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Abramson Cancer CenterNCI CANCERLIT® Search: Soft Tissue Sarcoma/Rhabdomyosarcoma - October 2002
National Cancer Institute®
Last Modified: October 1, 2002
- [Imaging of lipoma and liposarcoma]
- The effect of intramural and subserous uterine fibroids on implantation and clinical pregnancy rates in patients having intracytoplasmic sperm
- Sonographic features of phyllodes tumors of the breast.
- Beta-catenin accumulation and gene mutation in exon 3 in dedifferentiated liposarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
- Allotype imbalance or microsatellite mutation in low-grade soft tissue sarcomas of the extremities in adults.
- Is Trichomonas vaginalis a cause of cervical neoplasia? Results from a combined analysis of 24 studies.
- Epidemiologic differences between candidial and trichomonal infections as detected in cytologic smears in Taiwan.
- Antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 in women and infants born in Haiti and the USA.
- Activation of anchorage-independent growth of HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells by dexamethasone.
- [Radiation therapy for chordomas and chondrosarcomas of the base of the skull and cervical spine]
- Fully automated three-dimensional tracking of cancer cells in collagen gels: determination of motility phenotypes at the cellular level.
- Co-expression of survivin and TERT and risk of tumour-related death in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma.
- Length analysis of polymerase chain reaction products: a sensitive and reliable technique for the detection of mutations in KIT exon 11 in
- Coexpression of survivin and TERT in soft-tissue sarcoma.
- Surgical treatment of pulmonary artery sarcoma.
- Rhabdomyosarcoma: cytogenetics of five cases using fine-needle aspiration samples and review of the literature.
- [Pilot study of an alternative CYVADIC + CBDCA protocol for adult soft tissue sarcoma as adjuvant chemotherapy]
- Abdominal and pelvic CT for detection and volume assessment of peritoneal sarcomatosis.
- Adjuvant radiation for stage II-B soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity.
- Adjuvant radiation for stage IIb soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity.
- Soft tissue sarcomas in adults and children: a comparison.
- Soft tissue sarcomas in adults.
- Medical pearl: new views through the microscope.
- Radiologic manifestations of proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma of the soft tissues.
- Functional dissection of latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus involved in latent DNA
- The use of chemotherapy in soft-tissue sarcomas.
- Angiosarcomas--clinical profile, pathology and management.
- Clear cell sarcoma shows immunoreactivity for microphthalmia transcription factor: further evidence for melanocytic differentiation.
- Molecular diagnosis of clear cell sarcoma: detection of EWS-ATF1 and MITF-M transcripts and histopathological and ultrastructural analysis of
- [Neoplastic chondroneogenesis as a characteristic of mesenchymal chondrosarcomas]
- Chondrosarcoma of the ribs and sternum. Considerations on 20 cases treated.
- Isolated limb perfusion with cisplatin and doxorubicin for locally advanced soft tissue sarcoma of an extremity.
- Phase I study of twelve-day prolonged infusion of high-dose ifosfamide and doxorubicin as first-line chemotherapy in adult patients with
- Treatment of bone and soft tissue sarcomas of the hand and wrist.
- P53 expression is a factor for prognostic assessment in breast sarcoma.
- Hormonal receptors expression in epithelial cells of mammary phyllodes tumors correlates with pathologic grade of the tumor: a multicenter
- Extracorporeally irradiated autografts in pelvic reconstruction after malignant tumour resection.
- Structure and self-association of the Rous sarcoma virus capsid protein.
- Follicular dendritic cells in reactive and neoplastic lymphoid tissues: a reevaluation of staining patterns of CD21, CD23, and CD35 antibodies
- Immunohistochemical distinction of endometrial stromal sarcoma and cellular leiomyoma.
- When is a geode not a geode: when LSMFT?
- Adjuvant chemotherapy in early stage uterine sarcomas: an open question.
- Primary intimal sarcoma of the aorta: role of transesophageal echocardiography.
- Evaluation of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha as immunological markers of clinical outcome in cutaneous leishmaniasis.
- Kaposi's sarcoma herpesvirus and HIV-1 seroprevalences in prostitutes in Djibouti.
- Detection of human herpesvirus 8 DNA in serum from blood donors with HHV-8 antibodies indicates possible bloodborne virus transmission.
- Long-term outcome of combined modality therapy in retroperitoneal and deep-trunk soft-tissue sarcoma: analysis of prognostic factors.
Table of Contents
1
UI - 11939218
AU - Cotten A
TI -
[Imaging of lipoma and liposarcoma]
SO - JBR-BTR 2002;85(1):14-9
AD - Service de Radiologie osteo-articulaire, Hopital R. Salengro, Lille,
France.
The aim of this paper is to describe the two most frequent lipomatous
soft tissue tumors, lipoma and liposarcoma, and to highlight the
radiologic features allowing their differentiation.
2
UI - 11998961
AU - Yarali H; Bukulmez O
TI -
The effect of intramural and subserous uterine fibroids on implantation
and clinical pregnancy rates in patients having intracytoplasmic sperm
injection.
SO - Arch Gynecol Obstet 2002 Jan;266(1):30-3
AD - Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of
Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine,
Gaziosmanpasa, Ankara, Turkey.
Our objective was to assess the effects of intramural and subserous
fibroids on intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in a retrospective
case-control study of 108 women with uterine fibroids and 324 controls.
The fibroids were located and measured by transvaginal ultrasound
performed just before the ICSI cycle and all patients had normal
endometrial scan. Seventy-three women had intramural and 35 women had
subserous fibroids and the maximum diameter in any patient ranged from
0.5-10 cm. The number of fibroids in a patient ranged from 1-8. The
first cycle outcome was compared with an age and body mass index matched
324 ICSI patients/cycles. All couples had male factor infertility. The
ICSI cycles of patients with intramural and subserous fibroids were
comparable in terms of the days of ovarian stimulation, the total dose
of gonadotropin used, estradiol level on day of hCG administration, the
number of metaphase II oocytes retrieved, fertilization and cleavage
rates, number and quality of embryos developed and transferred. The
implantation and clinical pregnancy rates were similar. We conclude that
the presence of intramural and subserous fibroids does not adversely
effect clinical pregnancy and implantation rates in patients undergoing
ICSI.
