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Abramson Cancer CenterNCI CANCERLIT® Search: Laryngeal Cancer - September 2002
National Cancer Institute®
Last Modified: September 1, 2002
- Smokeless tobacco use and cancer of the upper respiratory tract.
- Female laryngectomees' satisfaction with communication methods and speech-language pathology services.
- Total laryngectomy: pre- and intrasurgical variables of infection risk.
- Medical malpractice and cancer of the larynx.
- Autofluorescence endoscopy in the diagnosis of early laryngeal cancer and its precursor lesions.
- Digital image processing of laryngeal lesions by electronic videoendoscopy.
- Human papillomavirus infection and cyclin D1 gene amplification in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: biologic function and clinical
- A review of the current management of infantile subglottic haemangioma, including a comparison of CO(2) laser therapy versus tracheostomy.
- Second primary cancers in laryngeal cancer patients in Slovenia, 1961-1996.
- [Relationship between polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase 2 and genetic susceptibility to laryngeal carcinoma]
- Supraglottic carcinoma: patterns of failure and salvage treatment after curatively intended radiotherapy in 410 consecutive patients.
- Analysis of chromosome aberrations in cell lines derived from laryngeal cancer in relation to tumor progression.
- A longitudinal study of the Swedish Self-Evaluation of Communication Experiences after Laryngeal Cancer questionnaire in patients treated for
- Treatment of stage III and IV supraglottic carcinoma: should elderly patients undergo standard treatment protocols?
- "FAR" chemoradiotherapy improves laryngeal preservation rates in patients with T2N0 glottic carcinoma.
- Survivin expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas and its prognostic implications.
- Growth suppression and immunogenicity enhancement of Hep-2 or primary laryngeal cancer cells by adenovirus-mediated co-transfer of human
- Occupational dust exposure and the risk of laryngeal cancer in Turkey.
- Radiation treatment of T1-T4 squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: a retrospective analysis and long-term follow-up of 135 patients.
- Interaction of human papillomavirus type 11 E7 protein with TAP-1 results in the reduction of ATP-dependent peptide transport.
- [Mental disorders in tumors of maxillary facial region and larynx]
- Management of T3N0M0 glottic carcinoma: therapeutic outcomes.
- Functional analysis after supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy.
- Immune reactivity does not predict chemotherapy response, organ preservation, or survival in advanced laryngeal cancer.
- Laryngeal prostatic cancer metastases: an underestimated route of metastases?
- Multiple mechanisms generate HLA class I altered phenotypes in laryngeal carcinomas: high frequency of HLA haplotype loss associated with loss of
- [Parelectric spectroscopy for noninvasive diagnosis of laryngeal tissue]
- [Laryngeal carcinoma--a question of personal susceptibility]
- [Approaches to organ preserving therapy of carcinomas of the larynx and hypopharynx]
- [Organ preservation in advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma by primary radiochemotherapy. Results of a multicenter phase II study]
- Cancer of the larynx in non-smoking alcohol drinkers and in non-drinking tobacco smokers.
- Clinical and histopathological correlates of the proliferative activity in squamous cell laryngeal carcinoma.
- [Use of geoinformational systems for epidemiological studying malignant laryngeal neoplasms in Krasnoyarsk]
Table of Contents
1
UI - 12075196
AU - Rodu B; Cole P
TI -
Smokeless tobacco use and cancer of the upper respiratory tract.
SO - Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2002 May;93(5):511-5
AD - University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL 35294-0007, USA. rodu@uab.edu
The most recent epidemiologic review of the cancer risks associated with
smokeless tobacco use appeared in 1986, when 10 studies were available.
This review describes 21 published studies, 20 of which are of the
case-control type. We characterize each study according to the specific
anatomic sites and according to the type of smokeless tobacco products
for which it provides relative risks of cancer. The use of moist snuff
and chewing tobacco imposes minimal risks for cancers of the oral cavity
and other upper respiratory sites, with relative risks ranging from 0.6
to 1.7. The use of dry snuff imposes higher risks, ranging from 4 to 13,
and the risks from smokeless tobacco, unspecified as to type, are
intermediate, from 1.5 to 2.8. The strengths and limitations of the
studies and implications for future research are discussed.
2
UI - 11883562
AU - Smithwick L; Davis P; Dancer J; Hicks GS; Montague J
TI -
Female laryngectomees' satisfaction with communication methods and
speech-language pathology services.
SO - Percept Mot Skills 2002 Feb;94(1):204-6
AD - University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, University of Arkansas at
Little Rock, 72204, USA.
132 female laryngectomees responded to a questionnaire regarding
satisfaction with their communication methods as postlaryngectomees and
speech-language pathology services. Respondents were satisfied overall
with their primary communication selection; however, most would like to
try a method that produced a more feminine-sounding voice. 68% were
satisfied with their speech-language pathology services.
3
UI - 11890339
AU - Gonzalez Aguilar O; Pardo HA; Vannelli A; Simkin DO; Rossi A; Rubino A;
TI -
Simkin D
Total laryngectomy: pre- and intrasurgical variables of infection risk.
SO - Int Surg 2001 Jan-Mar;86(1):42-8
AD - Department of Surgery, Marie Curie Hospital, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Postoperative infection has influence on costs, quality of life, and
outcome of the disease. It is suspected that post-total laryngectomy
infections have increased in frequency and seriousness, because of the
failure of the preservation protocol or the previous radiotherapy,
making rescue surgery necessary. The objective of this study was to
develop a predictive model of infection based on the pre- and
intrasurgical variables considered risky. One hundred fifty five
patients with E III-IV laryngeal cancer, with 24.8:1 male to female
ratio (mean age, 58 years) who underwent total laryngectomy were
evaluated for uni- and multivariate analysis of age, sex, histological
grade, primary or recurrent disease, tobacco, alcohol, diabetes,
tuberculosis/chronic emphysema, red and white cell counts,
erythrosedimentation rate (ESR), albumin, chemotherapy, neck
radiotherapy and/or previous surgery, confinement days, type and time of
surgery, which were factors in the infection event. A predictive model
of infection was developed and included albuminemia (<3.5 g%), >1 liter
of alcohol daily, and exclusive surgery of the primary. The sensitivity
was 90.5% and the specificity 68%. The variance reached 29.6%. The
causes of infection were multiple, having analyzed only 30% of them.
