Encorafenib (Braftovi®)
Pronounce: en-koe-RAF-e-nib
Classification: Kinase Inhibitor
About Encorafenib (Braftovi®)
A kinase is an enzyme that helps a cell grow. There are different types of kinases. Each type affects a different phase of cell growth. Kinase inhibitors slow down the growth of cancer cells.
Encorafenib may be used to treat cancers with a BRAF V600E or V600K mutation.
Encorafenib is often given with another medication, depending on why you are taking it. For colorectal cancer, encorafenib may be given with a medication called cetuximab. For melanoma and some types of lung cancer, encorafenib may be given with a medication called binimetinib. If encorafenib is given with binimetinib, your provider will check how well your heart pumps blood with an echocardiogram or MUGA scan before and during your treatment. Your liver will also be checked with blood tests called liver function tests.
This article will focus on the side effects of taking encorafenib by itself. If you are taking encorafenib with one of the other medications, please see the article for binimetinib or cetuximab for more information.
How to Take This Medication
Encorafenib is taken once a day by mouth in capsule form. It can be taken with or without food. If you miss your dose and it is within 12 hours of your next dose, skip the missed dose and take your next dose as scheduled. If you vomit after taking this medication, do not take an extra dose. Instead, continue with your next dose as scheduled. Talk with your pharmacist or provider if you are having trouble swallowing the medication.
It is important to make sure you are taking the correct amount of medication every time. Before every dose, check that what you are taking matches what you have been prescribed.
The blood levels of this medication can be affected by certain foods and medications, so they should be avoided. These include: grapefruit, grapefruit juice, verapamil, ketoconazole, rifampin, phenytoin, St. John’s wort, and modafinil, among others. Be sure to tell your healthcare provider about all medications and supplements you take.
If at some point you stop taking encorafenib, you should also stop taking binimetinib or cetuximab. Discuss with your provider if you stop taking any medication.
Storage and Handling
Store your medication in the original container with the label. If you want to use a pillbox, talk to your pharmacist. Keep it in a dry place at room temperature unless your provider or pharmacist tells you otherwise. Keep containers out of reach of children and pets.
If a caregiver prepares your dose for you, they should consider wearing gloves or pour the pills directly from their container into the cap, a small cup, or directly into your hand. They should avoid touching the pills. They should always wash their hands before and after giving you the medication. Pregnant or nursing people should not prepare the dose for you. Ask your provider where to return any unused medication for disposal. Do not flush down the toilet or throw in the trash.
Where Do I Get This Medication?
Some cancer medications are only available through specialty pharmacies. Your provider or pharmacist will start this process. Your insurance plan may also affect where you can get your medication. Call your prescription plan provider to find out which specialty pharmacies are in-network.
Insurance Information
This medication may be covered by your prescription plan. If you qualify, you may be able to get financial help through patient assistance programs (PAP). Co-pay cards may also be available to lower your out-of-pocket cost if you have commercial (not Medicare/Medicaid/Tricare) insurance. Your pharmacist, social worker, or navigator can help find resources for financial support.
Possible Side Effects
These are some of the most common or most serious side effects of this medication. Talk with your provider about the side effects you are having and how they can be managed.
Skin Reactions
This medication can cause skin issues such as hyperkeratosis (thickening of the skin), dry skin, itching, and rash. Use an alcohol free moisturizer on your skin and lips; avoid moisturizers with perfumes or scents. Your oncology care team can recommend a topical medication if itching is bothersome. If your skin does crack or bleed, be sure to keep the area clean to avoid infection. Your care providers will frequently be checking your skin for any changes. It is important to notify your providers of any new or worsening changes to your skin.
Loss or Thinning of Scalp and Body Hair (Alopecia)
Alopecia is when your hair gets thin, brittle (breaks easily), or falls out. This may happen during the few weeks after treatment starts. Hair loss can be all of your body hair, including pubic, underarm, legs/arms, eyelashes, and nose hairs. You may want to use scarves, wigs, hats, and hairpieces. Your hair helps keep you warm in cold weather, and it can protect you from the sun, so it is important to wear a hat if you are in cold weather or in the sun. If you are going to be out in the sun, protect your scalp by using a sunscreen with SPF 30 or higher. Wash your scalp with a mild or baby shampoo. After you are done with treatment, hair often starts to grow back.