3
UI - 12100421
AU - Chao TC; Lo YF; Chen SC; Chen MF
TI -
Sonographic features of phyllodes tumors of the breast.
SO - Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2002 Jul;20(1):64-71
AD - Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung
University College of Medicine and Chang Gung Memorial Hospital,
Taoyuan, Taiwan. tcchao@adm.cgmh.org.tw
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to examine the sonographic features
of phyllodes tumors of the breast. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of
prospectively recorded sonographic features was performed on 2268
patients with phyllodes tumors or fibroadenomas during 1995-98. Data
from 110 phyllodes tumors (76 benign, 11 borderline, 23 malignant) and
2204 fibroadenomas were analyzed. RESULTS: The patients with phyllodes
tumors were older than the patients with fibroadenoma (mean +/- standard
error, 39.7 +/- 1.1 years vs. 33.4 +/- 0.3 years; P < 0.0001).
Sixty-four percent of patients with phyllodes tumors were aged 31-50
years, while 68.5% of those with fibroadenoma were aged 21-40 years.
Phyllodes tumors were larger than fibroadenomas (5.90 +/- 0.43 cm vs.
1.95 +/- 0.03 cm; P < 0.0001). The ratio of length to anteroposterior
diameter of phyllodes tumors was smaller than the ratio of length to
anteroposterior diameter of fibroadenomas (1.72 +/- 0.06 vs. 1.89 +/-
0.02; P = 0.0105). Seventy-seven percent of phyllodes tumors were
lobulated and 79.5% of fibroadenomas were oval. Lobulated shape of the
tumor, heterogeneous echo pattern and absence of microcalcification are
significant independent sonographic features in multiple logistic
regression analysis to distinguish between phyllodes tumors and
fibroadenoma. Benign, borderline and malignant phyllodes tumors
displayed no significant differences in tumor size or the ratio of
length to anteroposterior diameter. CONCLUSIONS: There is a substantial
overlap in the sonographic characteristics between phyllodes tumors and
fibroadenoma of the breast. If lobulation and heterogeneous hypoechoic
internal echoes are observed and calcifications are absent, a diagnosis
of phyllodes tumors should be considered. Sonography cannot distinguish
between malignant, borderline and benign phyllodes tumors.
4
UI - 12204056
AU - Sakamoto A; Oda Y; Adachi T; Saito T; Tamiya S; Iwamoto Y; Tsuneyoshi M
TI -
Beta-catenin accumulation and gene mutation in exon 3 in
dedifferentiated liposarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma.
SO - Arch Pathol Lab Med 2002 Sep;126(9):1071-8
AD - Department of Anatomic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences,
Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
CONTEXT: beta-Catenin is an adhesion molecule that also plays a role in
the Wnt signaling pathway. Objective.-To analyze beta-catenin mutation
and accumulation in a series of liposarcomas and malignant fibrous
histiocytomas. DESIGN: beta-Catenin mutation in exon 3 was studied using
polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism
(PCR-SSCP) and direct sequencing analysis in 30 formalin-fixed,
paraffin-embedded liposarcomas. The tumors included 12 dedifferentiated
liposarcomas, characterized by both high-grade anaplastic components and
well-differentiated liposarcoma components, plus 18 well-differentiated
liposarcomas (10 lipoma-like and 8 sclerosing-type cases). The 2
components of dedifferentiated liposarcomas were analyzed independently.
beta-Catenin accumulation in the nuclei or cytoplasm and Ki-67
expression (cell-proliferation marker, MIB-1 labeling index) were
examined immunohistochemically. Nine storiform-pleomorphic-type
malignant fibrous histiocytomas were also studied. RESULTS:
Dedifferentiated liposarcomas showed mutation in 2 cases (17%) and
accumulation in 5 cases (42%). One of the 2 cases that showed mutations
had a mutation in the well-differentiated component; this mutation was
silent. The other case had mutations that differed between the 2
components. In well-differentiated liposarcomas, mutation was not seen
in any of the cases (0/18; 0%); however, accumulation was seen
frequently in the sclerosing-type cases (5/8; 63%), but not in the
lipoma-like cases (0/10; 0%). Malignant fibrous histiocytomas showed
mutation and accumulation in 5 (56%) and 4 (44%) cases, respectively,
without any exact correlation between the cases. Cases with accumulation
had a higher MIB-1 labeling index than those without, among both the
sclerosing-type well-differentiated liposarcomas (P <.05) and the
malignant fibrous histiocytomas. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest the
possible involvement of beta-catenin activation caused by beta-catenin
mutation in liposarcoma and malignant fibrous histiocytoma, but the
contribution would seem to be different, depending on the tumor type.
beta-Catenin accumulation is also thought to be related to cell
proliferation in some of the cases.
5
UI - 12210059
AU - Hoon Cho N; Cordon-Cardo C; Li GC; Hyun Kim S
TI -
Allotype imbalance or microsatellite mutation in low-grade soft tissue
sarcomas of the extremities in adults.
SO - J Pathol 2002 Sep;198(1):21-9
AD - Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine,
Seodaemoon-Ku, Shinchon-Dong, Seoul, Korea. cho1988@yumc.yonsei.ac.kr
The ability to repair DNA double-strand breaks is essential to maintain
chromosomal stability. Virtually all soft tissue sarcomas contain
chromosomal instabilities, including clonal aberrations and cytogenetic
aberrations. However, the relevance of DNA-dependent protein kinase
(DNA-PK) in the pathogenesis of soft tissue sarcoma has not been
clarified. The main aim of this work is to compare the prognostic impact
of genotypic imbalance in low-grade soft tissue sarcomas of the
extremities, and to correlate this with the translational level of
DNA-PK. This study investigated 28 adult low-grade malignant spindle
cell tumours of the extremities, predominantly fibrosarcomas, for loss
of heterozygosity (LOH) and microsatellite mutation on flanking regions
of each DNA-PK subunit, with identical immunophenotypes. Twelve
different polymorphic markers flanking the specific loci of three
subunits comprise the genetic map of DNA-PK, at 22q13, 2q35, and 8q11.
