian cancer.
- Is three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasound better than two-dimensional power Doppler?
- [The characteristics diagnosis and treatment of hepatic metastasis of simple immature ovarian teratoma]
- [Establishment of cisplatin-induced multidrug resistant human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line 3AO/cDDP and its expressions of multidrug
- Analysis of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in breast and breast/ovarian cancer families shows population substructure in the Iberian peninsula.
- Immunohistochemical analysis of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin-D3-receptors, estrogen and progesterone receptors and Ki-67 in ovarian carcinoma.
- Epithelial ovarian carcinoma and fertility of parents.
- Epithelial ovarian carcinoma and fertility of parents.
- Intraperitoneal bispecific antibody (HEA125xOKT3) therapy inhibits malignant ascites production in advanced ovarian carcinoma.
- Analysis of the human progesterone receptor gene polymorphism PROGINS in Austrian ovarian cancer patients.
- Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy in women with a BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutation.
- Prophylactic oophorectomy in carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.
- Age at diagnosis and other prognosticators in epithelial ovarian cancers.
- Oophorectomy in carriers of BRCA mutations.
- Oophorectomy in carriers of BRCA mutations.
- Oophorectomy in carriers of BRCA mutations.
- Oophorectomy in carriers of BRCA mutations.
- Current treatment for ovarian cancer.
- The prophylactic administration of recombinant erythropoietin in the management of ovarian cancer: time for a definitive phase 3 randomized
- The contribution of rapid intraoperative cytology to the improvement of ovarian cancer staging.
- Age contrasts in clinical characteristics and pattern of care in patients with epithelial ovarian cancer.
Table of Contents
1
UI - 12161607
AU - Kauff ND; Perez-Segura P; Robson ME; Scheuer L; Siegel B; Schluger A;
TI -
Rapaport B; Frank TS; Nafa K; Ellis NA; Parmigiani G; Offit K
Incidence of non-founder BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations in high risk
Ashkenazi breast and ovarian cancer families.
SO - J Med Genet 2002 Aug;39(8):611-4
2
UI - 11881908
AU - Isaacs C; Peshkin BN; Schwartz M; Demarco TA; Main D; Lerman C
TI -
Breast and ovarian cancer screening practices in healthy women with a
strong family history of breast or ovarian cancer.
SO - Breast Cancer Res Treat 2002 Jan;71(2):103-12
AD - Department of Medical Oncology, Lombardi Cancer Center, Georgetown
University, Washington, DC 20007-2197, USA. isaacsc@georgetown.edu
Studies in women with a family history of cancer demonstrate a wide
variability in the uptake of cancer screening measures. Little data
exist regarding the breast and ovarian cancer screening practices of
women who are members of hereditary breast cancer families. In order to
address this issue, we examined the screening behaviors and the
determinants of screening in a clinic based group of 216 women with a
strong family history of breast or ovarian cancer who were participating
in a free genetic counseling and testing research program. At baseline,
prior to obtaining genetic counseling or testing, 50% of women ages
30-39, 83% of those age 40-49, 69% of those 50-64, and 53% of those >65
reported having a mammogram in the prior year. Adherence to mammography
recommendations was correlated with age, number of relatives with breast
cancer, and income. Twenty percent of participants had at least one CA-
125 performed and 31 % had ever obtained a screening ultrasound. Having
at least one relative with ovarian cancer was very strongly associated
with ovarian cancer screening [OR = 12.3, 95% CI = 4.6-33 for CA-125;
OR=4.9, 95% CI=2.4, 10.1 for ultrasound]. No association between cancer
worries/distress and either breast or ovarian cancer screening was
found. In conclusion, the breast and ovarian screening uptake in healthy
women from hereditary breast cancer families is suboptimal, even for
women over age 50, for whom annual mammography is clearly indicated.
These findings indicate a need for better education about screening
guidelines for high-risk women.
3
UI - 11928869
AU - Brustmann H
TI -
Apoptotic bodies as a morphological feature in serous ovarian carcinoma:
correlation with nuclear grade, Ki-67 and mitotic indices.
SO - Pathol Res Pract 2002;198(2):85-90
AD - Department of Pathology, Landeskrankenhaus, Moedling/Vienna, Austria.
This study evaluated the relation of apoptosis with mitotic activity,
Ki-67 indices, and nuclear and architectural grades in serous ovarian
carcinoma. Apoptotic body (ABI) and mitotic indices (MI) were obtained
by examining hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections from 35 serous
ovarian carcinomas for apoptotic bodies and mitotic figures. ABI and MI
were reported as the number of apoptotic bodies, and mitotic figures and
immunostaining for Ki-67, respectively, as positive cells in 1000 cells.
Nuclear grade was determined as grade 1 [n = 11], grade 2 [n = 13], and
grade 3 [n = 11] according to recently defined criteria. There was a
significant correlation between Ki-67 indices and ABI (p < 0.0001),
Ki-67 and MI (p < 0.0001), as well as between MI and ABI (p < 0.0001).
ABI increased with nuclear grade (p < 0.0001) and the type of the
histological differentiation pattern (from glandular to papillary and
solid architectural patterns) (p < 0.0001). Apoptosis, quantitated by
ABI, is positively correlated with proliferation, thereby constituting a
factor in the regulation of tumor growth of serous ovarian carcinomas.
The positive correlation between ABI and increasing nuclear grade,
mitotic activity, and architectural growth pattern may indicate that
apoptotic bodies are another variable for grading serous ovarian
carcinomas.