Hand-Foot Syndrome
Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a skin reaction on the palms of your hands and/or the soles of your feet. HFS can be caused by certain chemotherapy agents being absorbed (taken in) by your skin cells. HFS can start as a mild tingling, numbness, pins-and-needles feeling, redness, or pain or swelling of your hands and/or feet. It can lead to painful swelling, blistering, or peeling skin, making it hard to do your normal activities. Tell your providers right away if you have these symptoms, as they may need to change your chemotherapy dose or take a break to let your skin heal. Some ways to help prevent HFS are:
- Keep your hands and feet clean and dry.
- Avoid tight shoes or socks.
- Avoid activities that put pressure on your palms or soles during treatment and for 1 week after treatment.
- Use an alcohol-free moisturizer often, and do not use products with perfumes or scents.
- Do not use very hot water for baths and showers
Fatigue
Fatigue can cause exhaustion, feeling worn out and that your body is "heavy" and hard to move, or being unable to focus. It is common when you have cancer, and it is not the same as feeling tired. You may need to adjust your schedule to manage fatigue. Plan times to rest during the day and save your energy for more important activities. Exercise can help lessen fatigue. Talk to your providers about ways to deal with this side effect.
Muscle or Joint Pain/Aches and Headache
You may have joint or muscle pain/aches and headaches while taking this medication. Your provider can recommend medications and other ways to help relieve your pain.
Fertility
This medication may affect a male's reproductive system, causing changes to your sperm. You may be unable to get or keep an erection. Your desire for sex may decrease during treatment. You may want to consider sperm banking if you wish to have a child in the future. Talk about your options with your provider before treatment.
Reproductive Concerns
There is a higher risk of health problems for your baby if you are pregnant, become pregnant, or get someone pregnant while on this medication. To lower the risk of birth defects, you should use birth control (contraception) to avoid pregnancy.
Talk with your provider about what kind of birth control is safest for you and your partner.
If you can become pregnant, you will need to use effective birth control during treatment and for 2 weeks after the last dose of this medication, even if your menstrual cycle has stopped or changed.
If you can get someone pregnant, you will need to use effective birth control during treatment and for 2 weeks after the last dose of this medication, even if you believe you are not producing sperm.
You should not breastfeed during treatment and for 2 weeks after the last dose of this medication.
Important but Less Common Side Effects
Secondary Cancers
A secondary cancer happens as a result of cancer treatment for another cancer. This is rare, but you should know your risk. Secondary cancers can be related to chemotherapy and other anti-cancer medications. Often, a secondary cancer is a blood cancer. This can happen years after treatment and is often related to repeated treatments or high doses. Your provider will watch your labs closely. They may suggest you have a blood test called a complete blood count with differential. This is often done each year if you had high risk therapies.
Bleeding
If you notice you are bleeding more easily or for no reason, especially new bleeding from your gums or nose, call your provider right away. You may also bruise more easily.
If you have bright red or dark, tarry stool, blood in your vomit, vomit that looks like coffee grounds, or have any signs of stroke (severe headache, trouble talking, weakness on one side, confusion), call 911 right away.
Eye Problems
If you have any change in vision, such as blurred vision, loss of vision, see colored dots or halos, have eye pain, swelling or redness, you should contact your care provider.
Cardiomyopathy
This is when your heart has a hard time carrying blood to your body. Your ejection fraction, which measures how much blood your heart is able to pump with each beat, may be lower than normal.
QT Prolongation
QT prolongation is when your heart is not working how it should, and it can cause slow or abnormal heartbeats or an abnormal heart rhythm. Tell your provider right away if you feel abnormal heartbeats or if you feel dizzy or faint.