Translational activity was also analysed by western blot and
conventional immunohistochemistry. The overall sarcoma 5-year survival
rate was 61.7%. LOH was identified in the specific coding region of
DNA-PK in 39.29% for the DNA-PK catalytic subunit (cs), 17.86% for Ku70,
and only 7.14% for Ku80. A positive LOH for DNA-PKcs was shown to be a
significant factor for poor survival (log rank test p = 0.0160).
Immunoreactivity and immunoblot results correlated with the loss of
DNA-PKcs allotype in soft tissue sarcoma (Fisher's exact test p =
0.0037). Ku70 and DNA-PKcs were almost identical in terms of
immunoreactivity. In conclusion, whereas microsatellite mutation seems
an uncommon event during the evolution of low-grade fibrosarcoma of the
extremities in adults, the loss of DNA-PKcs defines a biologically more
aggressive subset. Copyright 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
6
UI - 8002180
AU - Zhang ZF; Begg CB
TI -
Is Trichomonas vaginalis a cause of cervical neoplasia? Results from a
combined analysis of 24 studies.
SO - Int J Epidemiol 1994 Aug;23(4):682-90
AD - Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering
Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021.
BACKGROUND. We conducted this combined analysis of available data from
studies with information on this issue to clarify the association
between Trichomonas vaginalis infection and cervical neoplasia. METHODS.
We performed MEDLINE searches (1966-1993) using the key words and
phrases 'trichomonas vaginitis' and 'neoplasms, cervix' for articles
published in English, and searched citations of the articles obtained
from MEDLINE. A total of 24 articles (two cohort studies and 22
case-control) were included in this data analysis. In the analysis, the
studies were evaluated for heterogeneity using Breslow-Day tests for
homogeneity of the odds ratios and of rate ratios. If the odds ratios
from studies are heterogeneous, it is not appropriate to combine them
using the Mantel-Haenszel method. Also, publication bias was evaluated
by assessing the association between the observed effect size and the
variance of the effect size using a rank correlation test. RESULTS. The
combined summary relative risk for the two cohort studies was 1.93 (95%
confidence interval: 1.22-2.65) indicating an approximate doubling of
the risk of cervical neoplasia in the presence of T. vaginalis
infection. The attributable risks among exposed subjects and among the
source population were 47.4% and 2.1% respectively. Results of the 22
retrospective studies were much less consistent. However, most of them
demonstrated a significant positive association. CONCLUSIONS. This
combined analysis suggests that there is an association between T.
vaginalis and the risk of cervical neoplasia, but that such infections
account for only 2% of cervical neoplasia.
7
UI - 8570805
AU - Wang PD; Lin RS
TI -
Epidemiologic differences between candidial and trichomonal infections
as detected in cytologic smears in Taiwan.
SO - Public Health 1995 Nov;109(6):443-50
AD - Taipei Wanhwa District Health Center, Taiwan.
The epidemiologic differences between cytology-detected candidial and
trichomonal infections were assessed in 15,933 women attending the 12
district health centres in the Taipei area and a consecutive 1114
patients, visiting venereal disease clinics, whose smears were screened
Pap smears were examined for the presence of specific organisms, such as
trichomonas vaginalis, vaginal candida, herpes simplex virus, human
papillomavirus, actinomyces, leptothrix, aspergillu, gardnerella and
others. More emphasis was placed on the candidial and trichomonal
infection in inflammatory Pap smears. The overall prevalence of
candidial and trichomonal infections was 3.40% and 1.88%, respectively.
There were striking differences in the prevalence of trichomoniasis
ranging from 1.74% in the district health centre population to 3.77% in
the venereal disease clinic patients; however, the prevalence of
candidial infection remained the same (3.40%) in these two distinct
population groups. Indices of socioeconomic status--education and
personal hygiene--showed an inverse association with the prevalence of
trichomoniasis but a positive correlation with candidiasis. Among
participants, younger age (< 20 years old) was independently associated
with candidial (OR = 1.95) and trichomonal (OR = 3.87) infections. No
sexual behavioural factors were associated with candidial infection in
this study; however, having multiple sexual partners (OR = 5.07) was
associated with a significantly elevated risk of trichomoniasis, while
using condoms was associated with a diminished risk (OR = 0.38). The
presence of candidiasis and trichomoniasis was highly associated with
abnormal cytologic findings, particularly those indicative of
inflammation. There was little evidence that findings suggestive of
cervical cancer could be attributed to either candidial or trichomonal
infections. These data suggest that trichomoniasis is consistent with
venereal transmission of the disease, but transmission by contaminated
objects cannot be ruled out because there is an increased relation
between trichomoniasis infection and socioeconomic conditions and
personal hygiene. Elucidation of such differences may be helpful in
designing different strategies to control these infections. Furthermore,
the findings can provide a good baseline of prevalence for investigating
the relationship between these two pathogens and cervical dysplasia.
8
UI - 9149705
AU - Goedert JJ; Kedes DH; Ganem D
TI -
Antibodies to human herpesvirus 8 in women and infants born in Haiti and
the USA.
SO - Lancet 1997 May 10;349(9062):1368
9
UI - 11928993
AU - Kondoh N; Shuda M; Arai M; Oikawa T; Yamamoto M
TI -
Activation of anchorage-independent growth of HT1080 human fibrosarcoma
cells by dexamethasone.
SO - In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2002 Feb;38(2):111-7
AD - Department of Biochemistry II, National Defense Medical College,
Tokorozawa, Saitama, Japan.