However, the resulting model was classified correctly in 83.2% of cases.
A careful preoperative assessment, an adjusted planning of the surgery,
an appropriate use of antibiotics, and a meticulous operative technique
are needed to prevent infection.
4
UI - 12148851
AU - Lydiatt DD
TI -
Medical malpractice and cancer of the larynx.
SO - Laryngoscope 2002 Mar;112(3):445-8
AD - Department of Otolaryngology, University of Nebraska Medical Center and
Methodist Cancer Center, Omaha, USA. D.Lydiatt@unmc.edu
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the frequency, clinical characteristics, and legal
outcomes of malpractice litigation initiated by patients with cancer of
the larynx. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of 23 jury verdict
reports from 11 states. METHOD: Jury verdict reviews from 1976 to 1997
were obtained from a computerized legal database compiled from all state
and federal civil court decisions. Reviews compile pertinent data on
defendants, plaintiffs, verdict outcomes, indemnity payments,
allegations of wrongdoing, and provide case summaries. RESULTS: Delays
in diagnosis were alleged in 19 of 23 (83%) suits. Hoarseness was
present in 10 of 19 (53%), a neck mass in 3 of 19 (16%), and no biopsy
was taken in 11 of 19 (58%) of those delayed. Mean age was 47 years,
with a peak incidence in the general population of 70 to 74 years.
Laryngectomy was alleged to be a result or complication of delay in 12
of 19 (63%). Over half of the patients delayed received compensation,
and over half of the defendants were in general practice. Outcome was
poor with a 35% mortality and a total of 47% either dead of disease or
alive with disease. Complications, incorrect diagnosis, and informed
consent did not play a significant role in initiating litigation.
CONCLUSIONS: The delayed diagnosis of cancer of the larynx associated
with litigation is frequently seen in younger patients presenting with
hoarseness or neck masses. These patients frequently have poor outcomes.
Patients with symptoms of cancer of the larynx must be aggressively
evaluated regardless of age. Risk management goals to prevent delays in
diagnosis may help prevent subsequent litigation.
5
UI - 12148859
AU - Malzahn K; Dreyer T; Glanz H; Arens C
TI -
Autofluorescence endoscopy in the diagnosis of early laryngeal cancer
and its precursor lesions.
SO - Laryngoscope 2002 Mar;112(3):488-93
AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of
Giessen, Germany. karin.malzahn@hno.med.uni-giessen.de
OBJECTIVES: Because early detection and preoperative assessment of
laryngeal cancer and its precursor lesions are essential for curative
and function-preserving surgical treatment, autofluorescence endoscopy
has been developed to gain more information about the biologic character
of these lesions. The aim of the present study is to investigate a high,
representative number of patients and to evaluate the diagnostic
potential and the limitations of this method. METHODS: In a prospective
study, 127 patients were investigated during microlaryngoscopy. A total
of 111 patients were suspected of having precancerous or cancerous
lesions, 12 had benign lesions, and 4 patients had normal epithelium.
Autofluorescence was induced by filtered blue light (380-460 nm) of a
xenon short arc lamp and processed by a CCD camera system (D-light-AF
system; Storz, Tuttlingen, Germany). Autofluorescence endoscopic images
were immediately assessed for diagnosis, correlated to the dysplasia
grading system and compared with the histopathologic findings. RESULTS:
Normal laryngeal mucosa displayed a typical green fluorescence signal.
Moderate and high epithelial dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, and invasive
carcinoma showed a diminished green fluorescence. False-negative results
(n = 2) were the result of extreme hyperkeratosis. False positive cases
(n = 8) either showed mild dysplasia with inflammatory reactions or
scarring of the vocal folds. In 105 of 111 cases (94.6%), we found
concordant results (sensitivity, 97.3%; specificity, 83.8%). CONCLUSION:
Autofluorescence endoscopy facilitates the detection and delineation of
precancerous lesions, carcinoma in situ, and microinvasive cancer of the
larynx more accurately than clinical observation alone. Scarring, marked
hyperkeratosis, and inflammation can limit the predictive value of the
method.
6
UI - 12148871
AU - Kawaida M; Fukuda H; Kohno N
TI -
Digital image processing of laryngeal lesions by electronic
videoendoscopy.
SO - Laryngoscope 2002 Mar;112(3):559-64
AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Tokyo Metropolitan Ohtsuka Hospital,
Japan.
OBJECTIVES: To present electronic videoendoscopy of the larynx with
digital image processing and to discuss this endoscopic technique from
the standpoint of diagnostic usefulness of laryngeal lesions. STUDY
DESIGN: Electronic videoendoscopic evaluation of laryngeal lesions with
digital image processing. METHODS: Seventy patients underwent electronic
videoendoscopy without digital image processing and, subsequently, with
the digital image processing function. Of these, 15 patients with white
lesion of the vocal fold and laryngeal neoplasms were assessed in the
study. Clinical assessments made before enhancement of digital image
processing function were compared with those after enhancement in 15
patients. RESULTS: Of the 15 patients observed, the clinical diagnoses
of two patients were changed after enhancement. Both patients underwent
endolaryngeal microsurgery with histopathological examination of the
removed lesions, which confirmed the definitive diagnosis. The clinical
diagnoses of both patients after enhancement were compatible with
histopathological diagnoses. CONCLUSIONS: The enhanced color images
provided by this system are superior in both quality and resolution to
those obtained by conventional flexible fiberoptic endoscopy with a
video camera. This system should be a valuable tool for the diagnosis of
laryngeal lesions.