4
UI - 12114489
AU - MacDonald DJ; Choi J; Ferrell B; Sand S; McCaffrey S; Blazer KR; Grant
TI -
M; Weitzel JN
Concerns of women presenting to a comprehensive cancer centre for
genetic cancer risk assessment.
SO - J Med Genet 2002 Jul;39(7):526-30
5
UI - 12139233
AU - Barnes MN; Grizzle WE; Grubbs CJ; Partridge EE
TI -
Paradigms for primary prevention of ovarian carcinoma.
SO - CA Cancer J Clin 2002 Jul-Aug;52(4):216-25
AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Alabama at
Birmingham, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To provide the clinician with current concepts regarding
prevention of ovarian cancer. Specifically, in this review, we provide a
rationale for chemoprevention of ovarian cancer, a description of
promising chemopreventive agents, and an overview of surgical strategies
used in the prevention of ovarian cancer. DATA SOURCES: A computerized
the MEDLINE database from the period of 1966 to present. Search terms
utilized included ovarian neoplasms, primary prevention,
chemoprevention, oral contraceptives, NSAIDs, retinoids, ovariectomy,
and tubal sterilization. Additional sources were identified through
cross-referencing. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: All identified references
relevant to prevention of ovarian carcinoma were reviewed. TABULATION,
INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: Each reference was reviewed to determine the
relevant contribution to the fundamental science of ovarian cancer
prevention. Particular attention was paid to those studies that offered
insight into the development of translational trials in ovarian cancer
chemoprevention. CONCLUSIONS: Investigation into chemoprevention for
ovarian cancer represents a vastly underdeveloped area of research.
Continued research efforts toward identification of novel compounds will
accelerate the progress of clinical trials in this neglected area of
investigation.
6
UI - 11783065
AU - Huang G; Song Y; He G
TI -
[mRNA expression and mutation of MTA1 and nm23H1 genes in ovarian
carcinoma in relation to lymph node metastasis]
SO - Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2001 Jan;23(1):31-4
AD - Institute of Cancer Research, First Affiliated Hospital, West China
University of Medical Sciences, Chengdu 610041, China.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate mRNA expression and mutation of MTA1 and
nm23H1 genes in ovarian carcinoma (OC) in relation to lymph node (LN)
metastasis. METHODS: A panel of eight normal ovarian tissues, twenty
primary OC specimens and twenty corresponding LNs was examined for mRNA
expression and mutation of MTA1 and nm23H1 genes by using RT-PCR and
RT-PCR-SSCP. The level of expression was determined by the relative
optic density (ROD) of the PCR products. RESULTS: The frequency of MTA1
overexpression was 100% (7/7) in primary OC with metastasis but only
38.5% (5/13) in those without metastasis (P = 0.0103). Overexpression of
MTA1 was observed in 87.5% (6/7) of LNs with metastasis but in only 23%
(3/13) of LNs without metastasis (P = 0.0118). In contrast with MTA1,
low expression of nm23H1 mRNA was seen in 7 of 7 OC with metastasis but
only in 4 of 13 (30%) of those without metastasis (P = 0.0043). Low
nm23H1 expression was also seen in 7 of 7 LNs with metastasis but only
in 5 of 13 (38.5%) nonmetastatic LNs (P = 0.0102). The ROD ratio of MTA1
to nm23H1 increased with the development of metastasis. No mutation of
MTA1 and nm23H1 was found by SSCP analysis. CONCLUSION: The mRNA
expression of MTA1 and nm23H1 is positively and negatively correlated
with LN metastasis, respectively. Expression abnormalities but not
mutation of the two genes are frequent events related to LN metastasis
of ovarian cancer.
7
UI - 12133405
AU - Lu Y; Zhang A; Wang S; Li J; Wang C; Ma D
TI -
[Role of vascular endothelial growth factor overexpression in ovarian
tumor invasion and mechanism]
SO - Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2002 May;37(5):294-7
AD - Department of Ostetrics and Gynecology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical
College, Huazhong Science and Technology University, Wuhan 430030,
China.
OBJECTIVE: To study the role of vascular endothelial growth factor
(VEGF) overexpression in ovarian tumor metastasis and associated
mechanism. METHODS: The VEGF cDNA was transfected into ovarian tumor
cell lines CAOV3 and COC1. Transfected and nontransfected cells were
screened for VEGF, gelatinase A (MMP-2) mRNA and protein by reverse
transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot and
substrate zymography, respectively. The invasive ability of two ovarian
tumor cell lines was analysed with Boyden chamber invasion assay before
and after VEGF cDNA transfection. RESULTS: The expression of VEGF, MMP-2
mRNA and protein were increased (P < 0.05) after VEGF cDNA transfection,
detected by RT-PCR, Western blot and substrate zymography. After VEGF
cDNA transfection, the mean invasion percentage of two ovarian tumor
cells [CAOV3: (42.5 +/- 4.1)%; COC1: (26.8 +/- 2.4)%] were higher than
that before transfection [CAOV3: (24.7 +/- 1.9)%; COC1: (8.6 +/- 1.1)%,
P < 0.05]. CONCLUSION: The expression of VEGF correlates to the in vitro
invasion of ovarian tumor cell and induction of MMP-2 by VEGF is a key
component of VEGF-induced ovarian tumor cell invasion.