Anchorage independence is an important hallmark of the transformation
that correlates with tumorigenicity. We have isolated a variant clone of
HT1080 human fibrosarcoma cells (cl-2) that is specifically defective in
anchorage-independent growth. Interestingly, 10(-7) M dexamethasone
(DEX) substantially rescued the anchorage-independent growth of cl-2
cells in semisolid culture. DEX also promoted the anchorage-independent
growth of parental HT1080 cells. However, the agent had no effect on the
anchorage-dependent growth of cl-2 and parental cells in ordinary liquid
culture. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that the population of G0/G1
cells increased, whereas that of S and G2/M cells decreased in
growth-arrested cl-2 cells in suspension culture. However, such an
effect of anchorage loss on cell cycle progression was alleviated by
adding 10(-7) M DEX. In cl-2 cells in semisolid culture, DEX suppressed
the expression of P27Kip1, whereas it stimulated the expression of
cyclin A and hyperphosphorylated retinoblastoma (Rb) proteins. On the
other hand, DEX had no effect on cyclin D1 and P21Cap1 expression. These
effects of DEX, except for the suppression of P27Kip1, were blocked by
an antimicrofilament drug, cytochalasin D. Our results suggest that the
stimulation of anchorage-independent growth by DEX involves at least two
regulatory mechanisms, i.e., one that leads to the suppression of
P27Kip1 protein without requiring cytoskeletal integrity, and another
that requires cytoskeletal integrity, leading to stimulation of cyclin A
and hyperphosphorylation of Rb protein.
10
UI - 12206985
AU - Noel G; Jauffret E; Crevoisier RD; Habrand JL; Mammar H; Haie-Meder C;
TI -
Hasboun D; Ferrand R; Boisserie G; Pontvert D; Beaudre A; Gaboriaud G;
Mazal A; Guedea F; Petriz L; Mazeron JJ
[Radiation therapy for chordomas and chondrosarcomas of the base of the
skull and cervical spine]
SO - Bull Cancer 2002 Jul-Aug;89(7-8):713-23
AD - Centre de protontherapie, BP 65, 91402 Orsay Cedex, France.
noel@ipno.in2p3.fr
PURPOSE: Prospective analysis of local tumour control, survival and
treatment complications in 67 consecutive patients treated with
fractionated photon and proton radiation for a chordoma or a
chondrosarcoma of the base of the skull and of the cervical spine.
patients with a median age of 52.3 years (14-85), were treated using 201
MeV proton beam of the centre de protontherapie d'Orsay (CPO), 49 for a
chordoma and 18 for a chondrosarcoma. Irradiation combined high-energy
photons and protons. Photons represented 2/3 of the total dose and
protons 1/3. The median total dose delivered within gross tumour volume
was 67 Cobalt Gray Equivalent (CGE) (60-70). RESULTS: With a mean
follow-up of 32 months (4-71), the 3-year local control rates were for
chordomas and chondrosarcomas of 70.8% and 85.2%, respectively and
4-year overall survival rates of 87.7% and 75%, respectively. Fourteen
tumours (21.5%) failed locally (eight within the gross tumor volume,
four into the CTV and 2 in an unknown site). Seven patients died of
tumour and one of intercurrent disease. In univariate analysis, age
inferieur ou egal a 52.3 years (p = 0.002), maximum tumoral diameter <
44.7 mm (p = 0.02) and GTV < 28.4 mL (0.02), at time of radiotherapy,
influenced positively the local control. According to multivariate
analysis, only age was an independent prognostic factor of local
control. Only five (7.7%) patients presented grade 3 or 4 complications.
CONCLUSION: In base of skull chordomas and chondrosarcomas, the combined
photon and proton therapy offers excellent chances of cure at the price
of an acceptable toxicity. These results should be confirmed with a
longer follow-up.
11
UI - 12235000
AU - Demou ZN; McIntire LV
TI -
Fully automated three-dimensional tracking of cancer cells in collagen
gels: determination of motility phenotypes at the cellular level.
SO - Cancer Res 2002 Sep 15;62(18):5301-7
AD - Steele Laboratory for Tumor Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology,
Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114,
USA.
We developed a fully automated three-dimensional cell tracking system
that quantified the effect of extracellular matrix components on the
infiltration and migration of tumor cells. The three-dimensional
trajectories of two highly invasive cell lines, the human HT-1080
fibrosarcoma and the human MDA-MB-231 adenocarcinoma, were determined
for long-term infiltration in plain or Matrigel-containing collagen type
I gels. We modeled the trajectories with a novel formulation of the
continuous Markov chain model that can distinguish between the
tendencies for infiltration or lateral motion. Parameters such as the
speed of subpopulations, the persistence of motion in certain
directions, the turning frequency of the cells, the ultimate direction
of motion, and the cell distribution with the infiltration depth were
obtained to quantify the migration and infiltration at the cellular
level. Distinct migratory and infiltration phenotypes were identified
for the two cell types that were significantly dependent on gel
composition. The HT-1080 cell line expressed a high motility phenotype
on the plain collagen gel surface. The Matrigel-containing gel
significantly enhanced the infiltration and the turning frequency of the
HT-1080 cells. This study shows that tumor cell infiltration and
migration are dynamic processes that depend significantly on the cell
type and the microenvironment.
12
UI - 11918915
AU - Wurl P; Kappler M; Meye A; Bartel F; Kohler T; Lautenschlager C; Bache
TI -
M; Schmidt H; Taubert H
Co-expression of survivin and TERT and risk of tumour-related death in
patients with soft-tissue sarcoma.
SO - Lancet 2002 Mar 16;359(9310):943-5
Increased expression of survivin has been shown to be a negative
predictor of survival in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma. We
investigated 89 adults with soft-tissue sarcomas to ascertain the
relation between co-expression of survivin and human telomerase reverse
transcriptase (TERT) transcripts and prognosis. We quantified mRNA
expression of survivin and TERT transcripts. Cox's proportional-hazards
regression model showed co-expression of both genes to be a significant
negative prognostic factor for patients with stage I to stage IV tumours
(p=0 small middle dot0004; relative risk 20 small middle dot1, 95% CI 3
small middle dot8-106 small middle dot4) and for those at stage II and
III (p=0 small middle dot0002; 42 small middle dot1, 6 small middle
dot0-294 small middle dot9) compared with low expression of both genes.