7
UI - 12112558
AU - Almadori G; Galli J; Cadoni G; Bussu F; Maurizi M
TI -
Human papillomavirus infection and cyclin D1 gene amplification in
laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: biologic function and clinical
significance.
SO - Head Neck 2002 Jun;24(6):597-604
AD - Istituto di Clinica Otorinolaringoiatria, Policlinico "Agostino
Gemelli," Largo Agostino Gemelli, 00168, Roma, Italy.
BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is suspected to be a
risk factor for head and neck, and in particular for laryngeal,
carcinogenesis. Cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) overexpression and amplification
have been shown to play a role as prognostic factors in many human
cancers, among which are head and neck cancers. METHODS: A literature
review of the role in head and neck cancers of HPV infection and CCND1
overexpression and amplification was undertaken. We have evaluated the
extent of the current knowledge in this field under the light of recent
acquisitions, in particular, about a correlation between HPV infection,
a suspected risk factor, and CCND1 amplification, a frequent mutation
(about 20% of laryngeal cancers) and a prognostic factor in laryngeal
SCC. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The significant correlation between HPV
infection and CCND1 amplification supports the hypothesis of the
involvement of HPV infection in laryngeal carcinogenesis and suggests
that HPV positive laryngeal cancers may constitute a different subset of
tumors with a peculiar molecular pattern and thus with a different
clinical behavior. HPV infection may be considered a synergistic risk
factor with smoking and/or alcohol consumption to be investigated in
heavy smokers and drinkers, thus contributing to the identification of
patient at high-risk for the development of laryngeal cancer who should
undergo strict follow-up and primary and secondary prevention. Copyright
2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
8
UI - 12049827
AU - Chatrath P; Black M; Jani P; Albert DM; Bailey CM
TI -
A review of the current management of infantile subglottic haemangioma,
including a comparison of CO(2) laser therapy versus tracheostomy.
SO - Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2002 Jun 17;64(2):143-57
AD - Department of Paediatric Otolaryngology, Great Ormond Street Hospital
for Children, London WC1N 3JH, UK. pchatrath@yahoo.com
OBJECTIVES: We reassessed the current practice and treatment options
used in the management of subglottic haemangiomas (SGHs), including the
place for open submucosal surgical excision, and have compared the
results of different therapeutic modalities used for SGHs. METHODS: The
two studies were conducted as separate exercises; (1) a retrospective
review of 36 patients collected over a recent 8-year period to assess
the current practice and treatment options in use; (2) a retrospective
comparative study of a previous cohort of 51 patients with SGHs treated
in one of four groups: (a) tracheostomy alone, (b) tracheostomy and
CO(2) laser, (c) systemic steroids and CO(2) laser (no tracheostomy) and
(d) intralesional steroid injection, CO(2) laser therapy, or both,
followed by intubation. RESULTS: Systemic steroids were the most
commonly used modality of treatment. Resolution of the SGH was achieved
in 89% of cases at a mean follow up duration of 34 months. However,
tracheostomy was required in 58% of cases, with a mean time from
diagnosis to decannulation of 30 months. The time to resolution of SGHs
does not appear to be reduced by laser therapy compared with treatment
by tracheostomy alone. Intralesional steroid injection or laser therapy
together with intubation was associated with avoidance of a tracheostomy
in 66% of cases. Single-stage open surgical excision in two cases
resulted in successful resolution of the SGH and discharge after a mean
follow up period of 3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Despite the more widespread
use of steroids and other treatment modalities, the requirement for
tracheostomy has remained unchanged over the last 20 years. The use of
laser therapy does not appear to confer any additional therapeutic
benefit over and above tracheostomy alone in bringing about resolution
of SGHs. Systemic steroids may reduce the size of the haemangioma but
are associated with multiple adverse effects. The decision to use the
above techniques must, therefore, be made in the light of these
observations. Our early experience of single-stage excision suggests
that this technique represents an exciting and promising surgical
alternative, and its more widespread adoption may be the only way of
further improving the outcome of patients with SGHs.
9
UI - 12044513
AU - Ecimovic P; Pompe-Kirn V
TI -
Second primary cancers in laryngeal cancer patients in Slovenia,
1961-1996.
SO - Eur J Cancer 2002 Jun;38(9):1254-60
AD - Cancer Registry of Slovenia, Institute of Oncology, Zaloska cesta 2,
SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. pecimovic@onko-i.si
We analysed the incidence of second primary cancers (SPC) in male
laryngeal cancer patients in Slovenia and their survival for the period
of 1961-1996. Data were taken from the population-based Cancer Registry
of Slovenia. The person-years approach was used and the risk for SPC was
expressed as a standardised incidence ratio (SIR). Survival analysis was
carried out using the Kaplan-Meier method. Of 2275 male patients, 369
developed SPC (16.2%, total SIR 2.83), most commonly in the head and
neck region (SIR 6.07-15.97), lung (SIR 4.15), oesophagus (SIR 4.66),
and bladder (SIR 3.0), which points to an important role of common risk
factors of smoking and alcohol. SPC were diagnosed in significant excess
up to 20 years after the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer. The median
survival time from the diagnosis of laryngeal cancer was 3.25 years for
patients without a SPC and 6.47 years for patients who developed a SPC.
However, the median survival time from the diagnosis of a SPC was only
0.84 years. Patients with laryngeal cancer in Slovenia have a higher
risk of developing a SPC than was reported in similar studies in Europe
and the USA. This high risk is partly responsible for their relatively
poor survival.