8
UI - 12133406
AU - Zhang H; Li Z; Chen M; Zhang G; Xu K
TI -
[Loss of heterozygosity at chromosome 3p14, 25 in serum DNA from ovarian
cancer patients]
SO - Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2002 May;37(5):298-300
AD - Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Shanghai Cancer Institute, Shanghai
200032, China.
OBJECTIVE: Investigate the frequency of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at
chromosome arm the short arm chromosome 3p14, 25 in the serum DNA from
ovarian cancer and its clinical application. METHODS: Thirty-eight
ovarian cancer serum samples with 18 corresponding tumor tissues and 8
benign ovarian tumors were obtained, and DNA samples extracted from
serum and tissue were examined for 3p14, 25 LOH by using of polymerase
chain reaction with four polymorphic microsatellite markers (D3S1029,
D3S1228, D3S1300, D3S1481). RESULTS: Matched serum and tissue DNAs from
18 ovarian cancer patients showed significant concordance of 3p14, 25
LOH (P < 0.05). 3p14, 25 LOH in at least one of four loci occurred in 29
out of 38 (76%) serum samples, while 17 serum samples (45%) exhibited
LOH at more than one locus. According to International Federation of
Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) staging, there was a trend that the
rate of LOH was higher in advanced stages, and the frequency of loss in
stage II, III, IV was 2/4, 78%, 8/9 respectively. It was also found that
the number of microsatellite markers with 3p14, 25 LOH was increased
with tumor progressed. No significant association of pathological types
with LOH in serum DNA could be demonstrated except at locus D3S1029.
CONCLUSIONS: Since the strong correlation of 3p14, 25 LOH between serum
DNA and tumor tissue DNA, as well as the frequency of 3p14, 25 LOH
associated with malignancy of ovarian cancer, it is suggested that
detection of serum DNA 3p14, 25 LOH may be used as a molecular marker
for staging and monitoring human ovarian cancer.
9
UI - 11075848
AU - Bell KA; Kurman RJ
TI -
A clinicopathologic analysis of atypical proliferative (borderline)
tumors and well-differentiated endometrioid adenocarcinomas of the
ovary.
SO - Am J Surg Pathol 2000 Nov;24(11):1465-79
AD - Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland
21287, USA.
Atypical proliferative (borderline) endometrioid tumors (APTs) and
well-differentiated endometrioid carcinomas of the ovary constitute a
spectrum of morphologically diverse proliferative tumors. There is
currently no agreement on the criteria for distinguishing them. We
report the clinicopathologic features of 56 proliferative endometrioid
tumors focusing on the criteria for invasion, the clinical significance
of microinvasion and cytologic atypia, and prognosis. Endometriomas,
adenofibromas, adenosarcomas and moderately to poorly differentiated
carcinomas were excluded, as were patients with concurrent endometrioid
carcinoma of the endometrium. The tumors were classified as atypical
proliferative tumor (APT) (33 tumors), APT with intraepithelial
carcinoma (high-grade cytology in a tumor lacking stromal invasion)
(three tumors), APT with microinvasion (invasion <5 mm) (five tumors),
and invasive carcinoma (invasion > or = 5 mm) ( 15 tumors). All tumors
were confined to the ovary (stage I). In 50 patients, the tumor involved
one ovary, and in three patients, the tumors were bilateral. The
predominant growth pattern was adenofibromatous in 29 tumors and
glandular or papillary in 27 tumors. In 8 (24%) of 41 APTs, areas of
benign adenofibroma were identified, and in 13 (87%) of 15 carcinomas,
areas of associated APT were identified. Stromal invasion was manifested
by confluent glandular growth in all 15 invasive carcinomas and all
tumors with microinvasion. Destructive infiltrative growth was also
present in 2 (13%) of 15 carcinomas. Confluent glandular growth was the
most common manifestation of stromal invasion and therefore served as
the best criterion for the diagnosis of carcinoma. Squamous
differentiation was observed in 24 tumors, and mucinous differentiation
was seen in 20 tumors and was most often seen in APTs. Endometriosis was
present in 14 patients with APTs and one patient with carcinoma. Four
patients had hyperplasia or atypical hyperplasia of the endometrium. One
patient with an APT had a concurrent peritoneal serous neoplasm.
Twenty-one patients had available clinical follow-up. Twenty (95%) of 21
patients, including six with invasive carcinoma, two with microinvasion,
one with intraepithelial carcinoma, and 11 with APT were alive with no
evidence of disease with a mean follow-up of 47 months. One patient with
carcinoma had recurrent tumor after 46 months and was alive 40 months
after resection of the recurrent tumor. In this large series of
proliferative endometrioid tumors, all were stage I and only one patient
had a recurrence. Most carcinomas contained evidence of a precursor APT,
and in some APTs, an associated benign adenofibroma was identified.
Microinvasion or intraepithelial carcinoma occurred in 19% of APTs. This
finding likely reflects the various stages of endometrioid
carcinogenesis in the ovary. For clinical management, we suggest that
these tumors be divided into two categories-APTs and well-differentiated
carcinoma-because based on the available data, cytologic atypia and
microinvasion appear not to affect the prognosis.
10
UI - 11936817
AU - Cozen W; Peters R; Reichardt JK; Ng W; Felix JC; Wan P; Pike MC
TI -
Galactose-1-phosphate uridyl transferase (GALT) genotype and phenotype,
galactose consumption, and the risk of borderline and invasive ovarian
cancer (United States).