Co-expression of survivin and TERT transcripts identifies patients at
high risk of tumour-related death.
13
UI - 12045714
AU - Emile JF; Lemoine A; Bienfait N; Terrier P; Azoulay D; Debuire B
TI -
Length analysis of polymerase chain reaction products: a sensitive and
reliable technique for the detection of mutations in KIT exon 11 in
gastrointestinal stromal tumors.
SO - Diagn Mol Pathol 2002 Jun;11(2):107-12
AD - Service d'anatomie Pathologique, Hopital Paul Brousse and UPRES 1596,
Universite Paris Sud, France. jean-francois.emile@pbr.ap-hop-paris.fr
Gastrointestinal stromal tumors are the most common mesenchymal
neoplasms of the digestive tract. These tumors express the c-kit
receptor tyrosine kinase, and many have activating mutations in the
juxtamembrane region coded by the exon 11 of KIT. Detection of these
mutations has prognostic and therapeutic impact. The aim of the study
was to compare a new detection method by length analysis of polymerase
chain reaction products (LAPP) to direct sequencing. The detection of
either deletion or insertion mutations within the exon 11 of KIT was
performed on genomic DNA extracted from 40 paraffin-embedded samples
from 38 patients. Double-strand direct sequencing revealed a mutation in
25 of 40 samples. In two additional samples, a mutation was suspected
but could not be determined by sequencing. LAPP revealed a mutation in
27 samples, corresponding to the 25 determined and 2 suspected samples.
One of these latter samples contained three different alleles. Mutations
corresponded to either deletions (n = 24) or insertion (n = 1) and had
the same size with sequencing and LAPP. Our results show that LAPP is as
accurate and more sensitive than direct sequencing for the detection of
deletion or insertion mutations of exon 11 of KIT in gastrointestinal
stromal tumors.
14
UI - 12243951
AU - Daidone MG; Porta CD; Pilotti S; Zaffaroni N
TI -
Coexpression of survivin and TERT in soft-tissue sarcoma.
SO - Lancet 2002 Sep 14;360(9336):877
15
UI - 11135162
AU - Mayer E; Kriegsmann J; Gaumann A; Kauczor HU; Dahm M; Hake U; Schmid FX;
TI -
Oelert H
Surgical treatment of pulmonary artery sarcoma.
SO - J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2001 Jan;121(1):77-82
AD - Department for Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, Pathology, and
Radiology, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Mainz, Germany.
emayer@mail.uni-mainz.de
OBJECTIVE: Pulmonary artery sarcomas are rare and usually fatal tumors.
The diagnosis is difficult and delayed in most cases. Newer imaging
techniques could allow early diagnosis in patients with symptoms of
pulmonary vascular obstruction. Surgical resection improves clinical
symptoms and offers the only chance of cure. We report the case
histories of 7 patients with primary pulmonary artery sarcomas treated
by surgical resection with or without adjuvant therapy. METHODS: Seven
patients (3 women and 4 men; mean age, 52.3 years; preoperative New York
Heart Association functional class III/IV, n = 5/2) underwent
operations. Malignancy was preoperatively suspected in 5 patients, and 2
patients had a presumptive diagnosis of chronic pulmonary embolism.
Tumor resection with partial or total prosthetic replacement (n = 2),
reconstruction (n = 5), or both, of central parts of the pulmonary
arteries was performed in 6 patients. Thromboendarterectomy was
necessary in 4 patients, and pneumonectomy was necessary in 2 patients.
Six patients received adjuvant therapy. RESULTS: There was no
perioperative mortality. All patients had a substantial improvement in
exercise tolerance and hemodynamics 3 months after their operations.
Four patients died 7, 9, 18, and 19 months after their operations
because of recurrent tumor or pulmonary metastases. Two patients are
alive 21 and 35 months after primary surgical repair, with pulmonary
metastases detected by computed tomographic scans. One patient is alive
62 months after resection without clinical or radiologic signs of tumor
recurrence or metastasis. CONCLUSIONS: Early diagnosis of primary
pulmonary artery sarcomas can be improved by computed tomography and
magnetic resonance scanning. Radical surgical resection probably
presents the only chance for cure. The role of neoadjuvant or adjuvant
treatment modalities has to be defined. Pulmonary artery sarcoma need
not necessarily be a fatal diagnosis.
16
UI - 11934388
AU - Udayakumar AM; Sundareshan TS; Appaji L; Biswas S; Mukherjee G
TI -
Rhabdomyosarcoma: cytogenetics of five cases using fine-needle
aspiration samples and review of the literature.
SO - Ann Genet 2002 Jan-Mar;45(1):33-7
AD - Cytogenetics Unit, Department of Pathology, Kidwai Memorial Institute of
Oncology, Bangalore, India. tssundri@vsnl.com
Cytogenetic analyses of fine-needle aspiration samples were performed on
five cases of which three were alveolar rhabdomyosarcomas (RMS), one was
embryonal RMS and one was RMS of mixed alveolar and embryonal histology.
Three cases of alveolar RMS and one case of embryonal RMS showed
t(2;13). A del(1)(p11) in a mixed alveolar and embryonal RMS was
observed without the presence of t(2;13). add(17)(q25) was present in
one of the alveolar RMS along with a t(2;13). Modal number of chromosome
in the five cases ranged from hyperdiploid to hypertetraploid. Clinical,
cytological, histopathological and cytogenetic findings are correlated.
The role of additional abnormalities is discussed with a review of
appropriate literature.
17
UI - 12355942
AU - Matsumoto S; Kawaguchi N; Manabe J; Matsushita Y; Tanizawa T
TI -
[Pilot study of an alternative CYVADIC + CBDCA protocol for adult soft
tissue sarcoma as adjuvant chemotherapy]
SO - Gan To Kagaku Ryoho 2002 Sep;29(9):1571-4
AD - Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital.