10
UI - 12015038
AU - Lei D; Pan X; Guo C; Xu F; Zhang L; Liu D; Luan X
TI -
[Relationship between polymorphism of N-acetyltransferase 2 and genetic
susceptibility to laryngeal carcinoma]
SO - Zhonghua Zhong Liu Za Zhi 2002 Mar;24(2):154-6
AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University,
Jinan 250012, China.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between polymorphism of
N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) gene and genetic susceptibility to laryngeal
carcinoma. METHODS: A case-control study on 62 laryngeal carcinoma
patients and 56 controls was conducted. NAT2 alleles were differentiated
by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction fragment length
polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) methods using originally created PCR primers and
genomic DNA extracted from peripheral white blood cells. Genetic risk
for NAT2 genotype was analyzed by smoking index (SI, cigarettes smoked
per day x years of smoking). RESULTS: The frequency of NAT2 slow
genotype was 80.6% in patients with laryngeal carcinoma and 60.7% in the
controls, the difference of which was statistically significant (chi(2)
= 5.70, P = 0.017). The odds ratios were 2.70 (95% CI 1.19 approximately
6.11). Among the individuals with NAT2 slow genotype at high level of
cigarette smoking, there was a significantly higher risk of 5.64 (95% CI
1.77 approximately 17.92), while those at low level were considered the
reference group (OR 1.38, 95% CI 0.42 approximately 4.52). CONCLUSION:
NAT2 slow genotype increases the risk of susceptibility to laryngeal
carcinoma. The combined effect of NAT2 slow genotype and exposure to
smoking is observed during the development of laryngeal cancer.
11
UI - 12095562
AU - Johansen LV; Grau C; Overgaard J
TI -
Supraglottic carcinoma: patterns of failure and salvage treatment after
curatively intended radiotherapy in 410 consecutive patients.
SO - Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2002 Jul 15;53(4):948-58
AD - Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Danish Cancer Society,
Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. larsvendelbo@dadlnet.dk
PURPOSE: In a series of consecutive patients with squamous cell
carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx, in which almost all were treated
by primary radiotherapy, the study describes the path from diagnosis to
cure or death, and evaluates the patterns of failure and the treatment
of recurrences. METHODS AND MATERIALS: The analysis included 410
patients, 104 females and 306 males, treated between 1963 and 1991. Most
patients were in Stage I (33%), and the remaining were in Stage II
(18%), III (23%), and IV (26%). Primary intended curative treatment was
delivered in 398 (radiotherapy, 394; surgery, 4) of 410 cases (98%).
RESULTS: Initial radical treatment resulted in 173 cured patients and
225 patients with a recurrence. Curatively intended salvage could be
applied in 158 patients: surgery in 154 patients (74 cured) and
radiotherapy in 4 (none cured). Overall, 247 patients (60%) obtained
tumor control, 179 (44%) without a laryngectomy. Sixty-three patients
had a total laryngectomy, and five had a partial laryngectomy. The
5-year locoregional tumor control, disease-specific survival, and
overall survival rates were 43%, 61%, and 47%, respectively. With a
follow-up of 20 years posttreatment, 91 new primary malignant tumors
were detected. CONCLUSIONS: Radiotherapy is effective in the treatment
of supraglottic laryngeal carcinoma, and the patients have a relatively
good prognosis. Many patients retained their larynx intact. Recurrence
after primary radiotherapy can be treated by surgery, with a high
success rate even in advanced stages. Development of second primary
cancer is a growing problem.
12
UI - 12107532
AU - Jarmuz M; Golusinski W; Grenman R; Szyfter K
TI -
Analysis of chromosome aberrations in cell lines derived from laryngeal
cancer in relation to tumor progression.
SO - Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2002 May;259(5):269-73
AD - Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Cell lines provide a good model for studies on molecular and cellular
events accompanying neoplastic transformation and cancer progression.
The data in recent literature suggest an occurrence of repetitive
chromosome aberrations that can be linked with particular stages of
cancer. Ten cell lines derived from squamous cell carcinoma of the
larynx at the University of Turku were karyotyped. The studied cell
lines represented a variety of primary locations of the tumors, TNM
staging and histological grading. Karyotyping was done by the classical
cytogenetic technique with the application of GTG, QFQ and other banding
techniques; some complex aberrations were analyzed by the FISH
technique. The results document several numerical and structural
aberrations. Attention was focused on the monosomy of chromosomes 13, 17
and 18, frequent deletions of the Y chromosome. Structural aberrations
were frequently seen at chromosomes 1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 9 and 11, mostly as
deletions (usually deletions of a whole arm), translocations,
isochromosomes, duplications and marker chromosomes. The study is in
progress and aims to find a correlation between particular aberrations
and disease staging. At present, two observations seem to be firm: the
amplification of the 11q13 region appeared in tumors with a short
survival. However, the primary location of the tumor should be taken
into account when considering 11q13 as a prognostic marker. The same is
applicable for del(9p), which indicates an early stage of disease.
Besides the frequent chromosome aberrations, attention should be paid to
marker chromosomes that are potentially specific for laryngeal cancer.
13
UI - 12195745
AU - Finizia C; Palme C; Bergman B
TI -
A longitudinal study of the Swedish Self-Evaluation of Communication
Experiences after Laryngeal Cancer questionnaire in patients treated for
laryngeal cancer.