SO - Cancer Causes Control 2002 Mar;13(2):113-20
AD - Department of Preventive Medicine, USC Keck School of Medicine,
USC/Norris Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
OBJECTIVE: Previous studies have suggested that high levels of galactose
consumption and/or low levels of galactose-I-phosphate uridyl
transferase (GALT) activity may result in an increased risk of
epithelial ovarian cancer. Similarly, some have reported that carriers
of the N314D (asparagine at codon 314 replaced by aspartate) GALT
polymorphism, which can be associated with low GALT activity, may have a
higher risk of ovarian cancer. We examined these issues as part of a
large case-control study of ovarian cancer conducted in Los Angeles
between 1992 and 1998. METHODS: A total of 1,439 histologically
confirmed borderline and invasive ovarian cancer cases among
English-speaking non-Asian women were ascertained through the
population-based cancer registry for Los Angeles County and completed
in-person interviews were obtained from 689 of these (78% of cases
approached). Controls consisted of 645 English-speaking non-Asian women
with at least one intact ovary matched to cases on race/ethnicity
(African-American, Latina, non-Latina White), date of birth (+/-3
years), and neighborhood of residence. Interviewer-administered
questionnaires included information on reproductive factors, exogenous
hormone use, medical history, and diet. Dietary information for the year
before each case's diagnosis (and the same period for her matched
control) was obtained using a self-administered food-frequency
questionnaire. Blood samples were obtained from 452 controls, 136 cases
with borderline ovarian cancer, and 312 cases with invasive ovarian
cancer. The N314D polymorphism was characterized using PCR-RFLP and GALT
enzyme activity, and was determined for a sample of the subjects with
GALT genotype using an erythrocyte-based radioactive enzyme assay.
RESULTS: We found no effect of N314D GALT genotype on the risk of
borderline ovarian cancer (odds ratio (OR)=0.91; 95% confidence interval
(CI)=0.54-1.6) or invasive ovarian cancer (OR=0.78; 95% CI= 0.53-1.2).
Neither did we observe a relationship between GALT activity or
lactose/galactose intake and risk of borderline or invasive ovarian
cancer. Among N314D carriers, galactose consumption was associated with
an increased risk of borderline (OR = 2.7, p = 0.01), but not invasive
(OR = 1.2, p = 0.34), ovarian cancer; however, this result was based on
only 24 N314D-positive borderline cases. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in
galactose intake and GALT metabolism do not contribute significantly to
the risk of ovarian cancer. There is some evidence that galactose intake
may play a role in the development of borderline ovarian cancer among
women who carry the uncommon GALT N314D polymorphism. More data are
needed if this latter suggestion is to be definitively addressed.
11
UI - 12082861
AU - Bertelsen K; Knudsen JB
TI -
[Ovarian cancer]
SO - Ugeskr Laeger 2002 Jun 3;164(23):3056-9
AD - Onkologisk haematologisk afdeling R, Odense Universitetshospital,
DK-5000 Odense C.
12
UI - 12080712
AU - Zhang Y; Chao Y; Yang Z
TI -
[Mutation and expression of p16 in human ovarian neoplasms]
SO - Hunan Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao 1999;24(6):529-32
AD - Xiangya Hospital, Hunan Medical University, Changsha 410008.
OBJECTIVES: To detect mutation and expression of p16 in human ovarian
neoplasms and to understand the relations between p16 and development of
ovarian neoplasms. METHODS: Polymerase chain reaction-single strand
polymorphism analysis and immunohistochemistry were respectively used to
detect mutations in exon 1 and 2 and protein expression in 14 patients
with ovarian neoplasms. Metastasis tissue of 5 mentioned patients were
screened at the same time. RESULTS: No expression of p16 was found in 7
ovarian neoplasm tissues. No mutation in exon 1 of p16 was found in any
patient tissues, but mutations in exon 2 were found in 4 patients
tissues and expression of p16 was not found in 2 of them. There was
correspondence between primary focus and metastasis in either gene
mutation or protein expression. CONCLUSIONS: Inactivation of p16 may be
involved in the development of ovarian neoplasms. Gene mutation is a
kind of inactivation. Alterations of p16 probably occur before
metastasis.
13
UI - 12163323
AU - Zhang M; Binns CW; Lee AH
TI -
Tea consumption and ovarian cancer risk: a case-control study in China.
SO - Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2002 Aug;11(8):713-8
AD - School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA
6845, Australia.
To investigate whether tea consumption has an etiological association
with ovarian cancer, a case-control study was conducted in China during
1999-2000. The cases were 254 patients with histologically confirmed
epithelial ovarian cancer. The 652 controls comprised 340 hospital
visitors, 261 non-neoplasm hospital outpatients, and 51 women recruited
from the community. Information on the frequency, type, and duration of
tea consumption was collected by personal interview using a validated
questionnaire. The risk of ovarian cancer for tea consumption was
assessed using adjusted odds ratios based on multivariate logistic
regression analysis, accounting for confounding demographic, lifestyle,
and familial factors including hormonal status and family ovarian
cancer. The ovarian cancer risk declined with increasing frequency and
duration of overall tea consumption. The adjusted odds ratio was 0.39
for those drinking tea daily and 0.23 for those drinking tea for >30
years, compared with nontea drinkers. The dose response relationships
were significant, and the inverse association with ovarian cancer was
observed for green tea consumption. We concluded that increasing
frequency and duration of tea drinking, especially green tea, can reduce
the risk of ovarian cancer. However, the protective effects of black tea
and Oolong tea need to be additionally investigated.