An alternative CYVADIC + CBDCA protocol was tried as a postoperative
adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with adult soft tissue sarcoma. The
regimen for CYVADIC was day 1: VCR: 1.5 mg/m2 (day 1), doxorubicin: 50
mg/m2 (day 1), DTIC: 250 mg/m2 (day 1-2), and cyclophosphamide: 500
mg/m2 (day 2), and that for CBDCA was 400 mg/m2. CYVADIC and CBDCA were
1997, 80 patients with soft tissue sarcoma underwent surgery in our
hospital. This protocol was used in 8 of these cases of high grade adult
soft tissue sarcoma. Round cell sarcoma was excluded from this study.
The 5-year disease free survival rate was 60% and the overall survival
rate was 70%. Three cases showed lung metastases. Two patients died of
disease and one patient survives free from disease after removal of the
lung metastases. No patients showed severe toxicity. We conclude that
this protocol merits further evaluation.
18
UI - 12195759
AU - Pestieau SR; Jelinek JS; Sugarbaker PH
TI -
Abdominal and pelvic CT for detection and volume assessment of
peritoneal sarcomatosis.
SO - Tumori 2002 May-Jun;88(3):209-14
AD - Washington Cancer Institute, Washington Hospital Center, 110 Irving
Street, NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
OBJECTIVE: Peritoneal sarcomatosis is a common finding in patients with
recurrent abdominal or pelvic sarcoma. CT of the abdomen and pelvis is
the standard radiological examination for evaluation of tumor volume and
location in the peritoneal cavity; however data regarding the
reliability of recurrent sarcoma detection has not been available. The
purpose of this study was to evaluate the sensitivity of CT in detecting
recurrent peritoneal sarcomatosis. METHODS: Abdominal and pelvic CT
scans of 33 patients with abdominal or pelvic sarcoma recurrence were
retrospectively reviewed. Subsequently all patients underwent surgery at
which time complete exploration of the abdomen and pelvis was performed.
Twenty-five CT parameters were evaluated and statistically analyzed
using the findings at surgery as a standard. RESULTS: Among the anatomic
sites, the lesser omentum and the Douglas pouch showed a sensitivity of
100%. In the nine abdominopelvic regions sensitivity was greater than
85% in the central region, the left lower quadrant and the pelvis. In
all regions and sites, the pelvis and Douglas pouch showed the highest
accuracy (91%). The volume of tumor present within an abdominopelvic
region influenced the sensitivity. A sensitivity of 72.5% was recorded
when tumor nodules were less than 0.5 cm in diameter. This increased to
90% when tumor diameter was greater than 5 cm. CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal
and pelvic CT is a reliable test to evaluate recurrent sarcoma. The
nodules in the pelvis were most accurately detected. Even small nodules
of 0.5 cm were detected; the sensitivity increased as the nodules became
greater than 5 cm.
19
UI - 11896115
AU - Alektiar KM; Leung D; Zelefsky MJ; Brennan MF
TI -
Adjuvant radiation for stage II-B soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity.
SO - J Clin Oncol 2002 Mar 15;20(6):1643-50
AD - Department of Radiation Oncology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. alektiak@mskcc.org
PURPOSE: Adjuvant radiation therapy (RT) has been shown to improve local
control in patients with high-grade soft tissue sarcoma (STS) of the
extremity. This study sought to define the optimal management in
patients with stage II-B (high-grade, size < or = 5 cm) tumors. PATIENTS
with primary stage II-B STS underwent limb-sparing surgery with negative
microscopic margins. Eighty-eight patients (43%) received RT; 116 (57%)
did not. The RT and no-RT groups were balanced with regard to age, site
(upper v lower extremity), whether patients had prior unplanned
excision, and location (central, i.e., shoulder/groin v non-central).
The RT group had more deep tumors (P =.03). Adjuvant RT was delivered
with brachytherapy in 60% and external-beam radiation in 40% of
patients. RESULTS: With a median follow-up of 67 months, the 5-year
local control, distant relapse-free survival, and disease-specific
survival rates were 82%, 80%, and 88%, respectively. There was no
significant difference in local control between the RT and no-RT groups
(84% v 80%, respectively, P =.3). Tumor depth, site, and prior unplanned
excision did not correlate with local control. The only independent
predictors of poor local control were central tumor location (relative
risk [RR] = 3; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2 to 7; P =.005) and age
more than 50 years (RR = 6; 95% CI, 2 to 13; P =.001). CONCLUSION: In
this retrospective study, adjuvant RT did not significantly improve
local control in patients with stage II-B STS of the extremity. The
outcome of patients with central tumor location was poor, and efforts to
identify the optimal local treatment approach for such patients are
warranted.
20
UI - 12228214
AU - Timmerman RD
TI -
Adjuvant radiation for stage IIb soft tissue sarcoma of the extremity.
SO - J Clin Oncol 2002 Sep 15;20(18):3929-30; discussion 3930
21
UI - 8019926
AU - Lawrence W Jr
TI -
Soft tissue sarcomas in adults and children: a comparison.
SO - CA Cancer J Clin 1994 Jul-Aug;44(4):197-9
In most cases, soft tissue sarcomas in children are quite different from
soft tissue sarcomas in adults and require a different approach to
staging and treatment. Dr. Lawrence, Professor of Surgery and Director
Emeritus of the Massey Cancer Center at the Medical College of Virginia,
provides his insight into the differences and similarities in the
clinical management of pediatric soft tissue sarcomas and soft tissue
sarcomas in adults.
22
UI - 8019927
AU - Karakousis CP; Perez RP
TI -
Soft tissue sarcomas in adults.
SO - CA Cancer J Clin 1994 Jul-Aug;44(4):200-10
AD - Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo,
New York.
Soft tissue sarcomas are relatively rare in adults, accounting for less
than one percent of newly diagnosed cancers in the United States each
year. However, increased physician awareness of these tumors may lead to
earlier diagnosis and improved results. The five-year survival rate has
been increasing, and treatment using a combination of modalities has
significantly reduced the number of amputations performed. This article
reviews the clinical presentation, diagnosis, pathology, and treatment
of soft tissue sarcomas in adults.