SO - Acta Oncol 2002;41(3):262-8
AD - Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital,
SE-431 80 Molndal, Sweden. caterina.finizia@orlss.gu.se
A prospective longitudinal study was performed to investigate the
sensitivity to change over time of the Swedish Self-Evaluation of
Communication Experiences after Laryngeal Cancer questionnaire
(S-SECEL), addressing communication dysfunction in patients with
laryngeal cancer. Twenty-six consecutive patients attending a weekly
tumour conference over a period of one year at Sahlgrenska University
Hospital were included in the study prior to start of treatment. The
patients answered four questionnaire repeatedly in the course of one
year: the S-SECEL, the European Organization for Research and Treatment
of Cancer (EORTC), the Core Quality of Life Core Questionnaire (QLQ-C30)
supplemented by the Head and Neck cancer questionnaire module
(QLQ-H&N35), and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression (HAD) scale. In
addition, performance status was assessed. The S-SECEL questionnaire was
well accepted by the patients, and compliance was satisfactory with a
cumulative response rate of 88% at one year, supporting its feasibility
in clinical settings. Repeated measures with the S-SECEL over one year
demonstrated a significant decrease in voice and speech dysfunction. The
correlation pattern over time between the S-SECEL and the EORTC and HAD
questionnaires lent support to the construct validity of the S-SECEL and
indicated that the questionnaire was sensitive to clinical change. The
changes in S-SECEL correlated most strongly with changes in the EORTC
QLQ-H&N35 speech scale, moderately with changes in the QLQ-C30 role and
emotional functioning and global QoL scales, while the weakest
correlations were with changes in physical functioning. The S-SECEL was
sensitive to changes in communication dysfunction, with convergent and
discriminant validity of longitudinal assessments, and with relevance
for the quality of life of patients with laryngeal cancer receiving
different treatment modalities.
14
UI - 10604426
AU - Bumpous JM
TI -
Treatment of stage III and IV supraglottic carcinoma: should elderly
patients undergo standard treatment protocols?
SO - Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1999 Dec;125(12):1402-4; discussion
1406-7
AD - Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, KY
40292, USA.
15
UI - 12112536
AU - Kumamoto Y; Masuda M; Kuratomi Y; Toh S; Shinokuma A; Chujo K; Yamamoto
TI -
T; Komiyama S
"FAR" chemoradiotherapy improves laryngeal preservation rates in
patients with T2N0 glottic carcinoma.
SO - Head Neck 2002 Jul;24(7):637-42
AD - Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University,
Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
BACKGROUND: The appropriate treatment approach for patients with T2N0
laryngeal cancer remains highly controversial. Because radiotherapy
alone is associated with a high risk of local recurrence, we have
developed a triple combination treatment approach consisting of
5-fluorouracil (250 mg/day, i.v.), vitamin A (50,000 unit/day, i.m.) and
external radiation (2.0 Gy/day), which we have termed "FAR therapy."
METHODS: Patients with T2N0 glottic carcinoma were initially treated
with 15 days of FAR therapy, which included a cumulative radiation dose
of 30Gy (i.e., "30 Gy of FAR therapy"). Those patients who demonstrated
a complete response either clinically or pathologically continued to
receive further FAR therapy, with up to 60-70 Gy. All other patients
received laryngectomy without any additional treatment. RESULTS:
Ninety-five patients were treated according to this program, and most of
the patients (98%) were able to complete this treatment course.
Eighty-eight patients (93%) were treated with FAR therapy alone. The
local control and ultimate local control rates were 91% (85 of 93), and
99% (92 of 93), respectively. The cumulative 5-year voice preservation
and complete laryngeal preservation rates were 91% and 87%,
respectively. The cumulative 5-year disease-specific survival rate was
97%. CONCLUSIONS: Because a high rate of laryngeal preservation was
achieved without compromising disease-specific survival, our treatment
approach based on FAR therapy may be promising for the treatment of
patients with T2N0 glottic carcinoma. Copyright 2002 Wiley Periodicals,
Inc.
16
UI - 12174930
AU - Dong Y; Sui L; Watanabe Y; Sugimoto K; Tokuda M
TI -
Survivin expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas and its
prognostic implications.
SO - Anticancer Res 2002 Jul-Aug;22(4):2377-83
AD - The Department of Physiology, Kagawa Medical University, Kita-Gun,
Japan.
We examined the expression of survivin using immunohistochemistry in 102
cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Overall, 65.7% (67
out of 102) of tumors were positive for survivin expression and
significantly associated with tumor site, poor differentiation, tumor
size, lymph node metastasis and advanced stage. Kaplan-Meier analysis
showed that survivin expression was significantly associated with
shorter disease-free and overall survival respectively. When survivin
expression and clinical stage were combined, patients with both
survivin-positive and advanced stage (III, IV) revealed poorer
disease-free and overall survival when compared with the other cases (p
= 0.0002 and p = 0.0002, respectively). Additionally, in early stage (I,
II) cases, survivin expression also showed a significant prognostic
trend for disease-free and overall survival (p = 0.0727 and p = 0.0701,
respectively). By the multivariate analysis, tumor size, lymph node
metastasis and survivin expression were independent prognostic factors
both in disease-free and overall survival. These findings indicate that
survivin expression is associated with unfavorable clinicopathological
parameters and represents an independent marker for prognosis of LSCC.
17
UI - 12048160
AU - Qiu ZH; Wu CT; Lao MF; Pan LZ; Li YM
TI -
Growth suppression and immunogenicity enhancement of Hep-2 or primary
laryngeal cancer cells by adenovirus-mediated co-transfer of human
wild-type p53, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and B7-1
genes.
SO - Cancer Lett 2002 Aug 28;182(2):147-54
AD - Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing
100850, P.R. China.
Co-transfer of immunomodulatory and antiproliferative genes may be the
basis for new strategies to potentiate tumor regression. In this study,
we evaluated the in vitro effect of the introduction of human wild-type
p53, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and B7-1
genes via recombinant adenovirus on the growth and immunogenicity of
Hep-2 or primary laryngeal cancer cells. By the introduction of
wild-type p53 gene, the growth of Hep-2 cells was inhibited via enhanced
apoptosis. By the introduction of GM-CSF and B7-1 genes, the
immunogenicity of cancer cells was enhanced. Significant proliferation
of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-specific cytotoxicity
of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were induced in vitro. Furthermore,
the combinative effect of GM-CSF and B7-1 was even more evident than
that of any one of them singly. These results suggest that the
co-transfer of human wild-type p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 genes into tumor
cells via recombinant adenovirus may be further developed into a
potential combination gene therapy strategy for cancer.
18
UI - 12199430
AU - Elci OC; Akpinar-Elci M; Blair A; Dosemeci M
TI -
Occupational dust exposure and the risk of laryngeal cancer in Turkey.
