Proteinuria (Protein in the Urine)

What is proteinuria?

Proteinuria is when you have more protein in your urine than you should. Protein is carried in the blood. As blood passes through the kidneys, the kidneys stop protein from going into the urine. When your kidneys are not working as well as they should, there may be more protein than normal in your urine.

What causes proteinuria?

Proteinuria can happen if you have high blood pressure or diabetes. It may also happen as a side effect of some cancer treatments. When caused by medication, the medication may need to be stopped until urine protein levels have returned to normal.

Proteinuria may also be caused by infection. If you notice signs of a urinary tract infection, call your care provider. Signs of a urinary tract infection are:

• Having to urinate more often.
• Pain when urinating.
• Pink or brown-tinged urine.
• Fever.

How is proteinuria diagnosed?

Proteinuria is diagnosed using a urine sample. Your care provider may have you pee into a cup or have you collect all of your urine for 24 hours. Either test can tell if there is protein in your urine.

How is proteinuria managed?

Early-stage proteinuria has no signs or symptoms. As protein levels go up, you may notice swelling (edema) of your hands or legs, and your urine may become foamy. If you are getting treatment that increases your risk of having proteinuria, your care provider may give you medicine to help reduce the amount of protein lost before it starts.

If you have high blood pressure, diabetes, or kidney disease, it is important to make sure you are following the diet given to you and to take all medications prescribed to protect your kidneys. If you get proteinuria, your care provider may suggest a diet that is low in sodium (salt) and protein. You may also want to see a registered dietitian for guidance.

When should I call my care team?

If you have new swelling in your hands, legs, or feet, foamy urine, or a decrease in how often you are urinating, call your care provider.