14
UI - 12184039
AU - Cherry C; Vacchiano SA
TI -
Ovarian cancer screening and prevention.
SO - Semin Oncol Nurs 2002 Aug;18(3):167-73
AD - Family Risk Assessment Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 7701 Burholme
Ave, Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To review current ovarian cancer prevention and detection
recommendations using a risk assessment framework, and discuss the genes
related to hereditary ovarian cancer syndromes. DATA SOURCES: Published
articles, consensus opinions, and reports. CONCLUSIONS: Women at highest
risk are those with a family history and/or genetic predisposition.
Management guidelines include pelvic exam, CA125, and transvaginal
ultrasound, although their efficacy is limited. Individualized risk
assessment can be useful in assisting women who face decisions regarding
prevention options. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: Nurses are
challenged to identify women at increased risk for ovarian cancer, and
to recognize the complex issues faced when these women pursue screening
and prevention strategies.
15
UI - 12184040
AU - Martin VR
TI -
Ovarian cancer.
SO - Semin Oncol Nurs 2002 Aug;18(3):174-83
AD - Ambulatory Care, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 7701 Burholme Ave,
Philadelphia, PA 19111, USA.
OBJECTIVES: To review the progress in the management of ovarian cancer
in the last decade and future directions. DATA SOURCES: Research
studies, review articles, and abstracts. CONCLUSIONS: There is an
increased understanding of ovarian cancer biology, the genetic basis for
hereditary ovarian cancer, staging and the role of cytoreductive
surgery, and more effective chemotherapy, resulting in an increase in
the percentage of patients who will live 5 years from the time of
diagnosis. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: The nurse can play an
invaluable role as the options of treatment are considered and weighed
against quality-of-life considerations.
16
UI - 12177805
AU - Luo LY; Herrera I; Soosaipillai A; Diamandis EP
TI -
Identification of heat shock protein 90 and other proteins as tumour
antigens by serological screening of an ovarian carcinoma expression
library.
SO - Br J Cancer 2002 Jul 29;87(3):339-43
AD - Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital,
Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada.
Serological screening of recombinant cDNA expression libraries has been
widely used for the identification of tumour antigens in various cancer
types. Identification of tumour antigens in ovarian cancer may
facilitate the development of vaccine-based therapies and of disease
biomarkers. The purpose of our investigation is to identify tumour
antigens in ovarian cancer by using the serological analysis of
recombinant cDNA expression libraries method. A recombinant ovarian
carcinoma cDNA expression library was screened with ascites fluid,
pooled from five ovarian cancer patients. Twelve tumour antigens encoded
by known genes were isolated, including ribosomal protein S18, heat
shock protein 90, JK-recombination signal binding protein,
ribonucleoprotein H1, RAN binding protein 7, TG-interacting factor,
eukaryotic translation initiation factor p40 subunit, human amyloid
precursor protein-binding protein 1, ribosomal protein L8, CDC23, IQ
motif containing GTPase activating protein 1, and ribosomal protein L3.
Heat shock protein 90 was chosen for further investigation. The
prevalence of hsp90 autoantibodies in ovarian cancer was determined with
immunoassay. Sera from 22 normal females, 32 from ovarian cancer (22
stage III/IV, 10 stage I/II), 37 colorectal cancer, 13 breast cancer, 10
lung cancer, 20 benign gynaecologic diseases, and 10 benign breast
lesions were screened. Seven (32%) stage III/IV ovarian cancer, 1 (10%)
stage I/II ovarian cancer, 1 (3%) colorectal cancer, 1 (8%) breast
cancer, and 1 (5%) benign gynaecologic disease sera were found to
contain hsp90 autoantibodies. These data support the view that hsp90
autoantibodies are frequently found in late stage ovarian cancer. Hsp90
may, therefore, represent a novel biomarker for ovarian cancer and a
candidate ovarian cancer vaccine target. Copyright 2002 Cancer Research
UK
17
UI - 9415688
AU - Benkendorf JL; Reutenauer JE; Hughes CA; Eads N; Willison J; Powers M;
TI -
Lerman C
Patients' attitudes about autonomy and confidentiality in genetic
testing for breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility.
SO - Am J Med Genet 1997 Dec 19;73(3):296-303
AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Georgetown University Medical
Center, Washington, DC 20007, USA.
The identification of BRCA1 and BRCA2, two breast-ovarian cancer
susceptibility genes, has brought many ethical and social issues to the
forefront. This paper presents the results of a survey assessing the
attitudes of 238 unaffected first-degree relatives of women with breast
or ovarian cancer regarding the ethical issues of autonomy and
confidentiality as they relate to BRCA1/2 testing. Baseline knowledge
about BRCA1/2 and ethnic and psychosocial characteristics of our study
population were examined to determine their association with women's
attitudes. The majority of women (86-87%) felt that health care
providers should not disclose the results of genetic tests for
breast-ovarian cancer susceptibility to insurance companies or employers
without written consent; however, only 56-57% felt that written consent
should be required for a spouse or immediate family to receive this
information. Ninety-eight percent of the women surveyed agreed that
genetic testing for breast-ovarian cancer risk should be voluntary.
Likewise, most women (95%) agreed that a person should be able to have
genetic testing against a doctor's recommendation and 88% of the women
surveyed agreed that parents should be able to consent to genetic
susceptibility testing on behalf of their minor children. African
American women were less concerned than Caucasian women about the
protection of confidentiality in families, they were more likely to
agree that an individual should still have access to testing when their
physicians recommended against it, and they were more supportive of
parents' rights to consent to genetic predisposition testing on behalf
of their minor children. Women with coping styles characterized by
higher optimism were more likely to favor access to genetic testing when
a physician recommended against it, and to support parents' rights to
consent to testing of their minor children. Therefore, the setting and
manner in which genetic counseling and testing are delivered must be
appropriately tailored to reflect these attitudinal differences and
preferences.