SO - Scand J Work Environ Health 2002 Aug;28(4):278-84
AD - Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute,
Rockville, Maryland, United States. oae3@cdc.gov
OBJECTIVES: A hospital-based case-referent study was conducted to
identify occupational risk factors for laryngeal cancer. In a previous
report an association was found between laryngeal cancer and occupations
with potential dust exposure; a job-exposure matrix was developed to aid
further evaluation of laryngeal cancer risks from five occupational dust
exposures. METHODS: Among 7631 cancer cases from the Okmeydani Hospital,
Istanbul, between 1979 and 1984, 958 larynx cancer cases were identified
among men. After exclusions, 940 laryngeal cancer cases and 1519
referents were available. A standardized questionnaire was used to
obtain basic information on the patients. Seven-digit standard
occupational and industrial codes were created to classify the job and
industrial titles. A job-exposure matrix was developed for occupational
dusts, including silica, asbestos, wood, cotton, and grain, and age-,
smoking-, and alcohol-adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence
intervals (95% CI) were calculated to evaluate risks of laryngeal
cancer. RESULTS: An excess of laryngeal cancer occurred for workers
potentially exposed to silica and cotton dust, particularly for
supraglottic cancer (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.3-2.3, for silica and OR 1.6, 95%
CI 1.1-2.5, for cotton dust), and there was a significant dose-response
relationship with silica exposure. No relationship was found between
laryngeal cancer and asbestos, grain, or wood dust exposures.
CONCLUSION: Laryngeal cancer, especially supraglottic tumors, is
associated with silica and cotton dust exposures in Turkey.
19
UI - 12168932
AU - Bergqvist M; Brodin O; Pouzon A; Linder A; Hesselius P; Blomquist E
TI -
Radiation treatment of T1-T4 squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx: a
retrospective analysis and long-term follow-up of 135 patients.
SO - Anticancer Res 2002 Mar-Apr;22(2B):1239-42
AD - Department of Oncology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term outcome of radiation therapy for
patients with histologically verified squamous cell glottic carcinoma.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was performed on patients
who had received radiation treatment at the Department of Oncology,
Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden, between 1978 and 1987 Patients with
a documented follow-up for at least five years, or to time of death,
were studied. Radiation treatment was delivered utilising daily
fractions of 1.8-20 over 6-7 weeks, totalling 60-70 Gy. Patients whose
tumours were not controlled by radiation therapy, or whose tumours
recurred, were offered surgical intervention. RESULTS: The study
included 135 patients. Five-year survival rates adjusted to death due to
laryngeal carcinoma were: T1, 95%; T2, 87%; T3, 72% and T4, 25%.
CONCLUSION: Primary radiotherapy achieves a high rate of cure for T1-T2
laryngeal carcinoma. Tumour-related morbidity and death continued beyond
the standard five-year follow-up, especially for patients with T1/T2
laryngeal carcinomas.
20
UI - 11580231
AU - Vambutas A; DeVoti J; Pinn W; Steinberg BM; Bonagura VR
TI -
Interaction of human papillomavirus type 11 E7 protein with TAP-1
results in the reduction of ATP-dependent peptide transport.
SO - Clin Immunol 2001 Oct;101(1):94-9
AD - Department of Otolaryngology, The Long Island Campus for the Albert
Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, New York 11040, USA.
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause benign and malignant epithelial
tumors of the respiratory and genital mucosa. We previously reported
that recurrent respiratory papillomas caused by HPV 6/11 express low
levels of antibody-detectable TAP-1, the protein that transports
peptides into the endoplasmic reticulum for assembly and presentation by
MHC Class I, and that the extent of TAP-1 immunostaining is inversely
related to the frequency of disease recurrence. We have now determined a
mechanism for the reduction in TAP-1 detection. Anti-TAP-1 antibody
immunoprecipitated very low amounts of protein from papilloma cells.
However, immunoprecipitation of calreticulin, another member of the MHC
I assembly complex, coprecipitated TAP-1 at levels comparable to those
of uninfected cells. Immunoprecipitation of an HPV-positive cell line
with either anti-TAP-1 or anti-calreticulin coprecipitated HPV E7
protein. Finally, purified HPV 11 E7 protein inhibited ATP-dependent
peptide transport in vitro. We propose that the interaction of E7 with
TAP-1 prevents TAP-1 antibody detection and efficient peptide transport,
resulting in poor presentation of viral antigen on HPV-infected cells
and thus failure to mount an effective immune-mediated prevention of
disease recurrence. Copyright 2001 Academic Press.
21
UI - 12087738
AU - Cherepkova EV; Vladimirov BS; Burnashov VS; Musinov DR
TI -
[Mental disorders in tumors of maxillary facial region and larynx]
SO - Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2002;102(5):58-9
22
UI - 12169914
AU - Sessions DG; Lenox J; Spector GJ; Newland D; Simpson J; Haughey BH; Chao
TI -
KS
Management of T3N0M0 glottic carcinoma: therapeutic outcomes.
SO - Laryngoscope 2002 Jul;112(7 Pt 1):1281-8
AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Washington
University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
sessionsd@msnotes.wust1.edu
BACKGROUND: The best therapeutic approach for the treatment of T3N0M0
(stage III) glottic carcinoma is controversial. METHOD: A retrospective
study of Tumor Research Project data were performed using patients with
T3N0M0 glottic squamous cell carcinoma treated with curative intent by
at Washington University School of Medicine/Barnes-Jewish Hospital.