23
UI - 11423845
AU - Smoller BR
TI -
Medical pearl: new views through the microscope.
SO - J Am Acad Dermatol 2001 Jul;45(1):120-1
24
UI - 12239049
AU - Tateishi U; Hasegawa T; Kusumoto M; Yokoyama R; Moriyama N
TI -
Radiologic manifestations of proximal-type epithelioid sarcoma of the
soft tissues.
SO - AJR Am J Roentgenol 2002 Oct;179(4):973-7
AD - Division of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, 5-1-1
Tsukiji, Chuo-Ku, Tokyo 104-0045, Japan.
OBJECTIVE: Our study was conducted to summarize the clinical and
radiologic presentations and imaging features of proximal-type
epithelioid sarcoma, a rare aggressive soft-tissue sarcoma, in 16
patients. CONCLUSION: The chest wall, inguinal region, thigh, and
perineum were the most common sites of the disease. Tumors exhibited
multilobulated contours in 87.5% of the patients, which may be
suggestive of this tumor type. Nodal involvement was identified on CT
and MR imaging and confirmed pathologically in 62.5% of the patients.
Although CT or MR findings are nonspecific, proximal-type epithelioid
sarcoma shows a multinodular configuration and admixes with regional
lymph node metastasis on imaging studies.
25
UI - 12239308
AU - Lim C; Sohn H; Lee D; Gwack Y; Choe J
TI -
Functional dissection of latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 of
Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus involved in latent DNA
replication and transcription of terminal repeats of the viral genome.
SO - J Virol 2002 Oct;76(20):10320-31
AD - Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science
and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
Latency-associated nuclear antigen 1 (LANA1) of Kaposi's
sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is implicated in the maintenance
of the viral genome during latent infection. LANA1 colocalizes with KSHV
episomes on the host chromosome and mediates their maintenance by
attaching these viral structures to host chromosomes. Data from
long-term selection of drug resistance in cells conferred by plasmids
containing the terminal repeat (TR) sequence of KSHV revealed that KSHV
TRs and LANA1 act as cis and trans elements of viral latent replication,
respectively. In this study, we further characterized the cis- and
trans-acting elements of KSHV latent replication by using a transient
replication assay with a methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme, DpnI.
Transient reporter and replication assays disclosed that the orientation
and basal transcriptional activity of TR constructs did not
significantly affect the efficiency of replication. However, at least
two TR units were necessary for efficient replication. The N-terminal 90
amino acids comprising the chromosome-binding domain of LANA1 were
required for the mediation of LANA1 C-terminal DNA-binding and
dimerization domains to support the transient replication of KSHV TRs.
LANA1 interacted with components of the origin recognition complexes
(ORCs), similar to Epstein-Barr virus nuclear antigen 1. Our data
suggest that LANA1 recruits ORCs to KSHV TRs for latent replication of
the viral genome.
26
UI - 12185297
AU - Spira AI; Ettinger DS
TI -
The use of chemotherapy in soft-tissue sarcomas.
SO - Oncologist 2002;7(4):348-59
AD - Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, Baltimore,
Maryland 21231, USA. spiraal@jhmi.edu
The treatment of advanced soft-tissue sarcomas is often palliative,
although a subset of patients may be cured or have a long disease-free
interval. This paper reviews the historical data over 30 years of
treatment that has led to the use of ifosfamide and doxorubicin as the
mainstay in the treatment of metastatic disease. These treatments have a
high toxicity, relative to other chemotherapeutic regimens, with median
response durations on the order of months. Agents developed in the last
few years, whose role in the treatment of sarcomas is still evolving,
are discussed as well. Finally, we discuss the role of chemotherapy in
combination with surgery and radiation in the adjuvant and neoadjuvant
settings.
27
UI - 12365113
AU - Sur RK; Nayler S; Ahmed SN; Donde B; Uijs RR; Cooper K; Giraud A
TI -
Angiosarcomas--clinical profile, pathology and management.
SO - S Afr J Surg 2000 May;38(1):13-6
AD - Department of Radiation Oncology and Anatomical Pathology, University of
the Witwatersrand, South African Institute for Medical Research,
Johannesburg.
Files of 8 patients with primary angiosarcomas treated in the Department
of Radiation Oncology at the University of the Witwatersrand from 1982
to 1995 were identified. None of these patients had received prior
radiotherapy or chemotherapy which would have predisposed them to the
formation of an angiosarcoma. Slides of 6 patients were reviewed. Five
of the 6 were confirmed as having angiosarcomas, while 1 patient was
found to have a peripheral neuro-epithelial tumour. Four patients had
angiosarcomas of the breast, while there was 1 patient each with
angiosarcoma of the skin, intestine and brain. Complete excision was the
primary modality of management whenever possible. Postoperative
radiotherapy was given in cases of incomplete excision, patient refusal
of radical surgery or gross tumour. Four patients died within 4 months
of diagnosis. Three patients are alive (2 with no evidence of disease)
22-96 months after diagnosis. In 1 patient follow-up details were not
available as he did not return for treatment. Angiosarcomas are
aggressive malignant tumours arising from the endothelial cells.
Complete surgical excision is the treatment of choice in the management
of this aggressive disease, which has a poor prognosis.
28
UI - 11211309
AU - Granter SR; Weilbaecher KN; Quigley C; Fletcher CD; Fisher DE
TI -
Clear cell sarcoma shows immunoreactivity for microphthalmia
transcription factor: further evidence for melanocytic differentiation.
SO - Mod Pathol 2001 Jan;14(1):6-9
AD - Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard
Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Microphthalmia transcription factor, a melanocytic nuclear protein
critical for the embryonic development and postnatal viability of
melanocytes, is a master regulator in modulating extracellular signals.