18
UI - 11709704
AU - Lee SH; Zhang W; Choi JJ; Cho YS; Oh SH; Kim JW; Hu L; Xu J; Liu J; Lee
TI -
JH; Lee SH
Overexpression of the thymosin beta-10 gene in human ovarian cancer
cells disrupts F-actin stress fiber and leads to apoptosis.
SO - Oncogene 2001 Oct 11;20(46):6700-6
AD - Molecular Therapy Research Center, College of Medicine, Sung Kyun Kwan
University, Samsung Medical Center, 50 Ilwon-Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul
135-710, Korea.
To understand the molecular changes during ovarian cancer development,
we profiled differentially expressed genes in five paired normal and
cancerous ovarian tissues. Among the genes that showed differential
expression, thymosin beta-10 expression was decreased in four of five
cancer tissues. The decreased level of expression was confirmed by
Northern. To investigate the gene's functional role in ovarian cancers,
we constructed an adenovirus vector expressing thymosin beta-10 and used
it to infect ovarian cancer cell lines PA-I and SKOV3. The infected
cells showed disrupted F-actin stress fibers, markedly decreased cell
growth, and a high rate of apoptosis. Thus, because loss of thymosin
beta-10 expression may contribute to the development of a subset of
ovarian cancers, restoration of thymosin beta-10 expression may be a new
strategy for ovarian cancer treatment.
19
UI - 12214460
AU - Isonishi S
TI -
[Latest information in the diagnoses of ovarian carcinoma]
SO - Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2002 Aug;29(8):1351-7
AD - Dept. of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jikei University School of Medicine.
Despite improvements in median and overall survival from a combination
of improved operation techniques and chemotherapy with
platinum-compounds and paclitaxel, long-term survival rates for patients
with epithelial ovarian carcinoma remain disappointing, and ongoing
efforts are aimed at developing more effective primary therapies. In
early ovarian carcinoma, conservative management is used to denote
surgery that preserves reproductive potential without compromising
curability. With some exceptions, such a strategy may be applicable for
women younger than 40, who wish to bear children. A major dilemma facing
gynecologic oncologists is to determine whether the accurate staging
laparotomy is needed for apparent low-risk stage I ovarian carcinoma and
how many cycles of chemotherapy will be needed for high-risk stage I
ovarian carcinoma. In advanced ovarian carcinoma, main objectives of
salvage therapy include: a improvement in quality of life and symptoms;
b. tumor load reduction and survival advantage; c. evaluation of
potentially active new drugs to be included in first-line treatment. We
need to evaluate the potential benefit on survival of systematic pelvic
and para-aortic lymphadenectomy during primary or secondary
cytoreductive surgery in patients with advanced ovarian carcinoma.
Paclitaxel/cisplatin is considered to be the international standard
treatment based on the data of GOG 111 trial showing that
paclitaxel/cisplatin has provided a survival benefit better than that of
cyclophosphamide/cisplatin. This choice of standard therapy might,
however, be questioned based on the results of the largest randomised
study, ICON3. There were no statistically significant differences in
progression-free or overall survival among paclitaxel/carboplatin and
carboplatin only or a platinum combination
(cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/cisplatin). The best selection for
adjuvant chemotherapy is still controversial and a large number of
studies are now ongoing.
20
UI - 12183965
AU - Finnish Gynecological Association
TI -
[Ovarian cancer]
SO - Duodecim 2001;117(22):2318-32
21
UI - 12168882
AU - Hogdall EV; Hogdall CK; Christensen L; Glud E; Blaakaer J; Bock JE;
TI -
Vuust J; Norgaard-Pedersen B; Kjaer SK
Distribution of p53 codon 72 polymorphisms in ovarian tumour patients
and their prognostic significance in ovarian cancer patients.
SO - Anticancer Res 2002 May-Jun;22(3):1859-64
AD - Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen.
estrid@cancer.dk
BACKGROUND: The p53 gene is frequently mutated in various human tumours.
In addition, single nucleotide polymorphisms are often observed in exons
and introns of the p53 gene in normal tissues and tumours. MATERIALS AND
METHODS: The prevalence of a polymorphism involving codon 72 of exon 4
in the p53 gene was studied in peripheral white blood cells and tumour
tissues from Danish ovarian tumour patients and in peripheral white
blood cells from controls. The analyses were performed by Polymerase
Chain Reaction (PCR), Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (RFLP)
and DNA sequencing. The amino acid residue at this position is either
arginine (p53-Arg) or proline (p53-Pro). RESULTS: There was no
correlation between the frequency of the three genotypes (Pro/Pro,
Arg/Arg and Arg/Pro) and age, stage or histological type of the tumour.
A significant difference in survival was observed between ovarian cancer
stage III patients with a shift from one genotype in the blood to
another genotype in the tissue and patients with no shift (p=0.0216).
CONCLUSION: Kaplan-Meier survival analyses and multivariate Cox
regression analysis stratified to stage III ovarian cancer patients
showed that a shift from one genotype in the blood to another genotype
in the tissue is a prognostic factor in Danish ovarian cancer patients.