RESULTS: Two hundred patients with T3N0M0 glottic carcinoma were treated
using seven modalities: total laryngectomy (TL, n = 30), TL with neck
dissection (TL/ND, n = 40), conservation surgery alone (CS, n = 22),
radiation therapy alone (RT, n = 29), TL combined with RT (TL/RT, n =
31), TL and ND combined with RT (TL/ND/RT, n = 36), and CS combined with
RT (CS/RT, n = 12). The overall 5-year observed survival rate (OS) was
54% and the 5-year disease-specific survival rate (DSS) was 67%. The
5-year DSS for the individual treatment modalities included TL, 65.4%;
TL/ND, 76.5%; CS, 71.4%; RT, 56.5%, TL/RT, 51.9%; TL/ND/RT, 71.4%; and
CS/RT, 80%. There was no significant difference in DSS for any
individual treatment modality (P =.375). The overall local and regional
control rate was 74% (148 of 200). The overall recurrence rate was 37.5%
with recurrence at the primary site and in the neck of 19.5% and 11%,
respectively. Recurrence was not related to treatment modality. The
5-year DSS after treatment of recurrent cancer (salvage rate) was 35.8%.
The incidence of distant metastasis was 11% and for second primary
cancers it was 19.5%. There was no statistically significant difference
in survival between necks initially treated (72%, 5-y DSS) versus necks
observed and later treated if necessary (70%, 5-y DSS) (P =.797).
CONCLUSIONS: The seven treatment modalities had statistically similar
recurrence, complication, and survival rates. Patients with clear
surgical margins have a significant survival advantage compared with
patients with close and involved margins. Because postoperative
radiation therapy in patients with positive margins did not improve
survival, formal re-resection of the site of the positive margin should
be considered. In patients whose N0 neck was not treated electively,
close follow-up observation with meticulous examinations combined with
appropriate treatment for subsequent neck disease resulted in a similar
survival rate compared with those patients whose N0 necks were treated
initially. Six-year minimum follow-up is recommended for early
identification of primary and neck recurrence and for discovering
expected second primary cancers. Patients treated with RT and CS had
statistically similar rates of survival, maintenance of voice, and
acquired permanent tracheal stoma. CS is a valid alternative to RT in
treating highly selected patients with T3N0 glottic carcinoma.
23
UI - 12169915
AU - Bron L; Pasche P; Brossard E; Monnier P; Schweizer V
TI -
Functional analysis after supracricoid partial laryngectomy with
cricohyoidoepiglottopexy.
SO - Laryngoscope 2002 Jul;112(7 Pt 1):1289-93
AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, CHUV, Lausanne,
Switzerland.
OBJECTIVES: To assess prospectively speech and swallowing function in a
series of 17 patients after supracricoid partial laryngectomy with
cricohyoidoepiglottopexy. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. METHODS:
From 1983 to 1996, 69 patients at Department of Otolaryngology-Head and
Neck Surgery, CHUV (Lausanne, Switzerland) underwent a supracricoid
partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy. Seventeen of them
(25%) could be contacted and accepted participation in a functional
evaluation that included a questionnaire to document their present
nutritional status and diet. A formal voice evaluation was also
performed, which included psychoacoustic evaluation of vocal qualities,
fundamental frequency parameters, phonation intensity range, phonatory
quotient (vital capacity divided by maximum phonation time), and a
laryngeal video laryngoscopy performed with a rigid endoscope. RESULTS:
Median postoperative follow-up was 66 months (range, 12-152 mo). Nine of
17 patients (53%) recovered a normal diet with no increased incidence of
aspirations. Seven of 17 had minor limitations such as no peanuts, dry
bread, or rice. Two of 17 patients were restricted to pureed food.
Assessment of voice showed a clearly decreased mean fundamental
frequency at 70.1 Hz (normal range, 121-211 Hz) and a narrowed frequency
range of phonation with a mean value of 8.8 semitones (normal value,
27). Forty-two percent of the patients went back to their normal
professional life after the operation. Among the 10 who did not, 3 (16%)
retired and 7 actually had to give up their profession, because of the
modification of their voice or general asthenia and age close to
retirement. CONCLUSION: Restoration of laryngeal function after
supracricoid partial laryngectomy with cricohyoidoepiglottopexy is
satisfactory. Although most of the patients seem to recover normal
swallowing function, severe voice alterations appear to be inevitable.
24
UI - 12172244
AU - Wolf GT; Bradford CR; Urba S; Smith A; Eisbruch A; Chepeha DB; Teknos
TI -
TN; Worden F; Dawson L; Terrell JE; Hogikyan ND
Immune reactivity does not predict chemotherapy response, organ
preservation, or survival in advanced laryngeal cancer.
SO - Laryngoscope 2002 Aug;112(8 Pt 1):1351-6
AD - Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of
Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0312, USA.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether pretreatment lymphocyte subpopulations
correlate with tumor response to induction chemotherapy as part of an
organ preservation treatment approach in patients with advanced
laryngeal cancer. STUDY DESIGN: A prospective clinical trial in patients
with advanced laryngeal cancer was undertaken to determine whether the
frequency of late salvage laryngectomy and overall survival could be
improved using one cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to select patients
for organ preservation. Pretreatment peripheral blood lymphocyte
subpopulations for CD3, CD4, CD8, NK, and B cells were correlated with
tumor response to induction chemotherapy, larynx preservation, and
survival, to determine whether immune parameters could be useful in
patient selection. METHODS: The study setting was a tertiary referral
academic health center. Studied were 53 patients with stage III (42%) or
IV (57%) larynx cancer. Most patients had supraglottic cancers (73%) and
positive clinical nodes (51%). Sixty-eight percent had greater than 50%
tumor response after one cycle of induction chemotherapy and then
received concurrent chemoradiation and two cycles of adjuvant
chemotherapy. Lymphocyte subpopulations were measured in 39 patients.
Mean follow-up was 23.3 months (range, 5-61 mo). RESULTS: A total of 18
(34%) patients underwent laryngectomy. Only 4 cases were late salvage
resections (13-35 mo after treatment). Fourteen cases were planned
surgery after initial chemotherapy. Of the lymphocyte subpopulations
measured, CD8 levels were significantly lower in stage IV patients and
tended to be lower in patients with successful organ preservation.