Recently, microphthalmia transcription factor expression was shown to be
both a sensitive and specific marker of epithelioid melanoma. We
investigated the sensitivity of D5, an anti-microphthalmia transcription
factor antibody, for diagnosis of clear cell sarcoma (also known as
malignant melanoma of soft parts). Immunoreactivity in a nuclear pattern
for D5 was present in 8 of 12 (75%) tumors. D5 staining was strong in
three tumors, moderate in two, and weak in three. S-100 protein
expression was seen in all 12 cases that had clear cell sarcoma
examined. HMB-45 staining was seen in 11 of 12 (92%) tumors. Focal
Melan-A positivity was seen in 3 of 7 (43%) tumors. Although D5 was
shown in a previous study to be a highly sensitive and specific marker
for epithelioid melanomas, the results of this study expand the spectrum
of tumors showing immunoreactivity for D5. D5 immunoreactivity in clear
cell sarcoma provides further evidence for melanocytic differentiation
in this unusual tumor.
29
UI - 11826187
AU - Antonescu CR; Tschernyavsky SJ; Woodruff JM; Jungbluth AA; Brennan MF;
TI -
Ladanyi M
Molecular diagnosis of clear cell sarcoma: detection of EWS-ATF1 and
MITF-M transcripts and histopathological and ultrastructural analysis of
12 cases.
SO - J Mol Diagn 2002 Feb;4(1):44-52
AD - Department of Patholog, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New
York, New York 10021, USA.
Clear cell sarcoma (CCS), also known as melanoma of soft parts, is an
uncommon deep soft tissue tumor presenting typically in the lower
extremities of young adults. Previous cytogenetic studies have
established the specificity of the recurrent t(12;22)(q13;q12),
resulting in a EWS-ATF1 fusion, for CCS. The prevalence of the EWS-ATF1
fusion in CCS remains unclear, since most genetically confirmed CCS have
been reported as isolated cytogenetic or molecular diagnostic case
reports. We therefore studied histologically confirmed CCS from 12
patients for the presence of EWS-ATF1 by reverse-transcriptase
polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), using RNA extracted from either
frozen (four cases) or formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (eight cases)
material. All primary tumors were located in the deep soft tissues of
the extremities. Histologically, 10 cases had a typical epithelioid
nested appearance. Most or all cases showed immunostaining for HMB45 (12
of 12), S-100 protein (10 of 12), and MITF (12 of 12). Ultrastructural
analysis showed melanosomes in six of seven cases. The presence of an
EWS-ATF1 fusion transcript was identified by RT-PCR in 11 of 12 cases
(91%), all of which showed the same fusion transcript structure, namely
the previously described in-frame fusion of EWS exon 8 to ATF1 codon 65.
RT-PCR analysis for the melanocyte-specific splice form of the MITF
transcript was positive in all cases tested (4 of 4). These data confirm
that EWS-ATF1 detection can be used as a highly sensitive diagnostic
test for CCS and that CCS expresses the melanocyte-specific form of the
MITF transcript, further supporting its genuine melanocytic
differentiation.
30
UI - 12149925
AU - Schorle CM; Unni KK; Aigner T
TI -
[Neoplastic chondroneogenesis as a characteristic of mesenchymal
chondrosarcomas]
SO - Orthopade 2002 Jun;31(6):544-50
AD - Schwerpunkt Knorpelforschung-Osteoarthrose, Pathologisches Institut,
Universitat Erlangen-Nurnberg, Krankenhausstrasse 8-10, 91054 Erlangen.
Thomas.Aigner@patho.imed.uni-erlangen.de
Mesenchymal chondrosarcomas are rare skeletal malignancies, which are
typically characterized by tumor compartmentation. One tumor area is
formed by small, undifferentiated neoplastic cells, whereas the second
compartment is composed of cartilaginous areas. In this study, the
application of in situ detection techniques enabled us to characterize
the different tumor compartments according to their cellular
differentiation patterns. The use of characteristic marker genes
identified all steps of chondrogenesis within the different tumor
compartments. Undifferentiated tumor cells in the small-cell areas were
negative for vimentin and the cytoprotein S-100, whereas other tumor
cells expressed collagen type IIA and vimentin indicating a
chondroprogenitor cellular phenotype in these small-cell areas. Fully
differentiated chondrocytic cells expressing collagen type II were found
in the chondroid areas. The focal expression of type X collagen
indicated hypertrophic differentiation of the neoplastic chondrocytes.
The results characterize mesenchymal chondrosarcomas as skeletal
malignancies that arise from undifferentiated chondroprogenitor cells
and have the potential to undergo all steps of chondrocytic
differentiation.
31
UI - 12198946
AU - Briccoli A; Campanacci L; Biagini R; Rocca M; Malaguti C; Mercuri M
TI -
Chondrosarcoma of the ribs and sternum. Considerations on 20 cases
treated.
SO - Chir Organi Mov 2002 Jan-Mar;87(1):17-23
AD - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Universita di Bologna, Italy.
Over the last 20 years at the Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute in Bologna
20 cases of chondrosarcoma (CS) of the thoracic wall (14 males, 6
females, mean age 49 years) have been submitted to surgery. Localization
was costal in 11 cases, costosternal in 3, sternal in 3, costovertebral
in 3. The most frequent histological variety was central with 15
observations. All of the cases were treated surgically. Exeresis was
wide in 14 cases, marginal in 6. Reconstruction of the thoracic wall
took place either by direct suturing or (14 cases) using prosthetic
materials (Marlex mesh, 1 or 2 shapeable metal plates). Of the 20 cases
treated, 16 patients are still alive (80%) with a mean survival rate of
33.5 months and a mean reduction in the postoperative ventilative index
of function of less than 10%. The results obtained lead us to believe
that surgical treatment involving wide exeresis is adequate, and the
reconstruction method using Marlex mesh and metal plates is reliable.
32
UI - 10753532
AU - Eroglu A; Kocaoglu H; Demirci S; Akgul H
TI -
Isolated limb perfusion with cisplatin and doxorubicin for locally
advanced soft tissue sarcoma of an extremity.
SO - Eur J Surg Oncol 2000 Apr;26(3):213-21
AD - Department of Surgical Oncology, Ankara University Medical School,
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