22
UI - 12168891
AU - Andreopoulou E; Andreopoulos D; Adamidis K; Fountzila-Kalogera A;
TI -
Fountzilas G; Dimopoulos MA; Aravantinos G; Zamboglou N; Baltas D;
Pavlidis N
Tumor volumetry as predictive and prognostic factor in the management of
ovarian cancer.
SO - Anticancer Res 2002 May-Jun;22(3):1903-8
AD - Department of Medical Oncology, University of Ioannina, Greece.
BACKGROUND: The usefulness of tumor volumetry in ovarian epithelial
cancer has never been intensively investigated. The aim of the present
study was to determine the value of quantitative analysis of tumor
volume as a predictive method for response to treatment and as a
prognostic method for disease outcome. MATERIALS AND METHODS:
Seventy-five women with advanced ovarian cancer who presented with
measurable disease on CT scan prior to chemotherapy were retrospectively
studied. The patients were treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. The
median follow-up was 113.36 weeks. An independent radiologist identified
and delineated tumor contours in each slice of sequential CT scans
before and after therapy. Volumetry was measured with a
three-dimensional approach by utilizing a digitizer and a specific
algorithm on a software computed program. RESULTS: Data were analyzed
according to initial and to residual tumor volumes. Patients with low
initial volume of <52 cm3 exhibited higher responses (p<0.01), while
patients with medium (52-165 cm3) or high (>165 CM3) initial tumor
volume had a shorter time to progression (p<0.01). Patients without or
with low residual volume of <35 cm3 were found to have a longer time to
progression (p<0.05) and longer survival (p<0.01 and p<0.05). In
addition, serum CA 125 levels followed precisely tumor volumetry for
both initial and residual disease. CONCLUSION: Tumor volumetry in
advanced ovarian cancer was found to have predictive value for response
to platinum-based chemotherapy. Initial tumor volume has prognostic
significance only for the time to progression, whereas residual tumor
volume has for both time to progression and survival.
23
UI - 12174480
AU - Malik IA
TI -
A prospective study of clinico-pathological features of epithelial
ovarian cancer in Pakistan.
SO - J Pak Med Assoc 2002 Apr;52(4):155-8
AD - National Cancer Institute, Karachi.
BACKGROUND: Although geographic and racial differences in the incidence
of cancer are well recognized, information regarding any dissimilarity
in clinico-pathological behavior of cancers is scarce. In particular,
information from the developing countries regarding clinico-pathologic
features of even some of the common cancers such as ovarian cancer is
lacking. METHODS: Information was prospectively collected on all
patients with epithelial ovarian cancer referred to the National Cancer
Institute, Karachi, Pakistan between January 1, 1993 and June 30, 1998.
Information was obtained directly from the patients and a close
relative. Medical records were reviewed and radiologic and pathologic
re-evaluation was done when necessary. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty
six patients were accrued. Mean age was 49.5 (+/- 13) years. Most of the
well defined risk factors such as early menarche, late menopause,
nulliparity, lack of lactation were uncommonly observed. Twenty percent
of the patients had a positive family history of cancer. Most of these
relatives were young (46.1 years), first degree (68%) and had breast or
ovarian cancer. Clinical presentation, histologic features and stage of
disease were similar to the North American or European women with
epithelial ovarian cancer. CONCLUSION: Younger age at presentation and
higher frequency of positive family history are two unusual features of
Pakistani patients with epithelial ovarian cancer. This suggests a more
significant role played by the genetic factors in these patients.
Further work is needed.
24
UI - 12174914
AU - Galani E; Sgouros J; Petropoulou C; Janinis J; Aravantinos G;
TI -
Dionysiou-Asteriou D; Skarlos D; Gonos E
Correlation of MDR-1, nm23-H1 and H Sema E gene expression with
histopathological findings and clinical outcome in ovarian and breast
cancer patients.
SO - Anticancer Res 2002 Jul-Aug;22(4):2275-80
AD - National Hellenic Research Foundation, Institute of Biological Research
and Biotechnology, Athens, Greece.
The development of a molecular screening method for cancer patients is
of great importance, since it would contribute to the selection of the
most effective chemotherapy regimen for each patient. In the present
study we applied such a method, semi-quantative RT-PCR analysis, and we
examined the expression of the multidrug resistance gene MDR-1, the
metastasis suppressor gene nm23-H1 and the non-MDR drug resistant gene H
Sema E in 53 ovarian and breast cancer specimens. Moreover, we have
correlated the expression profile of these genes with the
histopathological findings and clinical outcome of the examined
patients. The majority of specimens were found to be positive for MDR-1
and H Sema E gene expression, while nm23-H1 was detected in less than
50% of the patients. Correlation and statistical analysis of the
molecular data with clinicopathological features showed that nm23-H1
could serve as a good prognostic factor for ovarian cancer patients. In
breast cancer patients, nm23-H1 expression was associated with a 6.1
higher death risk. Ovarian cancer patients who express nm23-H1, but not
MDR-1 and H Sema E, tend to have longer survival than patients with any
other gene combination. Finally, breast cancer patients with advanced
disease showed a better response when they were negative for all the
three genes studied. In conclusion this work proposes that the combined
study of the expression of different genes may be a useful approach for
evaluating patients' response to therapy.
25
UI - 12174952
AU - Huber S; Medl M; Baumann L; Czembirek H
TI -
Value of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging in the preoperative
evaluation of suspected ovarian masses.