However, no significant differences in lymphocyte subpopulations were
found among responders and nonresponders to chemotherapy. Overall
survival was 88%. CONCLUSIONS: One cycle of neoadjuvant chemotherapy was
effective in selecting patients for organ preservation. The regimen of
definitive concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy was associated with an
unexpectedly high 2-year survival rate. Lymphocyte subsets were not
significant predictors of responding patients or survival. Further study
of other biological markers useful in selecting patients for organ
preservation are needed.
25
UI - 12172264
AU - Prescher A; Schick B; Stutz A; Brors D
TI -
Laryngeal prostatic cancer metastases: an underestimated route of
metastases?
SO - Laryngoscope 2002 Aug;112(8 Pt 1):1467-73
AD - Institute of Anatomy, University Hospital and School of Medicine (RWTH)
Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
OBJECTIVE: Despite the high rate of metastases in advanced prostatic
cancer, only 12 reports with 13 cases of laryngeal metastases in
prostatic cancer have been given in the literature since the first
description by Schmorl in 1908. A histopathological study was undertaken
to clarify the obvious controversial clinical experience of multiple
metastases in prostatic cancer but rare observations of laryngeal
involvement. STUDY DESIGN: Postmortem laryngeal examination in advanced
prostatic cancer. METHODS: Six patients with prostatic cancer and tumor
spread to different organs but without clinical symptoms of laryngeal
involvement were available for postmortem analysis. Gross anatomical
inspection of the inner and outer surfaces of the removed larynx,
horizontal slices of the larynx, and subsequent histological
investigations including immunohistochemical analysis were used to
search for metastases. RESULTS: Macroscopic evaluation of the
whole-larynx specimens did not lead to suspicion of laryngeal
metastases. Interestingly, in all six larynx specimens of patients with
metastatic prostatic cancer, laryngeal tumor infiltration was detected
by macroscopic inspection of horizontal slices and proven
histologically. Tumor infiltration ranged from focal micrometastases in
the hematopoietic tissue of the ossified laryngeal skeleton to partial
destruction of the external and/or internal osseous or cartilaginous
lamina of the laryngeal skeleton. CONCLUSIONS: The larynx is more often
affected in metastatic prostatic cancer disease than is suggested by
clinical experience. Because prostatic cancer metastasis starts in the
hematopoietic areas of the ossified laryngeal skeleton, macroscopic
evaluation of the whole larynx fails to detect metastases. Detecting
laryngeal involvement requires horizontal slices and histological
analysis.
26
UI - 12192539
AU - Maleno I; Lopez-Nevot MA; Cabrera T; Salinero J; Garrido F
TI -
Multiple mechanisms generate HLA class I altered phenotypes in laryngeal
carcinomas: high frequency of HLA haplotype loss associated with loss of
heterozygosity in chromosome region 6p21.
SO - Cancer Immunol Immunother 2002 Sep;51(7):389-96
AD - Departamento de Analisis Clinicos, Hospital UniversitarioVirgen de las
Nieves, Universidad de Granada, Avd. Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada,
Spain.
Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I loss or downregulation in
cancer cells is a major immune escape route used by a large variety of
human tumors to evade anti-tumor immune responses mediated by cytotoxic
T lymphocytes. Multiple mechanisms are responsible for such HLA class I
alterations. However, the precise frequency of these molecular defects
has not been clearly determined in tumors derived from specific tissues.
To analyze such defects we aim to define the major HLA class I-altered
phenotypes in different tumor types. In this paper we report on HLA
class I expression in 70 laryngeal carcinomas. We used
immunohistological techniques with a highly selective panel of anti-HLA
monoclonal antibodies (mAb), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
microsatellite amplification of previously selected microsatellite
markers (STR) located in chromosome 6 and 15. DNA was obtained from
microdissected tumor tissues and surrounding stroma to define the loss
of heterozygosity (LOH) associated with chromosome 6p21. Our results
showed that LOH in chromosome 6 produced HLA haplotype loss (phenotype
II) in 36% of the tumors. In addition, HLA class I total loss (phenotype
I) was found in 11%; HLA A or B locus downregulation (phenotype III) was
detected in 20%; and HLA class I allelic loss (phenotype IV) in 10% of
all cases. We sometimes observed two or more associated mechanisms in
the same HLA-altered phenotype, such as LOH and HLA total loss in
phenotype I. In only 23% of tumors it was not possible to identify any
HLA class I alteration. We conclude that the combination of
immunohistological techniques and molecular analysis of tumor DNA
obtained from microdissected tumor tissues provides a means for the
first time of determining the actual frequency of the major HLA class
I-altered phenotypes in laryngeal carcinomas.
27
UI - 12051135
AU - Mahlstedt K; Blaschke T; Kramer KD; Gross M
TI -
[Parelectric spectroscopy for noninvasive diagnosis of laryngeal tissue]
SO - Biomed Tech (Berl) 2002 Apr;47(4):70-5
AD - Klinik fur Audiologie und Phoniatrie, Universitatsklinikum Benjamin
Franklin, Freie Universitat Berlin.
Under the influence of an external electrical field, every biological
tissue displays characteristic parelectric properties that can be
recorded by radiofrequency spectroscopy in a noninvasive contact mode.
Parelectric spectroscopy was investigated for its utility as a
complementary noninvasive diagnostic procedure in examinations of the
larynx, in particular in terms of its ability to differentiate tissue
properties. Parelectric spectroscopy was performed in 10 patients
submitted to surgical ablation of vocal cord neoplasia under local or
insufflation anaesthesia. Measurements were obtained in the area of the
neoplasia, and in macroscopically normal tissue in the corresponding
vocal cord. In all cases, intra-individual comparison with normal vocal
cord tissue revealed lower dipole density and reduced mobility of the
affected vocal cord. In addition, the difference between normal and
pat
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