SO - Anticancer Res 2002 Jul-Aug;22(4):2501-7
AD - Department of Radiology, Lainz Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
s.pankl@telering.at
BACKGROUND: The stage of ovarian carcinoma at diagnosis directly affects
prognosis. Thus, thorough pretreatment evaluation is basic to the
successful management of suspected ovarian masses. Among currently
available imaging techniques in characterization of suspected ovarian
neoplasms, sonography (US) is indisputedly the primary imaging approach.
When US is inconclusive, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is generally
prefered to computed tomography (CT). MATERIALS AND METHODS: 93
patients, who on the basis of clinical findings were suspected to have
ovarian cancer and who were scheduled for subsequent surgical staging
underwent preoperative transvaginal and abdominal ultrasound as well as
magnetic resonance imaging in a prospective comparative study. US and MR
images were evaluated for their information on the characterization and
staging of the ovarian masses. RESULTS: MRI correctly characterized
malignant and benign tumors in 89% of cases versus 85% by ultrasound.
The site of the primary tumor was correctly diagnosed in 94% of cases by
MRI vs. 90% by ultrasound. For US, the positive predictive value was
85%, the negative predictive value 73% vs. 92% and 89% for MRI. In
differentiation of nonadvanced disease from advanced malignancy, US
showed a false-positive rate of 0.416 and false-negative rate of 0.258
vs. 0.125 and 0.032 respectively, for MRI. CONCLUSION: MRI was superior
in diagnosis of malignant ovarian masses though US, too, performed well
at lesion detection and characterization. With regard to tumor staging
MRI is emerging as a problem-solving modality and may allow more
appropriate clinical decisions to be made in selected patients with
complex adnexal disease.
26
UI - 12009392
AU - Munkarah AR; Morris R; Baumann P; Deppe G; Malone J; Diamond MP; Saed GM
TI -
Effects of prostaglandin E(2) on proliferation and apoptosis of
epithelial ovarian cancer cells.
SO - J Soc Gynecol Investig 2002 May-Jun;9(3):168-73
AD - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School
of Medicine, 4707 St. Antoine -5 West, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
OBJECTIVE: There is strong evidence indicating that prostaglandins (PG)
and their synthesizing enzyme cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) play an important
role in tumorigenesis. The purposes of the present study were to
determine the pattern of expression of COX-2 and the effect of PG
treatment on proliferation and apoptosis in epithelial ovarian cancer
cells. METHODS: Two epithelial ovarian cancer cell lines, MDAH-2774 and
SKOV3, were grown in flasks to confluence. Cells were then treated with
exogenous dimethyl prostaglandin E(2) (dmPGE(2)) at increasing
concentrations of 0-10 microg/mL. Total RNA was extracted from cells at
different treatment doses and subjected to reverse
transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for the semiquantitative
analysis of COX-2, Bcl-2, and bax expression. Flow cytometry was
performed to assess effect of treatment on the cell cycle. The TUNEL
assay was used to assess apoptosis. RESULTS: We found that COX-2 was
constitutively expressed in the MDAH-2774 and SKOV3 epithelial ovarian
cancer cells as determined by detection of a 304-bp amplified fragment
using specific primers for the COX-2 gene. Treatment of both cell lines
with dmPGE(2) resulted in dose-dependently higher expression of COX-2,
Bcl-2, and bax mRNA compared with untreated cells. These changes were
associated with an increase in the proliferative fraction and with a
simultaneous reduction in apoptosis. CONCLUSIONS: Prostaglandin E(2)
stimulated proliferation and reduced apoptosis in epithelial ovarian
cancer cells. These effects were associated with overexpression of COX-2
and an increase in the ratio of Bcl-2:bax mRNA.
27
UI - 11956590
AU - Curci A; Capasso I; Romano A; Bruni P; Motti ML; Pignata S; D'Aiuto G;
TI -
Casamassimi A; D'Urso M; Fusco A; Viglietto G
Characterization of 2 novel and 2 recurring BRCA1 germline mutations in
breast and/or ovarian carcinoma patients from the area of Naples.
SO - Int J Oncol 2002 May;20(5):963-70
AD - Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Fondazione Pascale, Naples, Italy.
We have analyzed 18 families with high incidence of breast cancer or
breast and ovarian cancer for the presence of BRCA1 mutations. We
identified 4 mutations in the BRCA1 gene in 4 unrelated probands who
belong to families with at least 1 case of breast and 1 case of ovarian
cancer. Two of the mutations reported in this study are novel
(GAA(1172)-->TAA in family Naples 14, GAA(1765)-->TAA in family Naples
20) whereas the others are already present in the Breast Cancer
Information Core Electronic Database (http://nchgr.nih.gov/ Intramural
research/Lab transfer/Bic/) (5382insC in family Naples 18 and 2080delA
in family Naples 19). Conversely, no mutation in the BRCA1 gene was
detected in 14 families characterized by 2 or more cases of breast
cancer only, even if bilateral and with early-onset. These results
indicate that germline mutations in the BRCA1 gene highly predispose for
a cancer syndrome that involves the presence of both breast and ovarian
cancer.
28
UI - 11753956
AU - Gras E; Catasus L; Arguelles R; Moreno-Bueno G; Palacios J; Gamallo C;
TI -
Matias-Guiu X; Prat J
Microsatellite instability, MLH-1 promoter hypermethylation, and
frameshift mutations at coding mononucleotide repeat microsatellites in
ovarian tumors.
SO - Cancer 2001 Dec 1;92(11):2829-36
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